understanding what we are

Question 1

what is anatomy?

Answer 1

Anatomy: is the study of body parts and their relationships to one another. Three components of anatomy are gross (macroscopic), Microscopic, and developmental.

Question 2

what is physiology?

Answer 2

the study of the function of the body’s structural machinery

Question 3

what is gross anatomy (macroscopic)

Answer 3

regional: all structures in one part of the body
systemic: gross anatomy of the body studied by system
surface: study of internal structures at they relate to the overlying skin

Question 4

What are the six components of The Hierarchy of yourself

Answer 4

1. chemical: atoms combine to form molecules
2. Cellular: cells are made of molecules
3. Tissue: consists of similar types of cells
4. Organ: made up of different types of tissues
5. organ system: consists of different organs that work closely together
6. Organism: made up of the organ systems

Question 5

Integumentary system structures and functions

Answer 5

structures: skin, hair, sweat and oil glands
functions: forms external body covering
- protects deeper tissues from injury
- involved in vitamin d synthesis
- prevents desiccation, heat loss, and pathogen entry
- site of pain and pressure receptors

Question 6

Skeletal system structures and functions

Answer 6

structures: 206 bones of the human body
functions: protects and supports organs
- provides a framework that muscles can use to create movement
- hematopoiesis (synthesis of blood cells)
-mineral storage, bones contain 99% of the body’s calcium

Question 7

Muscular system structures and functions

Answer 7

structures: the 600+ muscles of the body
functions: locomotion
- manipulation of the environment
- maintaining posture
- thermogenesis (generation of heat)

Question 8

Nervous system structures and functions

Answer 8

Structures: brain, spinal cord & nerves
functions: fast action control system of body
monitors the internal & external environment and then responds if necessary

Question 9

Endocrine system structures and functions

Answer 9

structure: hormone secreting glands: pituitary, thyroid, thymus, pineal, intestine, stomach, testes, ovaries, kidneys and heart
functions: long term control system of the body
regulates growth, reproduction, and nutrient use among other things.

Question 10

Hematologic system structures and functions

Answer 10

Structures: blood and its components (red blood cells, white, platelets)
function: transports nutrients/gases
fights infection and clots blood to prevent hemorrhage

Question 11

Cardiac & Vascular systems structures and functions

Answer 11

structures: heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries)
functions: the heart pumps blood thru the blood vessels
maintains blood pressure

Question 12

Lymphatic & immune system structures and functions

Answer 12

structures: lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, red bone marrow
functions: returns leaked fluid back to the bloodstream
disposal of debris and attacking &resisting forgiven invaders

Question 13

Digestive system structures and functions

Answer 13

structures: organ cavity, esophagus, stomach, small/large intestine, rectum, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, gallbladder
functions: ingestion and breakdown of food into absorbable units that will enter the blood for distribution to the body’s cells

Question 14

Respiratory system structures and functions

Answer 14

structures: nose cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
functions: constantly supplied blood with O2 and removes CO2 and regulates blood pH

Question 15

Urinary system structures and function

Answer 15

structures: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
functions: removal of water-soluble wastes
regulation of body’s levels of water, electrolytes & acidity

Question 16

Reproductive system structures and function

Answer 16

structures:
-female: ovary, Fallopian tube, uterus, cervix, vagina, mammary glands
Male: testes, scrotum, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, protest gland, penis
Function: production of offspring