Unit 1 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Neo-confucianism
: A revival of Confucian ideas mixed with some elements of Buddhism and Daoism. It became the official ideology of the Song Dynasty in China.
Confucianism
A philosophy developed by Confucius focusing on family loyalty, respect elders, and social harmony
Mahayana Buddhism
A branch of Buddhism that became popular in East Asia (China, Japan, Korea), emphasizing the worship of the Buddha and other enlightened beings.
Buddhism
A religion based on the teachings of the Buddha that aims to end suffering through the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path
Flying cash
A form of paper money used during the Tang Dynasty, making it easier for merchants to conduct long-distance trade without carrying heavy coins.
Champa rice
A fast-growing type of rice from Vietnam that could be harvested twice a year, helping China’s population grow during the Song Dynasty.
Foot binding
: A Chinese practice where women’s feet were tightly bound to make them smaller, which was considered a symbol of beauty and status during the Song Dynasty.
Grand canal
A massive waterway system in China that connected northern and southern China, helping with trade and food distribution.
Hangzhou
A major city in southern China known for its beauty and as a cultural center during the Song Dynasty.
Beijing
The capital of China starting from the Yuan Dynasty, when it was established by the Mongols under Kublai Khan.
Signification
The spread of Chinese culture to other countries, like Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.
Khanates
The different regions of the Mongol Empire, each ruled by a different khan (Mongol leader) after the empire was divided following Genghis Khan’s death.
Uighurs
A Turkic ethnic group in Central Asia that helped the Tang Dynasty by providing military support.
Shogunate
A military government in Japan led by a shogun, who was the real ruler, while the emperor was more of a figurehead.
Shinto
The traditional religion of Japan, focused on worshiping nature and ancestors.
Bushido
The “way of the warrior,” a code of honor and morals followed by the samurai in Japan.
Samurai
The warrior class in Japan, known for their loyalty to their lords and their skills in combat.
Tang dynasty
A Chinese dynasty (618-907) known for its cultural achievements, expansion of territory, and openness to foreign influence.
Song dynasty
A Chinese dynasty (960-1279) known for economic growth, technological advancements (like printing and gunpowder), and a strong focus on Confucianism.
Mongols
A nomadic group from Central Asia that created the largest empire in history under the leadership of Genghis Khan.
Genghis khan
The founder and leader of the Mongol Empire, known for his brutal conquests and uniting the Mongol tribes.
Yuan dynasty
The Mongol dynasty in China established by Kublai Khan, who ruled as the emperor of China from 1271 to 1368.
Kublai Khan
The grandson of Genghis Khan who conquered China and founded the Yuan Dynasty, ruling over China as part of the Mongol Empire.
Ming dynasty
A Chinese dynasty (1368-1644) that followed the Yuan Dynasty, known for restoring Chinese culture, rebuilding the Great Wall, and sending Zheng He naval expeditions.
