Unit 1 Flashcards
(85 cards)
1
Q
God, Glory, and Gold
A
Three G’s (Motives for European Exploration
2
Q
Spread Christianity
A
God
3
Q
Bring Honor to self and country
A
Glory
4
Q
Gain greater wealth
A
Gold
5
Q
An economic policy adopted during the Age of Exploration which associates a nation’s power with wealth accumulation through precious metals and/or a favorable balance of trade, more exports than imports
A
Mercantilism
6
Q
A government in which the head of state is a king or queen
A
Monarchy
7
Q
A form of government that gives power to the people
A
Democracy
8
Q
A set of rules for self-governance and created by the English settlers who traveled to the United States
A
Mayflower Compact
9
Q
People who journey to distant places for devotional purposes
A
Pilgrims
10
Q
The first English legislative assemble in America
A
House of Burgesses
11
Q
A stock company
A
The Virginia company
12
Q
Official approval from the monarch to create a colony
A
Charter
13
Q
Ability of individuals to have a say in government decisions through voting
A
Democratic government
14
Q
Ability for individuals to have a say in government decisions through voting
A
Democratic government
15
Q
Ability for one to improve their social status through hard work (Also known as the American dream)
A
Social mobility
16
Q
Ability for people to establish multiple religions within the same colony
A
Religious toleration
17
Q
Northernmost group of colonies
A
New England
18
Q
A person involved with specific craft/trade that is not agriculture
A
Merchants
19
Q
A common job for New Englanders
A
Shipbuilding
20
Q
Formal instruction on how to read given to children, particularly in the New England colonies
A
Education
21
Q
Colonies located between the New England and Southern colonies
A
Middle Colonies
22
Q
Name for middle colonies referring to their production of wheat and corn
A
Breadbasket
23
Q
Religious group established in Pennsylvania known for their acceptance of all Christian denominations
A
Quakers
24
Q
A person who is chosen by their fellow citizens to speak on their behalf
A
Representatives
25
Colonies located in the Southernmost point
Southern Colonies
26
A large farm that mass produces a cash crop and includes a large labor force (slaves)
Plantation
27
A highly demanded crop used to make a profit including tobacco and rice
Cash Crop
28
The global system of trading goods and enslaved Africans between the American colonies, Britain, and West Africa
Triangular Slave Trade
29
The British economic policy of requiring the colonies to enrich the mother country
Mercantilism
30
Exchange between countries
Trade
31
The value of the difference between the country's exports and imports
Balance of Trade
32
Selling goods to other countries
Export
33
Buying goods from other countries
Imports
34
British laws put in place to limit colonial trade
Navigation Acts
35
Illegal act of buying goods from prohibited countries
Smuggling
36
The unwritten understanding between the British monarchy and the colonists that mercantilism policies would not be strictly enforced
Salutary Neglect
37
Taxes on sugar and luxury items; raised money to pay for war debt and stop the smuggling allowed under salutary neglect
Sugar Act
38
Forced colonists to pay more for goods than before but did not provide them a way to argue their grievances
Impact of Sugar ACt
39
Elimination of colonial paper money; required colonies to use British pounds to make them easier to regulate
Currency Act
40
Limited power of colonial legislatures
Impact of Currency Act
41
Requirements to allow British soldiers to be housed in colonial homes; limit the cost of keeping soldiers in the colonies
Quartering Act
42
Colonists highly resented having soldiers live with them and felt watched by the intruders. Later the 3rd Amendment was added to the US Constitution in direct response to this act
Impact of Quartering Act
43
Colonists highly resented having soldiers live with them and felt watched by the intruders. Later the 3rd Amendment was added to the US Constitution in direct response to this act
Impact of Quartering Act
44
Requirement that all papers have a paid stamp; help pay for war debt and to keep soldiers in the colonies
Stamp Act
45
Made everyday dealings more expensive, spreading negative propaganda about the British government (newspapers and pamphlets) harder
Impact of the Stamp Act
46
No taxation without representation
The argument colonists used against the acts
47
A secret group of colonists formed to fight against British rule. They boycotted, protested, sent threatening letters, and tarred and feather tax collectors.
