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Clin Anat I - Exam #3 > UE2 > Flashcards

UE2 Flashcards

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1
Q
A
  1. bicipital groove
  2. lateral epicondyle
  3. medial epicondyle
  4. radial (spiral) groove
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2
Q
A
  1. radial fossa
  2. capitulum
  3. trochlea
  4. coronoid fossa
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3
Q
A

olecranon fossa

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4
Q
A

trochlear notch

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5
Q
A
  1. proximal radual ulna joint (PRUJ)
  2. distal radial ulna joint (DRUJ)
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6
Q
A
  1. trohelar notch
  2. coronoid process
  3. tuberosity
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7
Q
A

radial notch of the ulna

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8
Q
A
  1. head of ulna
  2. styloid process of ulna
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9
Q
A
  1. radial head
  2. neck of radius
  3. radial tuberosity
  4. body
  5. interosseus membrane
  6. ulna
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10
Q
A
  1. radial head
  2. radial neck
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11
Q
A
  1. radial styloid
  2. dorsal tubercule of radius
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12
Q
A

Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can’t Handle

  1. scaphoid
  2. lunate
  3. triquetrum
  4. pisiform
  5. trapezium
  6. trapezoid
  7. capitate
  8. hamate
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13
Q
A
  1. radiocarpal joint
  2. midcarpal joint
  3. carpalmetacarpal joint (CMC)
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14
Q
A
  1. base of MC
  2. metacarpal (MC)
  3. head of MC
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15
Q
A
  1. proximal phalanx of thumb
  2. distal phalanx of thumb
  3. proximal phalanx
  4. middle phalanx
  5. distal phalanx
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16
Q
A
  1. thumb CMC
  2. thumb MCP
  3. IP
  4. CMC
  5. MCP
  6. PIP
  7. DIP
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17
Q
A
  1. olecranon fossa
  2. medial epicondyle
  3. olecranon
  4. radial head
  5. lateral epicondyle
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18
Q
A
  1. radial head
  2. radius
  3. ulna
  4. olecranon
  5. trochelar notch
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19
Q
A

cubital fossa

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20
Q

Define the cubital fossa

A

triangular hollow area - anterior elbow

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21
Q

What are the boundaries of the cubital fossa?

A
  • superior: imaginary line between med and lat epicondyles
  • medial: pronator teres
  • lateral: brachioradialis
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22
Q

What is the floor of the cubital fossa?

A
  • brachialis
  • supinator muscles
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23
Q

What is the roof of the cubital fossa?

A

fascia reinforced by bicipital aponeurosis

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24
Q

What can be palpated in the cubital fossa?

