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HTHS 1110 > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

Physiology

A

Study of the function of the human body

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2
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of the structure of the human body

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3
Q

Embryology

A

First 8 weeks of development

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4
Q

Developmental Biology

A

All stages of development

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5
Q

Cell Biology

A

Cell structure and functions

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6
Q

Histology

A

Microscopic structure of tissues

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7
Q

Surface Anatomy

A

Surface markings of the body observed through visualization and palpation

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8
Q

Gross Anatomy

A

Structures viewed without a microscope

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9
Q

System Anatomy

A

Structures of specific systems

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10
Q

Regional Anatomy

A

structures of specific regions of the body

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11
Q

Radiographic Anatomy

A

Structures viewed with CT, X-ray, or MRI

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12
Q

Pathological Anatomy

A

Structural changes with disease

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13
Q

Neurophysiology

A

Functional properties of nerve cells

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14
Q

Endocrinology

A

Hormones and how they control function within the body

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15
Q

Cardiovascular Physiology

A

Function of the heart and blood vessels

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16
Q

Immunology

A

How the body defends itself against disease carrying bodies

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17
Q

Respiratory Physiology

A

Function of air passageways and lungs

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18
Q

Renal Physiology

A

Functions of the kidney

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19
Q

Exercise Physiology

A

Change within cell of organ function caused by a change in muscular activity

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20
Q

Pathophysiology

A

changes in fucntion associated with disease and aging

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21
Q

Atom

A

Smallest level of organization

Ex: Oxygen

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22
Q

Molecule

A

2nd smallest level of organization

Ex: Dioxide

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23
Q

Macromolecule

A

3rd smallest level of organization within the human body.

Ex: Phosolipids

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24
Q

Cell

A

4th smallest level of organization

Ex: Clara Cell

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25
Tissue
4th biggest level of organization | Ex: Epithelial tissue
26
Organ
3rd largest level of organizat
27
Organ System
2nd largest of the levels of organization | Ex: heart
28
Organ System
2nd largest of the levels of organization | Ex: heart
29
Organism
Largest level of organozatopm o
30
Describe Anatomical Position
Facing forwards, feet together, arms to the
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Superior ------> Inferior
Superior is upwards amd Omderra
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Cranial ------> Caudal
Cranial is towards the head | Caudal is towards the tail bone
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Posterior (Dorsal)------> Anterior (ventral)
Posterior is towards the back | Anterior is towards the front.
34
Medial ------>Lateral
Medial is towards the midline of the body
35
Cardinal Planes
``` Coronal = Frontal Horizontal = Transverse = Axial Sagittal = horizontal ```
36
Proximal-------->Distal
Used only for limbs Proximal = towards point of attachment Distal = further from the point of attachment
37
Sagittal Plane
``` Midsagittal = divides human body down the middle Parasagittal = planes parallel to midsagittal plane ```
38
Dorsal Cavity
Encompasses the cranial cavity and the vertebral cavity (holds the brain and spinal cord)
39
Ventral Cavity
Comprises the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
40
Thoracic Cavity
Encompasses most of the major organs.
41
Abdominal Pelvic Cavity
Has 4 quadrants and 9 regions
42
The body systems
Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Lymphatic Circulatory, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive
43
Integumentary System
Comprises of the skin Dermis, epidermis, hypodermic tissue Protection against invaders and temperature and fluid balance
44
Skeletal System
Protection of organs and stabilizing the body regulating the levels of mineral calcium in blood axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton
45
Axial Skeleton
skull, vertebral column, 12 paired ribs, sternum
46
Appendicular Skeleton upper
clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges
47
Appendicular Skeleton Lower
Pelvis, Femur, Patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
48
Muscular system
Essential for body movement, body temperature regulation | skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle
49
Nervous System
Nerve cells that receive and process information
50
Endocrine System
hypothalamus, thyroid gland, thymus glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, ovaries Sends longer signals for more time regulation of body systems
51
Cardiovascular System
Consists of blood and lymphatic fluids and system to move them.
52
Respiratory System
removes CO2 waste from the body and oxegnenates blood | oral cavity, nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, lungs, diaphragm
53
Digestive System
takes in solids and liquids, breaks them down to molecular size and distributes them to the body tissues mouth/tongue, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gall bladder, spleen, pancreas
54
Urinary System
processes blood and removes waste product responsible for fluid, mineral, and acid/base balance kidney, uterer, bladder, and urethra
55
Reproductive system
Both male and female systems. Male share parts between urinary systems and females have separate
56
Homeostasis
the system responsible for keeping your body regulated
57
Negative Feedback loops
Most common stop when the effector brings variable back to the predetermined set point Used all the time within our body
58
Positive Feedback Looks
Quite rare Only stop when stimulus is removed. Used in dire situations
59
Sign
A variable which can be measured objectively
60
Symptom
variable which can only be felt by the patient and must be reported to the clinician
61
Syndrome
When a group of signs and symptoms occur but we don't understand why

HTHS 1110 (6 decks)

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