Ultimate Review (IU) Questions Flashcards by Matt Elbert

Curing light wave length

400-500nm (475nm I think)

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MC GA complication within first 24 hours that can lead to pneumonia

Atelectasis (Collapsed lung)

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Curing light damages ____ the most

Retina

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Implants should be placed ___mm. apart and ___mm from adjacent teeth

3mm

1mm

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Implant distance from mental foramen

5mm

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Chin tilted too far upward on PAN will show

Reverse Occlusal Plane

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Chin tilted too far down on PAN will show

Big smile, Anterior tooth distortion

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Inverted Y on PAN due to superimposition of the

Floor of nasal cavity (straight radiopaque line) and border of maxillary sinus (curved radiopaque line)

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Bone necrosis occurs at

56 degrees celsius

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Procedure to correct mandibular retrognathia

Bilateral sagittal split

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Infections from mandibular premolars and molars drain to ____

Submandibular space because apices are below mylohyoid mm. attachment

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Infections from mandibular incisors and canines drain to ___

Submental Space

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Same species graft:

Allograft or Isogenic graft

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Dyspnea & Wheezing on Expiration

Asthma

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Tx for asthma attack

Albuterol, can give epi (.3mL of a 1:100,000 dilution) if albuterol doesn’t work)

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Meds to avoid in asthma patients:

NSAIDS
Barb’s
Narcotics
Erythromycin

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Stones are MC found in ____ obstructing what duct

Submandibular gland; Wharton’s duct

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Where is recurrent herpes mostly found

Lips*
Hard palate
Attached gingiva
Alveolar ridge

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Apthous ulcers are associated with Stress such as:

bacterial infections
trauma
endocrine condition
allergic factor
immunological abnormalities in iron, vitamin B or Folic acid

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What type of syphilis is NOT contagious

Tertiary syphilis

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Patients with what disease are more sensitive to EPI, which could result in a hypertensive crisis

Graves disease

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Xerostomia can be caused by

Antihypertensives
Antidepressants
Cancer therapy
Sjogren’s syndrome
Endocrine disorders

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Patients with Muscular dystrophy tend to show what two symptoms

Mouth-breathing

- Tendency for Open-Bite

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How much bone necessary B & L around implant

B:0.5mm
L:1mm

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Pemphigoid is found in

between epithelium and CT

Pemphigus (worst one) found

solely in epithelia tissue (intraepithelial bullae)

Which amine LA is also metabolized by esterase's in plasma

Septocaine/Articaine

Strongest anti-inflammatory steroid drugs

Dexamethasone

What drug has a high concentration in gingival/crevicular fluid

Tetracycline

What drug has a high concentration in bone

Clindamycin

Drug that can cause severe liver damage

Tetracycline

Drug known to cause nephrotoxicity & hypokalemia

Amphotericin B

Allergic cholestatic hepatitis is associated with

Erythromycin estolate

Drug that causes GI upset

Clindamycin & Erythromycin

Drug with SE: Pseudomembranous colitis

Clindamycin & Cephalexin

Drug that can cause Aplastic Anemia

Chloramphenicol (bacteriostatic)

Tetracycline can be inactivated by

Milk & Antacids

Drug known to cause photosensitivity

Tetracycline

Drug effective against Gram + and Gram - bacteria

1st generation Cephalosporins

Drug that commonly interacts with Lidocaine and causes lidocaine to remain in circulation

Propranolol--compete for same enzyme in liver thus metabolism of lidocaine can be reduced

When broad spec. AB's are given with _____ anticoagulant action increases due to reduction in vitamin K sources

Coumadin

Decreases the metabolism of Digoxin

Erythromycin

Blocks metabolism of Seldane (Terfenadine)(antihistamine) & can cause arrhythmia and death

Erythromycin

Prolongs effects of Penicillin

Probenecid

Tx of Trigeminal neuralgia (2)

- Cabamazepine (anticonvulsant_ | - Phenytoin

Oral contraceptives can cause

Thromboembolisms

Alcohol inhibits activity of

Cortex

Drugs that directly stimulate pancreatic Beta cells to secrete insulin

Sulfonyl ureas

Tx for Status Epilepticus

Diazepam

PT test evaluates

Warfarin (anticoagulant) Liver Damage Vitamin K

PTT is used to evaluate

Heparin (anticoagulant)

