Unit 1

Question 1

What are Four advantages of animals being motile?

Answer 1

find food, shelter, mates, avoid predators

Question 2

Term which describes animals having cells with a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles

Answer 2

eukaryotic

Question 3

Some animals can store energy in the form of these two things

Answer 3

fat glycogen

Question 4

Term for eggs and sperm

Answer 4

heterogametes

Question 5

Term for animals that are permanently attached to a surface

Answer 5

sessile

Question 6

Advantage of animals being sessile

Answer 6

low energy requirement

Question 7

Mutualistic algae that live inside of coral, performing photosynthesis to help supplement nutrients for their host

Answer 7

zooxanthellae

Question 8

A distinct juvenile form of many animals that undergo metamorphosis to become adults

Answer 8

larvae

Question 9

Term for animals that move very little

Answer 9

sedentary

Question 10

Process in which cells take on specific tasks and their own shapes; also known as cell specialization

Answer 10

differentiation

Question 11

Biologists organize animal diversity into a nested hierarchy of groups within groups according to what kind of relationships?

Answer 11

evolutionary

Question 12

The science of naming and grouping species

Answer 12

taxonomy

Question 13

broad science which studies variation among animal populations to understand their evolutionary relationships; also known as comparative biology

Answer 13

systematics

Question 14

All animals are members of this Kingdom

Answer 14

Animalia

Question 15

Term which describes animals being made of many cells

Answer 15

multicellular

Question 16

Term which describes animals having to consume other organisms to obtain energy and nutrients

Answer 16

heterotrophic

Question 17

Before most animals can digest their food, they first must do this to it

Answer 17

ingest

Question 18

Term for a cell having two sets of chromosomes

Answer 18

diploid

Question 19

Term for animals that can move from place to place

Answer 19

motile

Question 20

The first biologist to classify organisms according to their structural similarities

Answer 20

Aristotle

Question 21

Swedish biologist who developed the hierarchy system for classifying organisms that is the basis for modern taxonomy today

Answer 21

Linnaeus

Question 22

The comparative study of organismal form and structure

Answer 22

morphology

Question 23

A category into which related organisms are placed, based upon structural similarities between organisms

Answer 23

taxon

Question 24

The language used for the names of taxa, because it was the language of educated people and not an everyday language likely to change

Answer 24

Latin

Question 25

Eight levels of taxa in order from largest to smallest

Answer 25

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Question 26

Three other taxonomic ranks (prefixes) exist in addition to the basic eight taxa

Answer 26

super, sub, infra

Question 27

A two-name naming system

Answer 27

binomial nomenclature

Question 28

The first word of the scientific name

Answer 28

genus

Question 29

The second word of the scientific name; also known as the specific epithet

Answer 29

species

Question 30

Four ways to determine a species name

Answer 30

location where the organism was found, honor a person connected to the discovery, reference a unique body part or behavior, reflect the common names given to these animals by native people

Question 31

How to write a scientific name

Answer 31

capitalize the genus but not the species, type the words in italics or underline them if handwritten

Question 32

The process by which organisms change over a period of time

Answer 32

evolution

Question 33

What type of organism do scientists think animals evolved from?

Answer 33

protist

Question 34

Scientists hypothesize that animals first evolved in this type of environment

Answer 34

water

Question 35

The evolutionary family tree which shows relationships thought to exist among groups of organisms

Answer 35

phylogenic tree

Question 36

The reconstruction of evolutionary histories of animals using shared traits to represent evolutionary changes in organisms

Answer 36

cladistics

Question 37

The evolutionary diagram uses shared derived characters to establish evolutionary relationships

Answer 37

cladogram

Question 38

A tool that scientists use to determine the identity of items in the natural world; consists of a series of choices that lead the user to the correct name of a given item

Answer 38

dichotomous key

Question 39

Animals are divided into how many phyla?

Answer 39

34

Question 40

A group of actually or potentially interbreeding organisms that is reproductively isolated from other such groups

Answer 40

Species

Question 41

Term for new species discovered through DNA tests

Answer 41

cryptic

Question 42

The scientific study of "hidden" animals

Answer 42

cryptozoology