Unit #1

Question 1

Label these regions of the abdomen

Answer 1

Question 2

Label the quadrants of the abdomen

Answer 2

Question 3

name these body planes

Answer 3

Question 4

What body plane receives this view?

Answer 4

Coronal Plane

Question 5

What body plane receives this view?

Answer 5

Sagittal Plane

Question 6

What body plane receives this view?

Answer 6

Transverse Plane

Question 7

Describe Acoustic Enhancement, aka Through Transmission, and what causes it to occur?

Answer 7

Occurs when the sound waves move faster than usual

Liquids, such as urine, cause sound waves to do this.

Question 8

Describe Acoustic Impedance, and what may cause this?

Answer 8

Anything that stops sound waves, such as gas

Question 9

When Acoustic Impedance occurs, an ______ ________ is usually visible.

Answer 9

Acoustic shadow

Question 10

What does the abbreviation, ALARA stand for? What is this referring to.

Answer 10

As
Low
As
Reasonably
Achievable
This is referring to the intensity of the frequency rate, (which can be adjusted), in addition to the exposure time.

Question 11

What does Anechoic mean? What object would appear this way in the body?

Answer 11

No echo. A cyst would appear anechoic.
(prefix “an” means without)

Question 12

What is Ascites?

Answer 12

An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

Question 13

Describe what attenuation is

Answer 13

Attenuation occurs when the frequency of the ultrasound is absorbed by a structure, making it more difficult to access what is being scanned. Because of this, scanning a 850lb person will take a higher frequency vs. a 100lb person.

Question 14

Label these directional references

Answer 14

Question 15

Describe beam divergence

Answer 15

The widening of the beam as it travels, triangle effect

Question 16

Calculi means _____, and they are noticeable because the beam _____ pass through them, casting a ______ in the image

Answer 16

stone
can’t
shadow

Question 17

What are calipers and what are they used for in imaging?

Answer 17

Calipers are measurement cursors that are used to calibrate the distance between echoes of interest on the imaging screen

Question 18

On an imaging screen, when you see one vein as purple, and one artery as red, this is the work of ______ ______. One important thing to note about this is what?

Answer 18

Color flow.
The machine doesn’t always label arteries as red, and veins as blue, as they usually are. It will just color blood flow in one direction one color and blood flow in another direction, another color.

Question 19

What is another word for complex mass? Give an example of what one may be. What is it made up of?How is it portrayed on the imaging screen?

Answer 19

abnormal mass in the body, such as a cyst, that is made up of both fluid and tissue
It is portrayed as partially see through with various shades of gray

Question 20

Describe ipsilateral

Answer 20

Situated on or affecting the same side of the body. Example: right arm and right leg

Question 21

Describe bilateral

Answer 21

Involving or belonging to both sides of the body on the same half. Example: right and left knees

Question 22

Describe unilateral

Answer 22

Involving or belonging to one body part on one side of the body. Example: right leg

Question 23

Describe contralateral

Answer 23

Referring to opposite sides of the body on opposite portions

Question 24

Describe contrast

Answer 24

A comparison of light to dark

Question 25

What is another word for coupling agent?

Answer 25

Gel

Question 26

What is showing in this image?

Answer 26

The left and right Crura/Crus of the diaphragm

Question 27

A fluid collection within the body that does not meet the criterial to be considered a true cyst is called a ________.

Answer 27

Cystic

Question 28

What is depth of penetration? What does it correspond to?

Answer 28

The distance the sound wave travels through an object. Corresponds to the frequency.

Question 29

What is diffuse disease?

Answer 29

An infiltrative disease that alters the normal echo pattern throughout an organ

Question 30

This image below is a visual representation of the ____ ______

Answer 30

Doppler effect

Question 31

_____ is used to detect blood flow through vessels. It detects both the ____ and ____ of blood flow.

Answer 31

Doppler. Presence and direction

Question 32

The word echogenic describes....

Answer 32

A body structure that is able to produce echoes or echo patterns on sonograms.

Question 33

_____ ______ is used to tell the texture of a structure when viewing it to tell if its grainy or smooth.

Answer 33

Echo texture

Question 34

______ ________ _______ is an abnormal disease process that originates outside of an organ

Answer 34

Extraorgan pathology

Question 35

______/______ change is a disease process confined to isolated area(s) of an organ

Answer 35

focal/multifocal change

Question 36

What is a focal zone?

Answer 36

An area where the image is focused

Question 37

What is the name of what is being pointed to on this image?

Answer 37

Gray scale

Question 38

_____ means NOT the same throughout, where as _____ means the same throughout

Answer 38

heterogenous = not the same homogenous = the same

Question 39

_____ is used to describe echoes that are brighter to surrounding areas, where as ____ is used to describe echoes that are not as bright as surrounding areas.

Answer 39

Hyperechoic = brighter than surroundings Hypoechoic = darker than surroundings

Question 40

What occurs with an infiltrative disease?

Answer 40

A disease will spread throughout an entire organ

Question 41

When a disease originates within an organ it is called ______ ________

Answer 41

intraorgan pathology

Question 42

Define intraperitoneal Give some examples

Answer 42

Abdominopelvic structures that are enclosed by the parietal peritoneum (lined with organ) stomach, spleen, gallbladder etc...

Question 43

_____ ______ is an anomaly that usually occurs near the diaphragm or lungs when an image is duplicated.

Answer 43

Mirror artifact

Question 44

Define necrotic

Answer 44

death of tissue, and is now rotting

Question 45

Parenchyma is the ____ composing an organ and can generally be referred to as _____

Answer 45

tissue. tissue

Question 46

The thin sheet of tissue that lines the peritoneal cavity is known as the ________

Answer 46

peritoneum

Question 47

pleural effusion is

Answer 47

a collection of fluid inside the lung

Question 48

Ultrasound image artifact caused when sound waves pass through and beyond a structure whose acoutic impedance is noticeably different from another nearby structure causing a large amount of reflection back to the transducer is known as _____

Answer 48

Reverberation

Question 49

Separations are

Answer 49

linings that divide organs in images, like cubicles

Question 50

Solid mass

Answer 50

Abnormal mass composed of tissue

Question 51

Knobs on an ultrasound machine that are used to create clearer images are abbreviated as _____. What does it stand for?

Answer 51

TGC Time-Gain Compensation

Question 52

What are the four types of scanning planes?

Answer 52

Sagittal Plane Transverse Plane Coronal Sagittal Plane Coronal Transverse Plane

Question 53

Draw an ultrasound footprint for a Coronal Sagittal Plane

Answer 53

Question 53

Draw an ultrasound footprint for a Coronal Transverse Plane

Answer 53

Question 54

Draw an ultrasound footprint for a Sagittal Plane

Answer 54

Question 55

Draw an ultrasound footprint for a transverse plane

Answer 55