INR that is OK for surgery

1-1.5

Methotrexate is a

Antimetabolite

Longest acting Benzo

Oxazepam

LA's antagonize acetylcholinesterase inhibitor's in patients with

Myasthenia Gravis

Contraindicated in patients with Glaucoma

Atropine--may cause blurred vision due to mydriasis effect

Causes LEAST CNS depression and impairment of psychomotor skills of the anti anxiety drugs

Buspirone

Can cause auditory nerve deafness

Gentamycin

Less likely to cause xerostomia

Opioids

Drugs that may cause Hypokalemia

Thiazides

Sudden onset of impending doom is referred to as

Panic attack

Potent anti-TB drug

Isoniazid

Ethambutol is a

anti-TB drug

What drug can cause a neuromuscular junction blockade which can cause RESPIRATORY difficulty

Streptomycin

Penicillin derivative that cannot be given orally

Methicillin

1. Effective against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa | 2. Also used for Pseudomonas infection

1. Cipro | 2. Ticarcillin & Carbenicillin

Effective against most ANAEROBES

Clindamycin

If it has a quaternary ammonium group it is a:

Direct nicotinic stiumlator

Penicillin derivative that displays RENAL TUBULAR secretion

Benzylpenicillin (Pen VK)

AB for UTI

Nalidixic acid

Can cause kidney stones

Sulfa (Sulfamethoxaszole)

Good against penicillinase producing staph

Oxacillin

3rd generation cephalosporin

Moxalactam

Longest Half-life of Tetracycline drugs

Doxycycline

If Lidocaine caused seizure, use ____

Diazepam

Drug that helps acute leukemia in kids

Aminopterin

____ and MAO's are Contraindicated

Demerol

Calcium counteracts ____

Fluoride

Vital tooth with open apex, what procedure

Apexogenesis

Non-vital tooth with open apex, what procedure

Apexification

Better prognosis: internal root resorption or external

Internal

Enamel rods at cervical of primary teeth are pointed ____

Occlusally

Zyban (for tobacco cessation) should NOT be taken with

Antidepressants

Brush biopsies are done for ____ diagnoses

Fungal

Tx for early hypothyroidism

ADH

Cancer of plasma cells

Multiple Myeloma

No Epi with MAO or

TCA antidepressants

Reduced # of ___ cells are seen in apthous ulcers

T-cells

Most common salivary gland tumor

Pleomorphic adenoma

Large tongue & delayed eruption are signs of

Hypothyroidism

Apthous ulcers are commonly seen in what syndrome

Bechet's syndrome

Signs of Lichen Planus

- 4 P's: Purple, Polyhonal, Pruritic, Papules (all on skin) - Wickham striae - Does NOT wipe off

1. Interproximal necrosis and pseudomembranous formation 2. Sore bleeding gums - No loss of attachment - Odor, low grade fever, lymphadenopathy, malaise

ANUG

1. Generalized around most teeth (systemic) with no plaque | 2. Localized--severe destruction around mand/max 1st molars or mand/max anterior teeth with no plaque

Juvenile Periodontitis

- Vital tooth - Acute pain - Thermal doesn't usually affect it - Lateral percussion

Periodontal abscess

1. Localized--<30% of sites involved 2. Generalized >30% of sites involved - Slight 1-2mm CAL - Moderate 3-4mm CAL - Severe > or = 5mm of CAL

Chronic Periodontitis

- Rapid - Otherwise healthy - Local--around puberty - Generalized--<30y.o.

Aggressive Periodontitis

Fixed monthly payment paid by a carrier to a dentist based on number of patients assigned. Doesn't matter how much care is delivered. What is this a part of?

