Ultrasound

Question 1

Between what hertz is ultrasound?

Answer 1

20kHz to 20 MHz

Question 2

What is the equation for frequency?

Answer 2

f= 1/T

Question 3

Downside of higher frequency in ultrasound? Upside?

Answer 3

cannot penetrate as deeply but better resolution

Question 4

What does C5-1 mean on the probe?

Answer 4

5 megahertz to 1 megahertz

Question 5

average speed of sound inside of soft tissue?

Answer 5

1540 m/s

Question 6

What is acoustic impedance?

Answer 6

reflection of a sound wave whenever the beam encounters an interface formed by two tissues having different acoustic impedance

Question 7

better acoustic impedance = better what?

Answer 7

degree of reflection

Question 8

specular vs diffuse reflection

Answer 8

specular- smooth, diffuse- scattering

Question 9

Attenuation

Answer 9

decrease in sound amplitude with increasing distance traveled

Question 10

Does higher or lower frequencies attenuate faster?

Answer 10

higher

Question 11

Whiter things have a greater or lesser strength of reflection?

Answer 11

greater

Question 12

What is the ALARA principle?

Answer 12

As Low As Reasonably Acheivable

Question 13

For refraction of a sound wave to occur, which of the following must occur?

Answer 13

The incident sound wave is non-perpendicular to the interface and
The speed of sound must be different on the two sides of the interface

Question 14

What is a transducer?

Answer 14

Something that converts one form of energy to another.

Question 15

What is an example of continue echo?

Answer 15

Doppler and fetal heart tones

Question 16

Footprint

Answer 16

what touches the body of the patient

Question 17

Sector image

Answer 17

slice of pie image

Question 18

What is the unit of measurement for Power Output?

Answer 18

decibels

Question 19

An increase or decrease of the intensity by 3 dB will multiply or divde the intensity by ____?

Answer 19

2

Question 20

Does icreasing gain increase acoustical exposure to the patient?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

What is gain?

Answer 21

degree of amplifying returning sound

Question 22

what do slide pods ?

Answer 22

change the gain at specific depths

Question 23

Where do youwant the focal zone to be?

Answer 23

at the target structure

Question 24

Where should the desired structure be on the screen?

Answer 24

in the middle

Question 25

write vs read zoom

Answer 25

write is a true zoom

Question 26

What is a harmonic frequency?

Answer 26

higher frequency multiple

Question 27

What is compound imaging?

Answer 27

combining multiple lines of sight to create a single image, may minimize shadowign

Question 28

M-mode, what is it used for?

Answer 28

motion mode; to detect the presence or absence of motion

Question 29

What frequency of transducer would you use for a deeper structure?

Answer 29

1-5 MHz

Question 30

Time gain compensation

Answer 30

varying levels of gain

Question 31

reverberations artifacts

Answer 31

multiple layers equally apart from sound bouncing between two strong reflectors

Question 32

What can produce ring down (comet tail) artifacts?

Answer 32

metal and air

Question 33

clean shadowing vs dirty shadowing

Answer 33

c- calcified structures; d- gaseous structures

Question 34

posterior enhancement

Answer 34

sound beam passes through fluid filled structure with resultant increase in amplitude distally

Question 35

exophytic

Answer 35

growing outward

Question 36

what causes posterior enhancement?

Answer 36

lack of attenuation

Question 37

isoechoic

Answer 37

structures have the same echogenicity

Question 38

Can something be both hypo and hyper echoic?

Answer 38

yes, it's all relative

Question 39

Are acute fluid bleeds always black?

Answer 39

no

Question 40

Between what two structures is a pericardial effusion between?

Answer 40

parietal and visceral pericardium