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psychology > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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Psychology 101 flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

What does the ONS stand for

A

Office for National Statistics

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2
Q

What is the ONS

A

Government body that compiles statistics of a population and their behaviour

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3
Q

What is hostile aggression

A

Aggression that is motivated by anger and often reactive

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4
Q

What is instrumental aggression

A

Motivated by something other than hostility

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5
Q

What is violent aggression

A

Using physical force to cause injury to others

E.g punching or kicking

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6
Q

What is verbal aggression

A

Involves using words to psychologically damage someone

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7
Q

What is behavioural economics

A

The study of psychology as it relates to an economic decision

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8
Q

What is a consumer

A

A person who purchases goods and services

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9
Q

What is economics

A

The branch of knowledge concieved with the production, consumption and transfer of wealth

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10
Q

What is gender

A

The psychological feeling of masculinity or femininity

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11
Q

What is masculinity

A

Psychological characteristics associated with being male

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12
Q

What is femininity

A

The psychological characteristics of a female

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13
Q

What is typical gender

A

Gender identity that reflects a person’s biological sex

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14
Q

What is atypical gender

A

Gender identity that doesn’t reflect a persons biological sex

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15
Q

What is binary

A

A forced choice between one or the other

E. g male or female

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16
Q

What is non- binary

A

View that there are multiple possible outcomes rather than the fixed 2

17
Q

What is gender fluid

A

Taking the view that gender isnt fixed throughout life but can change

18
Q

What is gender dysphoria

A

A condition where the person feels that their gender and biological sex do not match

19
Q

What is Transgender

A

Moving from one gender identity to another

20
Q

What is androgeny

A

Gender identity that has characteristics associated with masculinity and femininity

21
Q

What is scientific

A

Using the systematic approach associated with science to explain things

22
Q

What is nature

A

The relative contribution of our biological makeup on our behaviour (before birth)

23
Q

What is nurture

A

The relative contribution of our environment on our behaviour

24
Q

What is conditioning

A

A theory that a response to an object or event can be changed by learning

25
Q

What is classical conditioning

A

Learning by association

26
Q

Who did a study on classical conditioning

A

Pavlov

27
Q

Before conditioning

A

UCS - - > UCR

NS - - > No response

28
Q

During conditioning

A

UCS + NS - - > UCR

29
Q

After conditioning

A

CS - - > CR

30
Q

What is the conditioning phase

A

The period during conditioning where the neutral stimulus is presented alongside the unconditional stimulus in order to acquire its power

31
Q

What is the neutral stimulus

A

An object or event that has initially no power to cause behaviour

32
Q

What is a reflex

A

An innate (inborn) physical response to specific stimuli

33
Q

What is an unconditioned stimulus

A

An object or event that naturally has the power to produce a reflex response

34
Q

What is an unconditioned response

A

A naturally occurring reaction to a specific stimulus

35
Q

What is a conditioned stimulus

A

An object or event that has acquired the power to cause a specific response through association

36
Q

What is a conditioned response

A

A learned response to a specific stimulus

37
Q

What is operant conditioning

A

Learning through consequences and reinforcement

psychology (2 decks)

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