D-HMO plan

Test that measures the association between two categorical variables; used for the comparison of groups when the data are expressed as counts or proportions

Chi-square

Relative Risk study

Cohort

A general population is followed through time to see who develops the disease, and then the various exposure factors that affected the group are evaluated

Prospective Cohort Study

Study used to evaluate the effect that a specific exposure has had on a population

Retrospective Cohort Study

A study in which the health conditions in a group of people who are, or are assumed to be, a sample of a particular population (a cross-section) is assessed at "ONE TIME"

Cross-sectional study

Odds ratio study

Case Control Study

Clinical attachment level is measured from

CEJ to the BASE of the pocket

Pocket depth is measured from

Gingival margin to base of pocket

MC place to get hematoma from injection

PSA. Tx by digital pressure in mucobuccal fold, posterior and superiorly and apply ice extraorally

MC to inject into artery or vein:

PSA

Causes blurred vision, can kill you, use broad spectrum AB to beat it, caused usually by staph, can be from infra bony abscess in maxillary anterior region. Usually occurs in OPHTHALMIC VEIN

Cavernous sinus thrombosis

Maxillary denture should extend to

Vibrating line

Irrigation during implant placement is for

Cooling of the bone

Preg. woman passes out in char, what do you do?

Roll her onto her left side

Dens in dente MC

Max. Lateral

Inhibits metabolism of folic acid, used for cancer tx

methotrexate

High BP in preg. patient is sign of

Preeclampsia

Menarche is important milestone because of:

