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UN economic Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the theme of the international expert group meeting held in November 2019?

A

Peace, justice and strong institutions: the role of indigenous peoples in implementing Sustainable Development Goal 16

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2
Q

How many times are indigenous peoples referred to in the 2030 Agenda on Sustainable Development?

A

Six times

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3
Q

What does Sustainable Development Goal 16 aim to promote?

A

Peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, providing access to justice for all, and building effective, accountable and inclusive institutions

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4
Q

What historical framework does Sustainable Development Goal 16 build upon?

A

The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples

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5
Q

Which target of Sustainable Development Goal 16 focuses on the rule of law?

A

Target 16.3

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6
Q

Fill in the blank: Sustainable Development Goal 16 includes the principle of ________ in decision-making.

A

inclusive participation and representation

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7
Q

What must end for truly lasting peace according to the document?

A

Marginalization of and discrimination against indigenous peoples, and expropriation of their lands

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8
Q

Which article of the United Nations Declaration addresses the right to self-determination?

A

Article 4

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9
Q

True or False: The 2030 Agenda includes specific references to indigenous peoples that were absent in the Millennium Development Goals.

A

True

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10
Q

What are some key issues addressed by Sustainable Development Goal 16 that are relevant to indigenous peoples?

A

Access to non-discriminatory and inclusive justice, recognition of indigenous institutions, free, prior and informed consent, and rights to lands, territories, and resources

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11
Q

What is one of the main aims of the expert group meeting on Sustainable Development Goal 16?

A

To discuss issues affecting indigenous peoples in the context of peace and justice

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12
Q

What does Article 19 of the United Nations Declaration require from States regarding indigenous peoples?

A

Consult and cooperate in good faith to obtain their free, prior and informed consent

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues focuses on the theme of ________ for its annual expert group meetings.

A

Peace, justice and strong institutions

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14
Q

What are the consequences of historical injustices on indigenous peoples as noted in the meeting?

A

Continued marginalization and lack of recognition of their identity and existence

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15
Q

Which country hosted the expert group meeting in November 2019?

A

Thailand

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16
Q

What is one of the challenges faced by indigenous peoples in Thailand as mentioned in the document?

A

Non-recognition of the term ‘indigenous peoples’

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17
Q

True or False: The document states that the implementation of peace accords between Governments and indigenous peoples has been fully successful.

A

False

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18
Q

What does Article 5 of the United Nations Declaration state about indigenous peoples?

A

They have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinct institutions while participating in the political life of the State

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19
Q

What significant role does Sustainable Development Goal 16 articulate regarding governance?

A

The key role of governance and the rule of law in promoting peaceful, just, and inclusive societies

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20
Q

What is the main goal of the United Nations in relation to indigenous peoples as per the document?

A

To ensure the recognition of indigenous peoples’ rights and institutions

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: The principle of ________ is central to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 16.

A

subsidiarity

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22
Q

What does the principle of subsidiarity facilitate in relation to local governance?

A

Greater access at all levels and allows local communities and indigenous peoples to have a greater voice in local government.

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23
Q

What is the role of the United Nations regarding the Sustainable Development Goals and indigenous peoples?

A

To leave no one behind and provide support to Governments in attaining that objective.

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24
Q

Which document asserts the rights of indigenous peoples?

A

The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.