Sons and Daughters of Liberty
48
King declared he could pass laws for colonies; send a message to rebellious colonies that salutary neglect was over and the British government intended to keep them on a tight rope
Declaratory Act
49
Continued to limit colonial powers and increase tension between the colonies and the monarchy
Impact of Declaratory Act
50
Put taxes on items such as paper and glass, allows for a general writ of assistance (allows royal officials to search colonial homes without a warrant);
To raise money to pay for royal officials to run colonies independent of the elected legislatures
Lead to Boston Massacre
Townshend Act
51
major event leading to American Rev. where a fight between British soldiers and colonists broke out and ended with 5 colonists dead; colonists wanted the government to reverse their taxes
Depiction of the fight was mass produced in newspapers; increase anti-British sentiment throughout the colonies
Boston Massacre
52
Requirement that colonists purchase tea from the British East India Company; The British East India Company was not doing well and the Parliament hoped by adding this regulation, the company would get the revenue it needed to stay afloat
Lead to Boston Tea Party
Tea Act
53
Although this did not make tea more expensive, colonists resisted the concept of the British ability to regulate without representation. Ultimately led to the Boston Tea Party.
Impact of Tea Act
54
Major event leading to the American Revolution where colonists dumped tea into the Boston harbor to prevent it from being sold into the colonies; The Son's of Liberty did not want any tea to be brought on to shore and sold to other colonies.
Led to the Intolerable acts, putting heavy restrictions on Boston and the colonists.
Boston Tea Party
55
Passed as punishment for Boston Tea Party: closed the Boston Harbor, limited the Massachusetts legislature, allowed British soldiers to be tried in England; Limit the power of the colonial government, and increase the power of the British go
Intolerable Acts
56
Wide Spread unemployment after the closing of the port
Impact of the Intolerable Acts
57
Conflict between France and Britain over who should have control of the Ohio territory located between the New England and Nouvelle France
French and Indian War
58
Inter-colonial government set up by Ben Franklin to help colonies unite against French attacks
Albany Plan of Union
59
Official end of the French and Indian War- granted Britain French territory east of Mississippi River
Treaty of Paris (1763)
60
British regulation prohibiting colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
Proclamation of 1763
61
Money added to goods to pay off debt
Taxes
62
The study of government and its existence
Political philosophy
63
The study of political ideas/values like justice, power and democracy to describe, understand and assess political practices and institutions
Political Theory
64
Political theory which individuals give up certain freedoms for protection
Social Contract Theory
65
A period during the 17th and 18th century, where people challenged traditional thought and emphasized reason and individualism more than tradition
Enlightenment
66
John Locke's belief that all men have natural rights which are life, liberty and property
Natural rights
67
No government
Anarchy
68
People are govern according to the expressed preferences of the majority
Majority Rule
69
Montesquie's philosophy that the power of the government should be split between an executive, legislative and judicial branch
Separation of powers
70
A religious revival which swept through the American colonies between the 1730s and 1770s
First Great Awakening
71
A person nominated to represent a group of people in government
Delegate
72
Institutions that became a key part of the communication system during the early years of the American Revolution (1772-1776)
Committee of Correspondence
73
Were a small hand-picked elite force who were in the continental army during the American Revolutionary war which were required to be highly mobile and able to assemble quickly
Minutemen
74
Colonists who supported the revolution during the American revolution
Patriots
75
Colonists who supported the British during the American Revolution
Loyalists
76
Thomas Jefferson refers to these in the Declaration of Independence saying that everyone has the right to Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness
Unalienable rights
77
Colonists who supported the revolution during the American Revolution
Patriots
78
Colonists who supported the British during the American Revolution
Loyalists
79
The colonists referred the British soldiers as _____ because of their red uniforms
Redcoat
80
A professional or hired soldier
Mercenaries
81
Written agreements between countries governed by international law
Treaty
82
Confederation
A loose association of state governments who join together for a common purpose
83
Ratify
To approve
84
Alliance
A bond between states
85
Sovereignty
supreme power and authority
