Understanding the Self Flashcards
(96 cards)
1
Q
A way of thinking about certain subjects such as ethics, thought, existence, time, meaning and value.
* Deals with the problems of knowledge
A
PHILOSOPHY
2
Q
“COGITO ERGO SUM” - I think, therefore I am
A
DESCARTES
3
Q
5 PHILOSOPHERS
A
- Socrates
- Plato
- Aristotle
- St. Augustine
- Descartes
4
Q
“Know thyself”
A
SOCRATES
5
Q
Knowing others is ______. Knowing the self is ______.
A
WISDOM. ENLIGHTENMENT.
6
Q
Mastering others requires _______.
Mastering the self requires _______.
A
FORCE.
STRENGTH.
7
Q
Knowledge of oneself can be achieved only through _______
A
SOCRATIC METHOD
8
Q
TRUE OR FALSE
- Socrates is viewed by many as tye founding figure of Eastern Philosophy
A
FALSE - WESTERN PHILOSOPHY
9
Q
A method in which it is not conveying knowledge. Rather, asking questions after clarifying question until his students arrived at their own understanding.
A
SOCRATIC METHOD
10
Q
Plato is a dualist; there is both
_______ (soul) and ________. And it is the soul that knows the forms
A
Immaterial body (soul) Material body
11
Q
TRUE OR FALSE
Aristotle believed that the soul exist before birth and after death
A
FALSE. PLATO not ARISTOTLE
12
Q
According to Plato, soul (mind) is divided into 3 parts
1.
2.
3.
A
- Reason
- Appetite (physical urge)
- Will (emotions)
13
Q
Aristitle defined the soul as _______
A
The core essence of a living being
14
Q
TRUE OR FALSE
Aristotle did not consider the soul as some kind of separate, ghostly occupant of the body. Example, if a knife had a soul, the act of cutting would be that soul because “cutting” is the essence of what it is to be a knife.
A
TRUE
15
Q
Aristotle used his concept of the soul in many of his works like: the ______
A
DE ANIMA (On the Soul)
16
Q
According to St. Augustine, identity is achieved through a two fold process:
1.
2.
A
- Self presentation
2. Self realization
17
Q
It is the study of human social relationships and institutions.
A
SOCIOLOGY
18
Q
His theory is about “mind, self and society”
A
George Herbert Mead
19
Q
It is important to Mead about his social theory because this occurs within a communicative process.
A
ACTION
20
Q
In sociology, ______ is a relatively stable set of perceptions of who we are in relation to ourselves, others and to social systems.
A
SELF
21
Q
Give 3 names of sociologist:
1.
2.
3.
A
- George Herbert Mead
- Irving Goffman
- Charles Horton Cooley
22
Q
He was the 73rd president of the American Sociological Association and his best known contributions to social theory is the study of _______.
A
Irving Goffman.
Symbolic interaction
23
Q
5 major works of Irving Goffman:
A
- The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life (1956)
- Asylum (1961)
- Stigma (1963)
- Interaction Ritual (1967)
- Forms of Talk (1981)
24
Q
His theory is the “looking glass self”
A
Charles Horton Cooley
25
Cooley wrote that people's ideas of themselves have 3 principal elements:
1. Imagination of our appearance to the other person
2. Imagination of his judgment of that appearance
3. Self-feeling, such as pride or mortification
26
3 Activities that develop the self:
1. Language
2. Play
3. Game
27
TRUE OR FALSE
| Mead develops William James' distinction between the "I" and the "ME"
TRUE
28
It is more subjective and psychological phenomenon, referring to individuals' felection about themselves. This is the accumulated understanding of "the generalized other"; it is the self as the object; it is the "known"
ME SELF
29
This reflects what people see or perceive themselves doing in the physical world. This is the individuals impulses; it is the self as subject and it is the "knower"
I SELF
30
"Antropos" means ______
| "Logos" means _____
HUMAN
| STUDY
31
It is a study of the origins of humans, how we changes over the years, and how we relate to each orger, both within our own culture and with other people's culture as as well.
