Unit 1

Question 1

english has evolved for ____ years

Answer 1

1500

Question 2

what groups invaded a small island off the coast of Europe?

Answer 2

angels, jutes, saxons

Question 3

the angels called their lands….

Answer 3

land of the angels, angle-land, england

Question 4

how many modern words come from old English

Answer 4

4,500

Question 5

what language is beowulf written and when

Answer 5

old english, around year 700

Question 6

____ invaded England and influenced words in English

Answer 6

Vikings

Question 7

last invasion of England occurred in _____ by ____. it also left a mark

Answer 7

1066, normans

Question 8

middle english was spoken for another _____, until the 1600s

Answer 8

few hundred years

Question 9

by the ____ the English language is like it is now

Answer 9

1600

Question 10

old English years

Answer 10

450-1066

Question 11

middle English years

Answer 11

1066-1450

Question 12

modern English years

Answer 12

Shakespearean time

Question 13

a form of English which was spoken thousands of years ago.

Answer 13

old English/ anglo-Saxon

Question 14

a language which was previously spoken in Asia minor or southeast Europe. It is known as an ancestor to many languages from Europe, India, and Iran.

Answer 14

Proto-Indo-European

Question 15

four major english periods

Answer 15

pre-English, old English, middle English, modern English

Question 16

When and where was Proto-Indo-European spoken?

Answer 16

in Asia minor and south east Europe, five thousand years ago

Question 17

words that one language borrows from another

Answer 17

loanwords

Question 18

fierce and independent people who inhabited the northern part Britain. these people would often invade neighboring tribes

Answer 18

picts

Question 19

angels, saxons, and jutes contributed to ______

Answer 19

germanic

Question 20

The emperor hired the __________ to keep the _____ away because they were often known for raiding other groups.

Answer 20

angles and Saxons, picts

Question 21

An angular-looking alphabet used by Anglo-Saxons

Answer 21

runes

Question 22

The rounded form of letters which Irish monks taught Anglo-Saxons

Answer 22

insular hand

Question 23

Letters previously used by Anglo Saxons which are currently lost because it was replaced by the “th”

Answer 23

thorn

Question 24

After they had been converted to Christianity, the English borrowed words from what language?

Answer 24

latin

Question 25

What other people invaded England in the 9th and 11th centuries, thus influencing the language as well?

Answer 25

vikings

Question 26

In 1066 the Normans conquered England. They introduced many __________ words into the English language.

Answer 26

french

Question 27

during middle English, which language was used only by the common people for everyday matters?

Answer 27

english

Question 28

during middle English, Which languages were used in government, education, religion, law, and literature?

Answer 28

french and latin

Question 29

what happened in 1455

Answer 29

the bible was printed in latin

Question 30

the first man to print an English book on a printing press in Belgium

Answer 30

William Caxton

Question 31

the language created by early American settlers such as colonists.

Answer 31

american english

Question 32

How did the Industrial Revolution contribute to the spread of English?

Answer 32

It caused success and made the English language spread faster because of the efficient measures of manufacturing and abundant goods.

Question 33

examples of words American settlers made

Answer 33

racoon, turkey, creek, fowl

Question 34

three kinds of english users

Answer 34

English as their native language(Ireland), English as secondary(Indians), English in certain circumstances (Norwegian pilot landing)

Question 35

amount of people who speak english

Answer 35

five hundred million

Question 36

major national english varieties

Answer 36

american english and british english

Question 37

strongest differences in varieties of english is in....

Answer 37

slang and informal language

Question 38

Language variations which indicate certain things about us and help identify our identity, age, gender, city of residence, region

Answer 38

dialect

Question 39

main types of dialects

Answer 39

regional dialect and ethnic dialect

Question 40

four main dialect regions in eastern US

Answer 40

northern, north midland, south midland, southern

Question 41

most prominent ethnic dialect

Answer 41

African America dialect

Question 42

second most prominent ethnic dialect

Answer 42

Hispanic English

Question 43

three subvarieties of dialect

Answer 43

Mexican-influenced English in the southwest, Cuban influenced English in Florida, Puerto Rico influenced English in NYC and PR

Question 44

The most useful and widely used variety of English by people of all backgrounds

Answer 44

standard english

Question 45

Language which is inappropriate in situations where standard English is expected

Answer 45

nonstandard english

Question 46

one of the earliest forms of literature

Answer 46

epic

Question 47

a long narrative poem that recounts the adventures of a legendary hero in pursuit of a goal of national importance

