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Nursing Assisting > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

0
Q

_

c

A

with

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1
Q

res

A

resident

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2
Q

_

s

A

without

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3
Q

pt.

A

patient

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4
Q

_

p

A

after

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5
Q

SBA

A

stand by assist

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6
Q

VS

A

vital signs

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7
Q

PRN or prn

A

As needed

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8
Q

C/O

A

complains of

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9
Q

BID

A

twice a day

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10
Q

TID

A

three times a day

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11
Q

QID

A

Four times a day

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12
Q

dx

A

diagnosis

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13
Q

OOB

A

out of bed

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14
Q

pc

A

after meals

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15
Q

HOB

A

head of bed

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16
Q

R/T

A

related to

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17
Q

(Triangle)

A

change

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18
Q

r/o

A

rule out

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19
Q

BRP

A

bathroom privileges

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20
Q

cc

A

cubic centimeters

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21
Q

ml

A

milliliters

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22
Q

ADL

A

activities of daily living

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23
Q

amb.

A

ambulate

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24
Q

q

A

every

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25
Q

O2

A

oxygen

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26
Q

HTN

A

Hypertension

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27
Q

assisted living

A

A residence for people who require some help with daily care, but who need less care than a long-term care facility offers.

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28
Q

chain of command

A

the order of authority within a facility

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29
Q

delegation

A

transferring authority to a person for a specific task

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30
Q

dementia

A

The loss of mental abilities, such as thinking, remembering, reasoning, and communicating

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31
Q

hospice care

A

Care for people who have approximately six months or less to live; care I’d available until the person dies

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32
Q

liability

A

a legal term that a person can be held responsible for harming someone else

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33
Q

long-term care

A

24 hour care provided for people with ongoing conditions who are generally unable to manage their ADLs

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34
Q

professionalism

A

the act of behaving properly for a certain job

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35
Q

rehabilitation

A

a program of care given by a specialist or a team of specialists to restore or improve function after an illness injury

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36
Q

skilled care

A

medically-necessary care given by a skilled nurse or therapist

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37
Q

Nursing home

A

LTC - long term care

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38
Q

LTC

A

A long term care facility is the residents home. Treat their rooms and possessions with respect

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39
Q

Dementia is not

A

a normal part of aging

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40
Q

active neglect

A

Intentionally :: purposely harming a person physically, mentally, or emotionally by failing to provide needed care

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41
Q

passive neglect

A

Not intentional :: unintentionally harming a person physically, mentally, or emotionally by failing to provide needed care

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42
Q

advanced directives

A

legal documents that allow people to decide what kind of medical care they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves

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43
Q

assault

A

The act of threatening to touch a person without his or her consent

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44
Q

battery

A

Touching a person without his or her consent

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45
Q

civil law

A

Private law; law between individuals

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46
Q

criminal law

A

public law; related to committing a crime against the community

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47
Q

coercion

A

use of force

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48
Q

ethics

A

The knowledge of right and wrong; standards of conduct

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49
Q

HIPPA (health insurance portability and accountability act)

A

Privacy ; a federal law that sets standards for protecting the privacy of patients health information.

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50
Q

mandated reporters

A

people who are required to report suspected or observed abuse or neglect due to their regular contact with vulnerable populations, such as the elderly in long- term care facilities

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51
Q

OBRA ( Omnibus budget reconciliation act )

A

Federal law that includes minimum standard of care

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52
Q

Ombudsman

A

Person assigned by law as the legal advocate for residents

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53
Q

DNR

A

Do not resuscitate = (/) code

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54
Q

Active listening

A

A way of communicating that involves giving a person your full attention while he is speaking and encouraging him to give information and clarify ideas; includes nonverbal communication

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55
Q

Body language

A

All of the conscious or unconscious messages your body sends as you communicate, such as facial expressions, shrugging your shoulders, and wringing your hands

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56
Q

Nonverbal communication

A

Communication without using words, such as making gestures and facial expressions

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57
Q

Objective information

A

Factual information collected using the senses of sight, hearing, smell, and touch; also called signs

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58
Q

Subjective information

A

Information collected from residents, their family members and friends; information may or may not be true, but is what the person reported; also called symptoms

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59
Q

Vital signs

A

Measurement- temperature, pulse, respirations,, blood pressure, pain level - that monitor the functioning of the vital organs of the body