ANTHROPOLOGY
32
Different aspects of the human experience is called ______
Holism
33
Anthropologists have employed the term "identity (self" to refer to this idea of selfhood in a loosely ___________ which is the uniqueness and individuality that makes a person distinct from others.
ERIKSONIAN WAY (Erikson 1972)
34
It is a complex whole. It consists of knowledge, beliefs, ideas, habuts, attitudes, skills, abilities, values, norms, arts, laws etc. and other capabilities of a man.
CULTURE
35
It is what we called the blackhole; when we are not filling ourselves with live through our spirituak connection, its like a vacuum trying to pull love from others.
SELF-ABANDONMENT
36
It brings us into contact with different ways of life and challenges our awareness of just how arbitrary our own understanding of the world...
CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY
37
This guides or models of behavior which tells us what is appropriate or not appropriate.
NORMS
38
Everyday habits, customs, traditions, and conventions. Example, saying "po or opo"
FOLKWAYS
39
Are special customs with moral and ethical significance.
MORES
40
Give examples of negative mores
- abortion
- premarital sex
- same sex marriage
41
Examples of positive mores:
- tagasalo duties of panganay
| - the mother as the nurturer in the family
42
A formalized norms enacted by people vested with legitimate authority.
LAWS
43
IMPACTS OF THE CONCEPT OF CULTURE ON THE CONCEPT OF MAN BASIC PREMISES:
1. Marriage, economy, religion
2. What makes people/culture not the same
3. Culture is the "accumulated totality"
4. What man is capable of and how he actually behaves
44
TRUE OR FALSE
| - Majority of our language came from Chinese words
FALSE
45
TRUE OR FALSE
| - Fiesta, music, dresses, hairstyle and dance are part of Anthropology
TRUE
46
TRUE OR FALSE
| Bayanuhan is part of Indonesian culture
FALSE; FILIPINO CULTURE
47
It is the study of scientific behavior and mental processes. It seeks to describe, explain, predict and control behavior and mental processes of an individual.
PSYCHOLOGY
48
A philosopher and psychologist who first postulate a THEORY OF THE SELF in THE PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOLOGY
William James
49
2 aspects of the self:
1. I SELF
| 2. ME SELF
50
3 components of Me Self:
1. The material self
2. The social self
3. The spiritual self
51
This is who we actually are. It is about how we think, feel, look and act.
REAL SELF
52
This is how we want to be. We developed this over time based on what we have learned and experience.
IDEAL SELF
53
Examples of I Self that people see and perceived given by William James
1. Walking
2. Eating
3. Writing
54
People who like to learn new things and enjoy new experiences.
OPENNESS
55
They are reliable and prompt. Traits include organized, methodic, and thourough.
CONSCIENTIOUSNESS
56
They get their energy from interacting with others, while introverts get their energy from themselves. Traits: energetic, talkative and assertive.
EXTRAVERSION
57
They are friendlt, cooperative and compassionate. People who are low with this are more distant.
AGREEABLENESS
58
Also sometimes called Emotional Stability. It relates to one's emotional stability and degree of negative emotions. Traits include: moody and tense
NEUROTICISM
59
According to Bandura's Socio Cognitive view or personality,
| He viewed people as ______ or originator of experience
AGENT
60
According to Bandura's Socio Cognitive view or personality,
It is the ability to act and make things in reality; "the human capability to exert influence over one's functioning and the course of events by one's actions."
HUMAN AGENCY
61
These are the parents who are strict and warm; they demand mature behavior but use reason rather than force.
AUTHORITATIVE PARENTS
62
Parents who are rigid in their rules and who demand obedience for the sake of obedience.
AUTHORITARIAN PARENTS
63
Parents who impose few. If any, and who do not supervise their children closely.
PERMISSIVE PARENTS
64
Parents who generally leave their children to themselves.
