Ultrasound

Question 1

Vascular probe versus abdominal probe?

Answer 1

Less depth/better resolution versus more depth/worse resolution

Question 2

Pleural effusion versus pericardial effusion on ultrasound?

Answer 2

Pleural effusions never cross the midline and are ANTERIOR to descending aorta

Pericardial effusions cross midline and are POSTERIOR to the descending aorta

Question 3

View to look at the pulmonary artery for signs of clot?

Answer 3

Parasternal short

Question 4

McConnell’s sign? Signifies?

Answer 4

Right ventricular hypokinesis in apical four chambered view

PE

Question 5

IVC diameter suggesting patient is likely to be fluid responsive

Answer 5

> 2 cm

Question 6

In lower extremity Doppler’s, can rule out DVT if?

Answer 6

#Compressible
#No echogenicity
#Normal flow
#Augmentability with Valsalva

Question 7

Lung ultrasound – signs of pneumothorax?

Pulmonary edema?

Answer 7

Barcode sign in M-mode (no “sea” in “seashore”)

3+ B-lines

Question 8

Lung ultrasound – signs of consolidation?

Answer 8

#Hepatization
#Shred sign (B-lines after hyperechoic line)
#Sinusoid signed in M-mode

Question 9

A-lines - appearance? caused by?

Answer 9

Deep Horizontal lines that are reflection of the pleural lines

Ultrasound waves bouncing back-and-forth between pleural lines and probe