Último Examen Flashcards
(50 cards)
What is an habitat?
The place where a particular population of a species lives.
What is a community?
The many different species that live together in a habitat.
Of what consists an ecosystem?
Consists of a community and all the physical aspects of its habitat, such as soil, water and weather.
What are the abiotic factors?
The physical aspects of a habitat.
What are the biotic factors?
The organisms in a habitat.
What components of an ecosystem are NOT part of a community?
The abiotic factors, like soil and other non-living things.
From what words comes the name “Ecology”, and what they mean?
Oikos= "house" or "place where on lives" Logos= "study of" Ecology= "study of habitats"
What is biodiversity?
The variety of organisms, their genetic differences, and the communities and ecosystems in which they occur.
What is ecology?
The study of interactions of living organisms with one another and with their physical environment.
What is called primary productivity?
The rate at which organic material is produced by photosynthetic organisms in an ecosystem. This determines the amount of energy available in an ecosystem.
Which organisms are the producers?
The ones that first capture energy, like plants, some types of bacteria and algae.
Which organisms are the consumers?
The ones that consume plants or other organisms to obtain the energy necessary to build their molecules.
What is called a food chain?
The path of energy through the tropic levels of an ecosystem.
What organisms occupy the first tropic level?
The producers that get their energy from the sun.
What animals occupy the second tropic level?
The herbivores, animals that eat plants or other primary producers. These are the primary consumers.
What animals occupy the third trophic level?
The secondary consumers, animals that eats other animals. These may be carnivores or omnivores.
What are detritivores? Which organisms are known as decomposers?
Organisms that obtain their energy from the organic wastes and dead bodies that are produced at all trophic levels.
Bacteria and fungi, because they cause decay.
Of what is composed the fourth trophic level?
Of those carnivores that consume other carnivores. They are called tertiary consumers, or too carnivores.
What is called a food web?
A group of interconnected food chains.
What is an energy pyramid?
A diagram in which each trophic level is represented by a block, and the blocks are stacked on top of one another, with the lowest trophic level at the bottom.
What is the amount of energy passed from one trophic level to another?
It’s a tenth of the energy. So from the energy producers have, primary consumers only get 1/10 of it. From the energy of the primary consumer the second only get 1/10, making it 1/100 of the original energy of the producer.
What is biomass?
The dry weight of tissue and other organic matter found in a specific ecosystem.
How producers differ from consumers?
Producers get their energy from the sun, the consumers get their energy from the producers, making it a cycle that goes sun->producers->consumers
What are the four trophic levels?
First: producers
Second: primary consumers, herbivores
Third: secondary consumers, omnivores or carnivores
Fourth: tertiary consumers, carnivores that eat carnivores
