Unit 09 Flashcards
(17 cards)
What do restriction enzymes do?
Cut DNA at specific spots.
What is a DNA fingerprint?
DNA band pattern from gel electrophoresis.
What is a transgenic organism?
An organism with a gene from another species.
What is a capsid?
Protein shell that protects virus DNA/RNA.
What is a bacteriophage?
A virus that infects bacteria.
What is a viral envelope?
Outer layer with glycoproteins to help viruses stick to cells.
What is antibiotic resistance?
Bacteria survive antibiotics and keep growing.
What is a pathogen?
A germ that causes disease (virus or bacteria).
What is penicillin?
An antibiotic that kills bacteria, not viruses
What is binary fission?
Asexual reproduction used by bacteria.
What is a retrovirus?
A virus with RNA that makes DNA using reverse transcriptase.
What is HIV?
A retrovirus that destroys helper T cells and can lead to AIDS.
What do antibiotics kill?
Bacteria only.
Name 3 beneficial effects of bacteria.
• Make nutrients/vitamins
• Fix nitrogen
• Break down waste and pollutants
What’s similar about archaea and bacteria?
Both are single-celled prokaryotes.
What’s different between archaea and bacteria?
Bacteria have peptidoglycan in cell walls; archaea have different lipids.
Where do archaea live?
In extreme places (acidic, hot, salty, or deep sea).