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25
Name the three mechanisms specific to indigenous issues within the United Nations.
* Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues * Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples * Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
26
What is the significance of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in relation to indigenous peoples?
It offers new opportunities for the implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
27
What does effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions mean for indigenous peoples?
Participation in State institutional mechanisms and recognition of their own indigenous institutions and systems.
28
What is the basis of indigenous peoples' culture and identity?
Land.
29
Fill in the blank: Target 16.7 of the Sustainable Development Goals aims to ensure _______ at all levels.
responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making.
30
True or False: Indigenous peoples often face criminalization of their rights defenders.
True.
31
What issue did the 1962 citizenship law in Myanmar create for indigenous peoples?
Required birth certificates to prove citizenship, undermining oral histories.
32
What was the purpose of the national inquiry conducted by SUHAKAM in Malaysia?
To examine the root causes of the land issues facing indigenous peoples.
33
What is a key element of target 16.9 of the Sustainable Development Goals?
To provide legal identity for all, including birth registration.
34
What does the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples affirm about access to justice?
Indigenous peoples have the right to access to and prompt decision through just and fair procedures for conflict resolution.
35
What characterizes indigenous justice systems compared to ordinary justice systems?
Sources of law derive from oral histories, world views, and cultural traditions rather than codified laws.
36
What is the impact of lack of registration documents for indigenous peoples?
No access to State services, voting rights, or legal documentation.
37
Fill in the blank: National human rights institutions can play a key role in resolving _______.
conflicts.
38
What does legal pluralism refer to in the context of indigenous peoples?
The coexistence of indigenous institutions using customary laws with national institutions.
39
What issue disproportionately affects indigenous women in relation to citizenship?
Lack of access to basic health care and maternity services.
40
What has been a major issue among indigenous peoples in Malaysia?
Poverty and violations of customary land rights.
41
What is the key challenge faced by indigenous peoples regarding land claims?
Over 90% of indigenous peoples in Thailand face challenges in asserting and claiming their land rights.
42
What is the relationship between indigenous customary law and community well-being?
Indigenous customary law is based on collective rights and the good of the community.
43
True or False: Indigenous peoples are often seen as co-opted in proportional representation systems.
True.
44
What does the term 'invisibility' refer to in the context of indigenous peoples?
Being categorized as vulnerable and marginalized groups.
45
What role do oral history and land-mapping play for indigenous peoples?
Advancing negotiations and resolving land disputes.
46
What is a major factor contributing to rising inequalities in the Asia-Pacific region for indigenous peoples?
Increased displacement and being pushed behind.
47
Fill in the blank: The establishment of national human rights institutions is relatively _______ in some countries.
new.
48
What are the implications of the lack of adequate census data for indigenous peoples?
Misrepresentation and lack of recognition in State institutions.
49
What term describes the right to use and take care of the land, along with traditional knowledge and collective well-being?
Indigenous rights ## Footnote Indigenous rights are often foundational for the autonomy and cultural identity of indigenous peoples.
50
What did Ecuador's Constitution recognize in terms of legal systems?
16 different legal systems ## Footnote This recognition includes individual and collective human rights, customary law, and indigenous justice.
51
What challenges do indigenous justice systems face in relation to Western-centric systems?
Pressure from a Western-centric based system ## Footnote Indigenous justice systems often struggle to survive and thrive alongside imposed Western legal frameworks.
52
Why are indigenous justice systems essential for indigenous peoples?
They are essential for autonomy and collective and individual rights ## Footnote These systems also contribute to Sustainable Development Goal 16.
53
List some positive indicators associated with intact indigenous governance systems.
* Good indicators on human rights * Peace * Environmental protection ## Footnote Documentation of these indicators is important for recognizing the value of indigenous systems.
54
What is a significant characteristic of traditional indigenous justice systems?
They are generally based on oral history and clan relationships ## Footnote This dynamic nature allows them to evolve with societal changes.
55
True or False: Indigenous customary law is typically codified.
False ## Footnote Codification can hinder the adaptability of indigenous laws to changing circumstances.
56