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60
Q

90% of communication is

A

Nonverbal

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61
Q

Normal part of aging

A

Lose ability to hear high pitched frequencies

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62
Q

Talk

A

Low and slow

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63
Q

Last sense to go

A

Hearing

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64
Q

Hyper

A

Excessive / up / high

65
Q

Hypo

A

Below / down

66
Q

A (in front of a word)

A

Without or not

67
Q

Brady

A

Slow

68
Q

Tachy

A

Fast

69
Q

Dys

A

Abnormal - labor

70
Q

Body fluids

A

Tears, saliva, sputum (mucus coughed up) urine, feces, semen, vaginal secretions, pus or other wound drainage, and vomit

71
Q

C. Diff - C. Difficile - clostridium difficile

A

A bacterial illness that can cause diarrhea and colitis; spread by spires in feces that are difficult to kill

72
Q

Contaminated

A

Solid, unclean; having disease-causing organisms or infectious material on it

73
Q

Hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses and other factors, such as alcohol abuse, some medications, and trauma

74
Q

Microbe

A

A tiny living thing visible only by microscope; also called a micro-organism

75
Q

MRSA - methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

A

An infection caused by specific bacteria that has become resistant to many antibiotics

76
Q

Normal flora

A

Microorganisms that normally live and on the body and do not cause harm in a healthy person, as long as the flora remain in or at that particular area

77
Q

Pathogen

A

Microorganisms that cause sickness / Microorganisms that are capable of causing infection and disease

78
Q

PPE

A

personal protective equipment - a barrier between a person and pathogens; includes gloves, gowns, masks, goggles and a face shield

79
Q

Nosocomial

A

Hospital acquired infection

80
Q

2 kinds of microbes

A 
Normal flora (good) 
Pathogens (bad)
81
Q

4 types of Pathogens

A
  • bacteria (tb)
  • virus (flu)
  • parasites (scabies)
  • fungi (yeast)
82
Q

Bugs like 3 things..

A
  • warm
  • dark
  • moist
83
Q

Itis

A

Inflammation

84
Q

Inflammation consists of 4 things..

A
  • pain
  • heat
  • redness
  • swelling
85
Q

Chain of infection..

A
  1. Causative agent
  2. Reservoir
  3. Portal of exit
  4. Mode of transmission
  5. Portal of entry
  6. Susceptible host
86
Q

Easiest way to break the chain of infection

A

Wash hands

87
Q

Wash you hands for..

A

20 seconds / 2 inches above the wrist

88
Q

The 2 “bad bugs”

A

Staph - MRSA

Strep

89
Q

4 types of isolation

A

Standard
Contact
Droplet
Airborne

90
Q

Angina pectoris

A

Chest pain, pressure, or discomfort

91
Q

Anti-embolic stockings

A

Special stockings used to help prevent swelling and blood clots and aid circulation; also called elastic stockings

92
Q

Artery

A

Vessel that carries blood away from the heart

93
Q

Capillaries

A

extremely small blood vessels that transports blood from arteries to veins.

94
Q

CHF

A

Congestive heart failure

95
Q

CHF - congestive heart failure

A

A condition in which the heart muscle is damaged and fails to pump effectively

96
Q

Diastole

A

Phase when heart muscle relaxes

97
Q

Hypoxia

A

A condition in which the body does bit receive enough oxygen

98
Q

Ischemia

A

A lack of blood supply to an area

99
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

Medication that releases the walls of the coronary arteries

100
Q

Occlusion

A

A complete obstruction of a blood vessel

101
Q

PVD

A

Peripheral vascular disease

102
Q

PVD peripheral vascular disease

A

A condition in which the legs, feet, arms or hands do not have enough blood circulation

103
Q

Systole

A

Phase where the heart is at work, contracting and pushing blood out of the left ventricle

104
Q

Vein

A

Vessel that carries blood to the heart

105
Q

Arteries carry

A

O2 rich blood

106
Q

Veines carry

A

O2 poor blood

107
Q

SA NODE

A

Body’s pacemaker - tells ventricles to push blood

108
Q

Normal o2 saturation

A

97-100%

109
Q

SA NODE normal bpm

A

60 - 90

110
Q

Dysrhythmia / atrial fibrillation ..