A
  • brachial a.
  • distal biceps tendon
  • bicipital aponeurosis
  • pronator teres
  • brachioradialis
  • median cubital v.
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25
What forms the cubital tunnel?
* medial epicondyle * tendinous arch of FCU
26
What is the content of the cubital tunnel?
* ulnar n. * post. recurrent ulnar a.
27
What is cubital tunnel syndrome?
entrapment of cubital tunnel
28
\*\*What is the only n. in the posterior elbow?\*\* (TEST QUESTION)
ulnar n.
29
What are the two compartments of the forearm?
* anteriomedial * posteriolateral
30
What is contained in the anteriomedial compartment of the forearm?
flexors & pronators
31
What is the innervation of most muscles in the anteromedial forearm?
median n.
32
What is the innervation of 1 1/2 muscles in the anteromedial forearm?
ulnar n.
33
What does the posterolateral compartment contain?
extensors & supinators
34
What innervates ALL muscles of the posterolateral compartment of the forearm?
radial n.
35
What are the divisions of the forearm compartments?
* interosseus membrane * subq border of ulna (posterior) * radial a. (anterior)
36
What are the groups of muscles in the anteromedial forearm?
* superficial * intermediate * deep
37
What muscles make up the superficial group?
* pronator teres * flexor carpi radialis (FCR) * palmaris longus * flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)
38
In general, what is the action of the anteromedial muscles?
* flex wrist * pronate forearm
39
What muscles make up the intermediate layer of the anteriomedial compartment?
flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)
40
What muscles make up the deep group of the anteriomedial compartment of the forearm?
* flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) * flexor pollicis longus (FPL) * pronator quadratus
41
pronator teres O/I
* O: med epicondyle & coronoid process * I: mid lat radius
42
pronator teres N
median n. | (passes b/t two heads of the muscle)
43
pronator teres A
A: pronates & flexes forearm
44
FCR O/I
O: med epicondyle I: base of 2nd MC
45
FCR N
N: median n.
46
FCR A
A: flexes & radial deviates wrist
47
What lies immediatly lateral and medial to the FCR at the wrist?
* lateral: radial a. * medial: median n.
48
palmaris longus O/I
O: med epicondyle I: palmar aponeurosis & distal 1/2 of flexor retinaculum
49
palmaris longus N
N: median n.
50
palmaris longus A
A: flexes wrist & tightens palmar aponeurosis
51
What is located lateral to palmaris longus at the wrist?
median n.
52
FCU O/I
O: humeral head - medial epicondyle; ulnar head - olecranon process & posterior ulna I: pisiform, hook of the hamate, & base of the 5th MC
53
FCU N
ulnar n. | (passes between two heads)
54
FCU A
A: flexes & ulnarly deviates wrist
55
What is immediatly lateral to FCU at the wrist?
ulnar n. & a.
56
1. pronator teres 2. FCR 3. FCU 4. palmaris longus 5. FDS
57
FDS O/I
O: humeroulnar head - medial epicondyle & coronoid process; radial head - superior 1/2 of ant. radius I: middle phalnges of digits 2-4 (splits to let FDP pass to distal phalanx)
58
FDS N
N: median n.
59
FDS A
A: flexes PIP of digits 2-5; some wrist & MCP flexion
60
What structures pass through the two heads of FDS?
* median n. * ulnar a.
61
1. median n. 2. FDS
62
FDP O/I
O: proximal anterior ulna I: base of distal phalanges on digits 2-5
63
FDP N
N: lateral portion - AIN of median n.; medial portion - ulnar n.
64
FDP A
A: DIP flexion of digits 2-5; also some wrist flexion
65
1. AIN 2. FDP 3. ulnar n.
66
FPL O/I
O: anterior radius I: base of distal phalanx of thumb
67
FPL N
N: AIN of median n.
68
FPL A
A: IP flexion
69
FPL
70
pronator quadratus O/I
O/I: distal 1/4 radius & ulna
71
pronator quadratus N
N: AIN of median n.
72
pronator quadratus A
A: pronates forearm
73
1. AIN 2. pronator quadratus
74
1. pronator teres 2. supinator 3. pronator quadratus
75
In general, what do the muscles of the posterolateral compartment do?
* extend wrist/digits * supinate forearm * brachioradialis flexes elbow
76
1. extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) 2. extensor digiti minimi 3. extensor digitorum 4. extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) 5. extensor carpi radialis longus ( ECRL)
77
1. EDS 2. ECU 3. extensor indicies 4. extensor pollicis longus (EPL) 5. extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) 6. abductor pollicis longus (APL) 7. ECRB 8. ECRL
78
brachioradialis
79
1. brachioradialis 2. ECRL 3. ECRB
80
extensor indicies
81
1. EPL 2. extensor indicies 3. EPB 4. APL
82
What are the muscles that extend & deviate (both ulnar & radial) the wrist?
* ECRB * ECRL * ECU
83
What are the muscles that extend digits 2-5?
* extensor digitorum * extensor indicies * extensor digiti minimi
84
What are the muscles that either extend or abduct the thumb?
1. APL 2. EPB 3. EPL
85
brachioradialis O/I