Skeletal maturity

Primate space on maxillary arch

between laterals and canines

Primate space on mandibular arch

between canines and first molars

ACC Anterior Reduction

1mm facial 1mm lingual 1.5 incisal

PFM Anterior Reduction

1. 5mm facial 1. 5mm incisal 0. 5mm lingual

PFM Posterior Reduction

1.5mm facial 2mm occlusal 0.5mm lingual

Porcelain Anterior Veneer Reduction

0.5mm facial

Most cariogenic sugar

Sucrose

MC bacteria in endo infected tooth

``` Multiple anaerobes--Porphyromonas Bacteriodes melaninogenica (also gram + actinomyces (root caries)). ```

OSHA standard:

Bloodborne pathogens standard

Toxic waste is capable of causing

Poisoning effect

Organization responsible for MSDS

The Manufacturers

When do most needle sticks occur?

Recapping

Transdermal patch for motion sickness

Scopolamine

LA that causes Methemoglobinemia

Prilocaine

Causes shortness of breath, CYANOSIS, mental status change, headache, fatigue, exercise intolerance, dizziness, loss of consciousness. Blood is chocolate brown color

Methemoglobinemia

Most important characteristic of Major Connector

Rigidity

Most likely to cause Ankylosis of Condyle

Most important dimension of color for dental restorations

Value

Decreased VDO results in increase of

Freeway space

Tooth borne Kennedy mods

Class III & Class IV

No mods occur in Kennedy Class

MM. involved in TMJ opening

Lateral pterygoid Digastrics Omohyoid

MM. involved in TMJ closing

Masseter Temporalis Medial Pterygoid

MC swelling of submandibular triangle tissues

Lymphadenopathy

All H&N lymph eventually drains to

Deep cervical lymph nodes

CN's with parasympathetic capabilites:

3, 7, 9, 10, maybe 5

Do NOT premed for

Mitral Prolapse (according to ADA website)

Cleft palate/lip prevelance

1/700; Cleft Lip occurs more than Cleft Palate

Drugs that increase insulin sensitivity at peripheral target sites

- Metformin | - Pioglitazone

Drugs that stimulate insulin release from pancreas and increase insulin sensitivity at peripheral target sites

- Glyburide | - Chloropropamide

Osteoporosis drugs (-dronates) that inhibit osteoclasts

Fosamax

Most impacted tooth after 3rd molars

maxillary canine

Most reversible neuro condition

Paresthesia

What does the oil in the X-ray tube do

Dissipates heat and is used for cooling

Avg. person greatest exposure to radiation

INHALED RADON 56%

Type of bone defect that does not require grafting

3-wall narrow defect

Xray for perio disease

How does radiation affect the body negatively

Free radicals--indirect effect

Gauge of pulpotomy success based on:

Completed root development

Sinus visualization best with:

Waters projection, MRI, or CT

Risk factor for sickle cell anemia

Having a cold & Nitrous oxide

Longitudinal study is a type of

Observational study

Associated with osteogenesis imperfect, blue sclera, calcified roots & canals

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

- Oligodontia (6 or more missing teeth) - Lack of skin & hair - Heat intolerance

Ectodermal dysplasia

Ideal fluoride levels

0.7-1.2ppm (depends on air temperature)

Lateral periodontal cysts involve ____ teeth

Vital

Antagonist for Benzo's

Flumazenil (OD too)

MC respiratory problem in office

COPD & asthma

MC respiratory emergency in office

Hyperventilation & obstruction

Healthy gingival sulcus contains:

- Gram + facultative cocci & rods | - PMN's

Bacteria assoc. with root caries

Actinomyces viscous

Reduces scatter radiation and amount of tissue irradiated

Collimater

Disease involving pigmentation of mucosa

Addison's

Disease involving intestinal polyps and intraoral pigmentation

Peutz-jeghers

When do you give AB's for ANUG

only if SYSTEMIC symptoms present (metronidazole & tetracycline)

Antral Y is the union of

Anterior wall of maxillary sinus with floor of nasal fossa

Pregnant lady elevate what

Elevate right hip

Chancre in syphilis appears similar to

SCC

Chelator (removes smear layer) and removes inorganic material

EDTA

Cross-linking agent in acrylic is a

Monomer

Patients with CHF display

pedal edema (-prils used as meds, along with digoxin)

Anterior crossbones are usually due to

skeletal issues

V3 comes out of what foramen

Foramen ovale

ANB greater than +2

Class 2

ANB less than -2

Class 3

ANB -2 or +2

Class 1

Normal SNA (Maxillary)

82-Class 1

SNA (Maxillary) greater than 82

Class 2

SNA (Maxillary) <82

Class 3

Normal SNB (mandibular)

80-Class 1

SNB <80

Class 2

SNB >80

Class 3

Black woman, lower anteriors, vital teeth, progress to radiopaque

Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia

Most recurrent Cyst

OKC

Best for re-tx on endo teeth that have post & core

Apicoectomy

Worst place for implants

Upper posterior

Best place for implants

Lower anterior

Tx for Systemic candida

Fluconazole

Dentist gives false information violates

Veracity

MC heart defect in kids

Ventricular septal defect

RMGI is a

compomer

Fiber post advantage

similar to dentin

Signs of hypoglycemia

- rapid HR - confusion - blurred vision - pale skin - sweating

Implants can lose ___mm of bone/yr

0.2mm

Bleeding time is determined via

Platelet test

Primary molar with necrotic pulp shows in the

Furcation

ADA code of ethics does NOT include

licensure by credentials

Tx for petit mal seizures

Ethosuxicimide

MC soft tissue injury during ext

puncture

Dentigerous cyst can transform into

ameloblastoma

Curette angle for posterior SRP

45-90degrees

1/3rd of root calcified at birth

Maxillary canine

Diabetes Test: | -Normal Ha1c

Normal is 4-6 | Diabetic if higher than 6.5

Highest C-factor is in what type of restoration

Class 1 composite

Flange too far lingual on mandibular denture, it is impinging on palatoglossal and

superior constrictor mm

Plaster expands more or less than stone

Metal oxide formation is necessary for

metal ceramic bond

Porcelain adheres to metal by

chemical covalent bonds

True negative of false positive (don't have it)

Specificity

Specificity is inversely proportional with

Sensitivity (has disease)

Describes really large pulp chamber

Taurodontism

Posterior corset with functional shift needs fixed how soon

asap

Hemangioma are mc on

tongue, blood filled cells, blanches

Hematoma is ___-like

bruise

Angle formed by the non-working condyle and sagittal plane (laterotrusive movement)

Bennett angle

Close reduction surgery does not involve

Soft tissue

Prozac acts on ____ receptors

Serotonin

Area where structures appear most sharply and clearly

Focal Trough

Superior attachment of pterygomandibular raphe

Hamulus

Tendon between buccinators and superior constrictor muscles

Pterygomandibular raphe

Factors that influence image definition

- Arch path - Velocity of the film & tube head - Alignment of X-ray beam - Collimeter width

Sign of Fetal Alcohol syndrome

Small head

"Failure to thrive" is descriptive of

Enamel hypoplasia

Setting of alginate is a double decomposition between

Potassium Alginate and Calcium Sulfate

Excessive on occlusal is usually caused by a discrepancy between

CR and CO

How much alginate should be between bottom of tray and occlusal surface for alginate

0.25 inches

Flux (e.g. borax) is added to metal surface to improve:

- Flow of the solder - Dissolve oxides - Prevent contamination

Flux is placed on the surface ____ they are heated

before

Antiflux (graphite) is used to

Restrict flow of flux

___ and sulfide interfere with bonding

Oxide