What are some barriers to accessing justice for indigenous peoples?
* Physical accessibility * Cultural accessibility * Linguistic accessibility ## Footnote Lack of resources is a key stumbling block in many countries.
57
What recommendation did the Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples make regarding state justice systems?
States should consult and understand indigenous justice ## Footnote This includes compulsory training for legal professionals on indigenous justice.
58
What is a common perception of national justice systems among indigenous peoples?
They believe they always lose their cases ## Footnote This belief stems from the non-recognition of their customary law.
59
Fill in the blank: The case study on cattle rustling among pastoralist communities in northern Kenya illustrates the impact of _______ on indigenous justice.
lawlessness ## Footnote Lawlessness occurs when traditional justice systems are undermined and state justice is inadequate.
60
What factors can influence differing perceptions of justice among communities?
* Cultural differences * Urban vs rural perspectives ## Footnote These differences can lead to varying interpretations of justice.
61
What are important considerations in negotiating peace accords involving indigenous peoples?
* Focus on customary law * Written agreements * Third-party mediation ## Footnote These factors increase the chances of successful implementation.
62
True or False: Peace accords are always successfully implemented in practice.
False ## Footnote There is often a low success rate for peace accords, with only a 40% chance of success.
63
What is a key theme regarding Sustainable Development Goal 16 and indigenous peoples?
It forms the basis of the right to autonomy, self-governance, and indigenous culture ## Footnote This goal is crucial for the preservation and recognition of indigenous rights.
64
What should be included in the implementation of peace accords to ensure effectiveness?
* Political will * Engagement of indigenous women and youth ## Footnote Ownership of the negotiation process by all stakeholders is essential.
65
What is a recommended action for the United Nations regarding indigenous issues?
Establish a regional inter-agency working group on indigenous issues in Asia ## Footnote This mirrors similar successful initiatives in Latin America and Africa.
66
What type of data is essential for understanding the impacts on indigenous peoples under Sustainable Development Goal 16?
Disaggregated data on self-identified ethnicity ## Footnote This data helps identify those left behind more precisely.
67
What is a significant concern regarding development projects imposed on indigenous peoples?
Lack of free, prior, and informed consent ## Footnote Projects labeled as 'development for peace' can contradict indigenous development aims.
68
What role do land claims tribunals play in conflicts involving indigenous peoples?
They are a good practice for resolving land-related conflicts ## Footnote Examples include tribunals in Bangladesh, Canada, New Zealand, and Norway.
69
What is a crucial aspect of the implementation of peace accords for indigenous peoples?
Addressing the root causes of conflicts ## Footnote This ensures that peace accords are not merely superficial solutions.
70
Who was the former National Human Rights Commissioner of Thailand?
Tuenjai Deetes
71
What position does Madeline Anak Berma hold?
Commissioner, Human Rights Commission of Malaysia
72
Who is Edtami Mansayagan?
Vice-Chair of the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
73
What is the role of Naw Ei Ei Min?
Director of Promotion of Indigenous Nature, Myanmar
74
What was the main topic discussed on 20 November 2019 from 9 a.m. to 12 p.m.?
Access to justice for all
75
Who moderated the discussion on access to justice?
Renaud Meyer
76
Name one of the presenters on access to justice.
Victoria Tauli-Corpuz
77
What is Ramiro Ávila Santamaría's profession?
Judge at the Constitutional Court of Ecuador and Professor of Law
78
Who is the Chair of the Indigenous Peoples National Steering Committee on Climate Change in Kenya?
Silvia Museiya
79
What was the focus of the afternoon session on 20 November 2019?
Peace accords: protecting indigenous peoples’ social, cultural and political rights
80
Who moderated the afternoon session on peace accords?
Anne Nuorgam
81
Identify one presenter from the peace accords session.
Raja Devasish Roy
82
What organization does Medarda Castro represent?
Pawanka Fund and the Naleb Organization, Guatemala
83
What was the topic of the session on 21 November 2019 from 9 a.m. to 12 p.m.?
Identifying best practices and ways forward
84
Who moderated the session on identifying best practices?
Brian Keane
85
Name one discussant from the best practices session.
Gam Shimray
86
What position does Joseph Ole Simel hold?
Executive Director of the Mainyoito Pastoralists Integrated Development Organization
87
What role does Sakda Saenmi serve?
Director of Inter-Mountain Peoples Education and Culture
88
Who provided closing remarks at the sessions?
Kittisak Rattanakajangsri
89
What is Chandra Roy-Henriksen's position?
Chief of the Indigenous Peoples and Development Branch
90
True or False: The Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues held a session on climate change.
False
91
Fill in the blank: The session on peace accords was moderated by _______.
Anne Nuorgam

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