O: lateral supracodylar ridge I: lateral distal ulna
86
brachioradialis N
N: radial n.
87
brachioradialis A
A: flexes elbow in neutral position (beer drinking muscle)
88
What is significant about brachiradialis' distal tendon?
C6 deep tendon reflex
89
supinanator O/I
O: lateral epicondyl & posterior proximal ulna
90
supinator N
N: deep branch of radial n.
91
ECRL O/I
O: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus I: base of 2nd MC
92
ECRL N
N: radial n.
93
ECRL A
A: extends and radially deviates wrist
94
ECRB O/I
O: common extensor tendon of lateral epicondyle I: base of 3rd MC
95
ECRB N
N: deep branch of radial n.
96
ECRB A
A: extension & radial deviation of wrist
97
ECU O/I
O: common extensor tendon of lateral epicondyle I: base of 5th MC
98
ECU N
N: PIN of radial n.
99
ECU A
A: extend & ulnarly deviates wrist
100
extensor digitorum O/I
O: common extensor tendon of lateral epicondyle I: extensor expansion hoods of digits 2-5
101
extensor digitorum N
N: PIN of radial n.
102
extensor digitorum A
A: extends digits 2-5
103
extensor indicies O/I
O: posterior ulna I: extensor expansion hood of 2nd digit
104
extensor indicies N
PIN of radial n.
105
extensor indicies A
extends 2nd digit
106
extensor digiti minimi O/I
O: common extensor tendon of lateral epicondyle I: extensor expansion hood of 5th digit
107
extensor digiti minimi N
PIN of radial n.
108
extensor digiti minimi A
extends 5th digit | (Dr. Evil)
109
What are the "outcropping" muscles?
* APL * EPB * EPL
110
APL O/I
O: ulna & interosseus membrane I: base of 1st MC
111
APL N
PIN of radial n.
112
APL A
abducts thumb
113
EPB O/I
O: radius & interosseus membrane I: base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
114
EPB N
PIN of radial n.
115
EPB A
extends 1st MCP & CMC
116
EPL O/I
O: ulna & interosseus membrance I: base of distal phalanx of 1st digit
117
EPL N
PIN of radial n.
118
EPL A
extends IP, MCP, & CMC
119
1. common interosseus a. 2. posterior interosseus a. 3. anterior interosseus a. 4. radial a. 5. ulnar a. 6. brachial a.
120
What supplies the blood to the elbow?
radial & ulnar recurrents
121
Describe the pathway of the anterior interosseus a.
* descends along ant. to interosseus membrane * at pronator quad, it pierces interosseus membrane to descend posteriorly to the wrist
122
Describe the pathway of posterior interosseus a.
* pierces interosseus membrane * descendes posteriorly to wrist
123
What happens to the radial & ulnar a. at the hand?
form anastmosetr
124
Describe the pathway of the radial a.
descends deep to brachioradialis and goes to wrist
125
Describe the pathway of the median n.
enters cubital fossa w/ brachial a. descends b/t 2 heads of pronator teres gives rise to AIN continues to descende b/t FDS & FDP
126
What is the pathway of AIN?
travels deep along anterior compartment
127
What does the median n. supply?
* pronator teres * FDS * PL * FCR * thenar muscles * APB * opponens pollicis * flexor pollicis
128
What does AIN supply?
* 1/2 FDP * FPL * pronator quad
129
Describe the pathway of the ulnar n.
* passes posteriorly to medial epicondyle * enters forearm through cubital tunnel * descends through forearm b/t FCU & FDP * at wrist, passes ANTERIOR to flexor retinaculum
130
What does the ulnar n. supply?
* FCU * 1/2 FDP * muscles of the hand
131
Describe the pathway of the radial n.
* enters forearm anterior to elbow * travels b/t brachialis & brachioradialis in cubital fossa * divides into deep & superficial branches
132
Describe the pathway of the deep branch of the radial n.
* pierces supinator * wraps post. around radius * continues as PIN
133
Describe the pathway of the superficial branch of the radial n.
* continues to descend deep to brachioradialis * enters hand to supply skin of lateral hand
134
What does the radial n. supply?
* triceps * anconeous * ECRL
135
What does the deep branch of the radial n supply?
* ECRB * supinator
136
What does the PIN innervate?
* ECU * muscles of the digits * extensor digitorum * extensor indices * extensor digiti minimi * extensor muscles of the thumb * APL * EPB * EPL
137
median n.
138
1. AIN 1. median n
139
1. ulnar n. 2. FCU 3. ulnar n. 4. FDP 5. ulnar n. 6. Guyon's Canal
140
1. ulnar n. 2. FDP
141
all are radial n.
142
1. radial n. 2. superfical branch of radial n. 3. supinator 4. deep branch of radial n.
143
1. radial n. 2. deep branch of radial n. 3. radial n. passing through supinator 4. PIN 5. superfical branch of radial n. 6. brachoradialis 7. superficial branch of radial n.
144
Describe the articulation of the humeroradial joint
capitulum + radial head
145
Describe the articulation of the humeroulnar joint
trochlea + olecranon
146
Describe the articulation of the PRUJ
(proximal radioulnar joint) radial notch of ulna + radial head
147
What is the function of the radial collateral ligament ?
resists varus stress