Answer 47

epic

Question 48

the central character of an epic, a larger-than-life figure, typically of noble birth, who pits his courage, skill, and virtue against apposing often evil forces

Answer 48

epic hero

Question 49

a long, dangerous journey or mission undertaken by the epic hero, the quest is the Hero’s opportunity to prove his heroism and win honor and undying renown

Answer 49

quest

Question 50

these actions demonstrate the hero's courage, strength, or virtue and makeup most of the action in the narrative

Answer 50

valorous deeds

Question 51

in many epics, the hero receives help from a god or another supernatural force who takes an interest in his quest

Answer 51

divine intervention

Question 52

important events from history or mythology of a nation or culture often provide the backdrop for the epic narrative

Answer 52

great events

Question 53

in ancient times, stories about heroes were recited or sung as entertainment and passed down orally from one generation. These stories were actually written down long after they were composed, Example: Beowulf

Answer 53

folk epics

Question 54

written by individual authors drawing on the style and convections of the folk epic, example: Iliad, the Odessey, paradise lost

Answer 54

literary epics

Question 55

two ways primitive people communicated

Answer 55

sign language, gestures

Question 56

when did language begin

Answer 56

250,000 years ago

Question 57

two basic sounds

Answer 57

blowing air out of the mouth(w), humming(m)

Question 58

sounds in a decent language

Answer 58

22

Question 59

sounds in Hawaiian language

Answer 59

12

Question 60

where did primitives get their sound from

Answer 60

they imitated sounds from nature

Question 61

what are the three distinct vowel sounds

Answer 61

O, U, E

Question 62

man who never spoke English who has the most to do with the development of the English language

Answer 62

Julius Ceasar

Question 63

What language did the Romans make all conquered people speak? What five languages did these become?

Answer 63

Latin. The languages then became Italian, french, Romanian, Spanish, and Portuguese

Question 64

out of 100 common words how many are anglo-saxon

Answer 64

100/100

Question 65

out of 200 common words how many are anglo saxon

Answer 65

183/200

Question 66

what year was English accidentally invented

Answer 66

1066

Question 67

where is William the conqueror from

Answer 67

france

Question 68

words in Russian language

Answer 68

150,000

Question 69

words in french language

Answer 69

180,000

Question 70

words in Chinese language

Answer 70

281,000

Question 71

words in English language

Answer 71

617,525

Question 72

greatest Middle English writer

Answer 72

Geoffrey Chaucer

Question 73

admonish

Answer 73

advise; caution

Question 74

sentinel

Answer 74

person or animal that guards

Question 75

mead

Answer 75

liquor made from fermented honey and water

Question 76

fervent

Answer 76

having or showing great warmth of feeling

Question 77

rancor

Answer 77

ill will

Question 78

compassionate

Answer 78

sympathizing; pitying

Question 79

grievous

Answer 79

causing sorrow, hard to bear

Question 80

winsomeness

Answer 80

charm; delightfulness

Question 81

fettered

Answer 81

chained; restrained

Question 82

hapless

Answer 82

unlucky

Question 83

wassail

Answer 83

a toast in drinking a persons health

Question 84

liege

Answer 84

lord; sovereign

Question 85

rapture

Answer 85

joy; great pleasure

Question 86

fain

Answer 86

eager

Question 87

bide

Answer 87

wait

Question 88

rime-covered

Answer 88

covered with frost

Question 89

byrny-clad

Answer 89

dressed in a coat of chain-mail armor

Question 90

redress

Answer 90

compensation for a wrong

Question 91

reparation

Answer 91

something making up for a wrong or an injury

Question 92

solace

Answer 92

comfort; relief

Question 93

purge

Answer 93

purify; cleanse

Question 94

linden

Answer 94

very sturdy type of wood

Question 95

writhing

Answer 95

making twists or turning motions

Question 96

massive

Answer 96

big and solid; bulky

Question 97

loathsome

Answer 97

disgusting

Question 98

traveling minstrels that captivated audiences with long narrative poems

Answer 98

scops

Question 99

a compound expression in Old English and Old Norse poetry with metaphorical meaning, ex. oar-steed = ship.

Answer 99

kenning

Question 100

caesura

Answer 100

a break between words within a metrical foot