A

Abnormal heartbeat :: Blood not moving = clots

111
Q

Normal age-related changes for the circulatory system

A
  • heart pumps less efficiently
  • blood vessels narrow
  • blood vessels become less elastic
112
Q

Exacerbation

A

Sudden worsening of a pre-existing condition

113
Q

Diuretic

A

Forces excess water out of your system

114
Q

Cardiac problems cause..

A

Respiratory symptoms

115
Q

Cardiomegaly

A

Enlarged heart - caused by overworking it

116
Q

Side effects of NTG

A
  • stings under tongue
  • massive headache wont feel better with Tylenol, lasts for about an hr
  • sudden, dramatic drop in blood pressure
117
Q

MI - myocardial infarction

A

Heart attack

118
Q

Infarction

A

Tissue death

119
Q

Myo

A

Muscle

120
Q

Vasodilator

A

Open up the vessels /make big

121
Q

Anti-embolic / elastic stocking go on and off ….

A

On in the morning, when lying down . Off at night

122
Q

Pulmonary embolism

A

Clot in the lung

123
Q

80

Meaning of top and bottom number

A

Top - systole / systolic pressure

Bottom - diastole / diastolic pressure (mmhg)

124
Q

Mmhg

A

Millimeters of mercury

125
Q

Apical pulse

A

The pulse on the left side of the chest, just below the nipple

126
Q

Apnea

A

The absence of breathing

127
Q

BPM

A

The medical abbreviation for “beats per minute”

128
Q

Brachial pulse

A

The pulse inside the elbow about 1 to 1.5 inches above the elbow

129
Q

Bradycardia

A

A slow heart rate- under 60 BPM

130
Q

Cheyne-stokes respiration

A

Type of respiration with periods of apnea lasting at least 10 seconds along with alternating periods of slow irregular respiration and rapid shallow respirations

131
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficultly breathing

132
Q

Orthopnea

A

Shortness of breath when lying down that is relieved by sitting up

133
Q

Prehypertension

A

A systolic pressure of 120 to 139 mm Hg or a diastolic pressure of between 80 and 89 mm Hg. indicator that the person is likely to have high blood pressure in the future, even though he or she does bot have it now.

134
Q

Radial pulse

A

The pulse on the inside of the wrist where the radial artery runs just beneath the skin

135
Q

Respiration

A

The process of inhaling air into the lungs (inspiration) and exhaling air out of the lungs (expiration)

136
Q

Systolic

A

First measurement of blood pressure; phase when the heart is at work, contracting and pushing blood out of the left ventricle

137
Q

Tachycardia

A

A fast heartbeat - over 100 BPM

138
Q

Vital signs -VS

A

Measurements (body temperature, pulse, respirations, blood pressure and pain level) that monitor the function of the vital organs of the body

139
Q

Vital signs

A
  • B/P
  • Pulse
  • Respirations
  • Temperature
140
Q

Normal pulse

A

60-100

141
Q

Temperature taking -most accurate to least ..

A

ROTA

  • Rectal - 99.6* (R)
  • Oral - 98.6*
  • Tympanic (EAR) - 97.6* (T)
  • Axillary (ARMPIT) - 97.6* (A)
142
Q

Insert rectal how many inches

A

1/2 - 1 inch

143
Q

What said should the lay when doing rectal ??

A

Left

144
Q

When counting apical BPM count ..

A

Full 60 seconds

145
Q

Counting BPM

A

30 seconds X 2 = BPM

146
Q

Pulse deficit

A

Apical (minus) radial

147
Q

Respirations - normal

A

12-20 bpm (breaths per min)

148
Q

1 breath =

A

1 inhale and 1 exhale

149
Q

Cheyne-strokes

A

End of life breathing pattern

150
Q

Normal B/P

A

Less than 120/80

151
Q

High blood pressure -HTN- hypertension

A

140/90

152
Q

Pre-hypertension

A

139/89

153
Q

Hypotension

A

Low blood pressure measuring 100/60 or lower

154
Q

Orthostastic hypotension

A

Postural

155
Q

Postural(s)

A

O—– laying down

O
|__ sitting up
|

O standing up
|

156
Q

Sphygmomanometer readings (lines)

A

Each line 2 mmHg

157
Q

Scale reading (lines)

A

Each line .25 lbs

158
Q

Thermometer reading (lines)

A

.2*

159
Q

With sphygmomanometer always round to an…

A

Even number

Nursing Assisting (1 decks)

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