148
What is the function of the ulna collateral ligament?
resists valgus stress
149
What is the function of the annular ligament?
allows pronation/supination but stabilizes radial head
150
What are the carrying angles for males & females?
* male: 10-15 deg * female: \>15 deg females are larger to accomodate for childbearing, wide hips
151
What is the structure posterior to the olecranon that reduces friction?
olecranon bursae
152
T/F: The ulna rotates around the radius during pronation/supination.
false
153
How is the elbow supplied with blood?
via anastamoses
154
Define sacciform recess
* continuation of synovial joint capsule of elbow * located between annular ligament and radial head
155
Define the articulation of the DRUJ
ulnar head + ulnar notch of radius
156
What is the TFCC?
triangular fibrocartilagenous complex
157
Where does the TFCC attach?
base of radius & ulnar styloid process
158
What is the TFCCs function?
* acts as pivot during pronation/supination * acts as articular disc (meniscus of the UE)
159
What is the anatomical snuffbox?
triangular space along the lateral wrist
160
What are the boundaries of the anatomical snuffbox?
* APL & EPB * EPL
161
What forms the floor of the anatomical snuffbox?
* scaphoid * trapezium
162
What are the contents of the anatomical snuffbox?
* radial a. * superficial branch of radial n. travels over the roof
163
Why are we concernd with the scaphoid?
poor blood supply --\> AVN s/p fx
164
What passes between the hamate and the hook of the hamate?
ulnar n.
165
Name the ligaments of the wrist
ulnar & radial collateral dorsal radiocarpal palmar radiocarpal
166
What is the function of the dorsal radiocarpal ligament?
allows hand to "follow" radius during pronation
167
What is the function of the palmar radiocarpal ligament?
allows the hand to "follow" radius during supination
168
What is the function of the extensor retinaculum?
contains extensor tendons against wrist to prevent bowstringing with contraction
169
What is the continuation of the extensor retinaculum?
palmar carpal ligament
170
What is the flexor retinaculum?
* transvers carpal ligament * forms roof of carpal tunnel
171
What muscles are part of the thenar eminence?
* abductor pollicis brevis (APB) * flexor pollicis brevis (FPB) * opponense pollicis
172
What is the most distal muscle innervated by the ulnar n.?
adductor pollicis
173
What are the two heads of adductor pollicis?
* oblique * transverse
174
adductor pollicis A
thumb adduction
175
lumbricals A
* flex MCP * extend IP
176
lumbrical 1 & 2 innervation?
median n.
177
lumbricals 3& 4 innervation?
ulnar n.
178
lumbricals O/I
O: FDP tendon I: extensor expansion hood of digits 2-5
179
interossei innervation
ulnar n.
180
How many dorsal interossei are there? palmar?
* dorsal = 4 * palmar = 3
181
action of the interossei?
* DAB = dorsal abduct * PAD = palmar abduct
182
ABP N
median n.
183
APB A
* abducts thumb * assists w/ opposition
184
FPB N
median n. (recurrent branch)
185
FPB A
flexes thumb
186
opponense pollicis N
median n. recurrent branch
187
opponens pollicis A
opposes thumb
188
What muscles make up the hypothenar eminence?
* abductor digiti minimi * flexor digiti minimi brevis * opponense digiti minimi
189
abductor digiti minimi N
ulnar n
190
abductor digiti minimi A
abduction of 5th digit
191
flexor digiti minimi brevis N
ulnar n.
192
flexor digiti minimi brevis A
flex 5th digit
193
opponense digiti minimi N
ulnar n.
194
opponens digiti minimi A
opposition of 5th digit
195
What are the borders of the carpal tunnel?
* flexor retinaculum * carpal bones
196
What does the carpal tunnel contain?
9 tendons, 1 nerve * FDS * FDP * FPL * median n.
197
Describe the orrientation of the tendons in the carpal tunnel when taking a transverse view
* 4 FDP tendons flat together * 4 FDS tendons, 2 on top of 2
198
What passes through Guyon's Canal?
ulnar n.
199
What forms Guyon's Canal?
* pisiform * hook of the hamate
200
Describe the blood supply to the hand
superficial & deep palmar arches
201
1. humeroradial joint 2. humeroulnar joint 3. PRUJ
202
ulnar collateral ligament
203
1. annular ligament 2. radial collateral ligament
204
saciform recess
205
DRUJ
206
anatomical snuff box
207
1. EPL 2. radial a. 3. EPB 4. APL
208
1. TFCC 2. ulnar collateral ligament 3. dorsal radiaocarpal joint 4. radial collateral ligament
209
palmar radiocarpal ligament
210
extensor retinaculum
211
palmar carpal ligament
212
1. palmar carpal ligament 2. flexor retinaculum
213
1. palmar aponeurosis 2. palmaris logus
214
1. flexor digiti minimi brevis 2. abductor digiti minimi 3. abductor pollicis pollicis brevis 4. flexor pollicis brevis
215
1. opponens digiti minimi 2. opponens pollicis
216
1. ulnar n. 2. adductor pollicis
217
1. FPL 2. FDS 3. FDP

Clin Anat I - Exam #3 (2 decks)

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