INVOLVED PARENTS
65
He proposed social learning theory which emphasizes the importance of observing, modelling and imitating the behaviors, attitudes and emotional reactions of others.
ALBERT BANDURA
66
4 CORE PROPERTIES OF HUMAN AGENCY
1. Intentionality
2. Forethought
3. Self Reactiveness
4. Self Reflection
67
Deals with the forming of intentions thet include "action plans and strategies for realizing them"
Intentionality
68
Involves the "temporal extension of agency" by setting goals and anticipating future events.
Forethought
69
Broadens the role of the agent to be more than just "planners and fore-thinkers" and includes process of self-management and self motivation, as well as emotional states.
Self-Reactiveness
70
Refers to self-examinung nature of human agents. Through self awareness, the reflect on their personal efficacy...
Self-reflection
71
TRUE OR FALSE
| Independence and self-reliance are greatly stressed and valued.
TRUE
72
It describes the manner in which a thing is identified as distinguished from other things.
PRINCIPLE OF INDIVIDUATION or
| PRINCIPIUM INDIVIDUATIONIS
73
He is the founder of Analytical Psychology, Theory of Collective Unconscious.
Carl Gustav Jung
74
This is brought into consciousness (by means of dreams, active imagination or free association) to be assimilated into the whole personality.
Collective unconscious
75
He developed a theory of individual and collective individuation in which the individual subject is considered as an effect of individuation rather than a cause.
Gilbert Simond
76
A connections of oneself to experiences in the physical environment
Ecological self
77
Connections of oneself to others through verbal or nonverbal communication, comprise direct perception of experience
Interpersonal self
78
According to Neisser, these are the 2 types of self-representation develop eary in infancy
1. Ecological self
| 2. Interpersonal self
79
Accdg. To Neisser these are the 3 types of self-representation thet emerge in LATER INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD
1. Extended self
2. Private self
3. Conceptual self
80
Parallel terms of "conceptual self"
Self-concept or Self-schema
81
Type of self representation in which it is based on memories of one's past experiences and expectations for the future.
Extended self
82
Type of self representation in which it emerges with the understanding that one's experiences are not directly perceived by others, but rather must be communicated to he shared.
Private self
83
Type of self representation in which, one's overarching theory or schema about oneself based on one's reflection on experience...
Conceptual self
84
In 1977, a psychologist named ________ showed that one's self representation or self schema guides information processing and influences one's behavior.
Hazel Markus
85
It is an understanding you have of yourself that's based on your personal experiences, body image, the thoughts you have about yourself, and how you tend to label yourself in different situations.
Self-conceptualization
86
A value that is characterized by emphasis on cohesiveness among individuals and prioritization of the group over the self.
Collectivism
87
Arguments of Confucius:
| 4 beginnings, if put in western framework of thinking, may be called 'pre-self' or 'potential self'
A. Heart of compassion - leads to Jen
B. Heart of righteousness - leads to Yi
C. Heart of propriety - leads to Li
D. Heart of wisdom - leads to Chih
88
TRUE OR FALSE
| Individualist is typically reflect Eastern ideas
FALSE; WESTERN IDEAS
89
TRUE OR FALSE
| Collectivist is typically reflect Eastern ideas
TRUE
90
Characteristics of an Individualist
- Independent
- Self reliant
- Achievement oriented
- Competitive
- Self assured
91
Characteristics of Collectivist
- Socially interdependent
- Connected
- Self sacrificing
- Cooperative
- Obedient
- Sensitive
92
Individualism or Collectivism
| I often do my "own thing"
Individualism
93
Individualism or Collectivism
| When I succeed, it is usually because of my abilities
Individualism
94
Individualism or Collectivism
| If a coworker gets a prize, I would be proud
Collectivism
95
Individualism or Collectivism
| If a relative were in financial difficulty, I would help within my means
Collectivism
96
Individualism or Collectivism
| One should live one's life independent of others
Individualism
