Understanding Child's Health

Question 1

Significant because the child’s health programs are being patterned to the normal growth and development of a child.

Becomes the framework or the basis in formulating the different child’s health programs.

Answer 1

Developmental Theories

Question 2

Dictates physical changes and features.

Refers to an increase in size.

Refers to consistent growing and an increase in value (height and weight)

Growth is mostly external.

These changes manifest over time based on improved nutrition and general well-being of a child.

Usually, growth ends at maturation. Continues until child reaches its physical maturity (achieved during adolescence period)

Answer 2

Growth

Question 3

Has a great effect on the physical changes of a child.

For example, family instability can affect a child’s proper growth because of a lack of proper nutrition.

Answer 3

Nutrition

Question 4

Refers to a process of gradual transformation (behavior, skills)

An internal process.

Dictates changes in the character of an individual.

Improvement in the level of functioning based on the acquisition of skills.

Identified and measured through a comprehensive evaluation of child’s performance.

Consistent process and continues throughout life.

Answer 4

Development

Question 5

An example of a scale that can measure development that measures or evaluates in relation to a child’s creativity and reasoning.

Answer 5

IQ Test

Question 6

Both growth and development can be

Answer 6

Quantitative

Question 7

Explains how a child changes and grows from conception to age 18.

There are several theories that can explain child development in terms of social, emotional, and cognitive growth.

Explains how and why people grow, learn, and act as they do.

Answer 7

Child Development

Question 8

1. Infancy - birth to 12 months.
2. Toddler - 12 months to 3 years.
3. Preschool - 3 years to 6 years.
4. School Age - 6 years to 12 years.
5. Adolescents - 12 years to 18 years.

Answer 8

Five Stages of Development

Question 9

0 to 30 days old.

Answer 9

Neonate

Question 10

Focus on explaining how children change and grow over the course of childhood.

Center on various aspects of development including social, emotional, and cognitive growth.

Provide a framework for thinking about human growth and learning.

Basis for development of health programs.

Answer 10

Child’s Development Theories

Question 11

Does not define several stages unlike the three.

Only explains that a certain behavior can be changed or modified by means of classical conditioning (reinforcement, repetition, learning, punishment)

Answer 11

Behavioral Theory

Question 12

1. Freud’s Psychosexual Theory
2. Erikson’s Psychosocial Developmental Theory
3. Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental Theory

Answer 12

Three Main Child’s Development Theories

Question 13

Sigmund Freud developed this theory.

Occurs in a series of stages focused on different pleasure areas of the body.

Theory suggested that the energy of the libido was focused on different erogenous zones at specific stages.

Children may encounter conflicts which play a significant role in the course of development.

Answer 13

Freud’s Psychosexual Theory

Question 14

Psychosexual energy or the driving force behind a specific behavior

Answer 14

Energy of the Libido

Question 15

Parts of the body which are sensitive to stimulation, pleasure areas in the different stages of this theory

Answer 15

Erogenous Zones

Question 16

Failing to resolve the conflicts of a particular stage can result in ________ that can then have an influence on adult behavior.

Answer 16

Fixations

Question 17

Each personality in each stage usually lasts for a couple of years until maturity is reached.

Each stage represents the individual with a unique challenge, and when successfully overcome, you acquire a fully mature personality. If the individual somehow fails the challenge of the stages, you will become fixated or stuck.

Answer 17

Freud’s Psychosexual Stages

Question 17

Each personality in each stage usually lasts for a couple of years until maturity is reached.

Each stage represents the individual with a unique challenge, and when successfully overcome, you acquire a fully mature personality. If the individual somehow fails the challenge of the stages, you will become fixated or stuck.

Answer 17

Freud’s Psychosexual Stages

Question 18

Birth to 1 year.

Erogenous zone: mouth

Infant’s primary source of interaction occurs through the mouth.

Infant usually gets its pleasure from oral stimulation, its gratification from tasting and sucking.

Since infancy is only from birth to 1 year, the child is dependent upon the caretaker (mother)

The child usually develops a sense of trust.

Answer 18

[Freud] Stage 1: Oral Stage

Question 19

Necessary for an infant because these are needed to fulfill the needs of the child or the need for feeding and nutrition.

Answer 19

Routing and Sucking Reflexes

Question 20

Weaning process - the child must become less dependent upon caretakers.

Answer 20

[Freud] Stage 1: Oral Stage Primary Conflict

Question 21

Provides the infant with oral satisfaction.

Main source of connection between the mother and child and for the satisfaction in terms of food.

Eventually, all infants have to be stopped and present the infant with his first conflict between his desire and reality as they are growing and need solid foods.

Answer 21

[Freud] Mother’s Breasts or Breastfeeding

Question 22

Child will develop oral character in which the child may feel dominated by feelings of dependency and hopelessness because of the harshness, incompleteness, or failure to be stopped.

Answer 22

[Freud] When child becomes fixated at oral stage

Question 23

If one is preoccupied with oral things (talking, eating, smoking, nail biting, drinking)

Answer 23

Signs of Fixation in Oral Stage

Question 24

1 to 3 years.

Erogenous zone: bowel and bladder control.

Primary focus of libido in this stage would be on controlling bowel (defecation) and bladder (urination) movements.

Answer 24

[Freud] Stage 2: Anal Stage

Question 25

The major conflict in this stage is toilet training

These are years wherein the child should learn how to be trained in the toilet or how to hold urination and defecation in proper time and place.

The child should learn how to control their bodily needs.

Answer 25

[Freud] Stage 2: Anal Stage Primary Conflict