Unit 1

Question 1

Immunology is derived from the Latin word ________ which pertains to protection

Answer 1

Immunis

Question 2

is the study of how our body gets protected from diseases.

Answer 2

Immunology

Question 3

foreign materials that can be induce diseases or immune reaction

Answer 3

Antigen

Question 4

When encountering antigen, does that mean immediately produce antibody?

Answer 4

No, because it requires time for antigen processing and presentation.

Question 5

First Line of Defense is consist of

Answer 5

• Mechanical/Physical
• Biochemical Substances

Question 6

an example of this is intact skin

Answer 6

Mechanical/Physical Barrier

Question 7

examples of this are tears, saliva, sweat acidity and urination

Answer 7

Biochemical Substances

Question 8

activated when the 1st line of defense does not work properly

Answer 8

Second Line of Defense

Question 9

2 Mechanism by which the 2nd line of Defense protects the body:

Answer 9

• Cellular
• Humoral

Question 10

under this mechanism are the phagocytes that can kill the antigen but no antibodies are produced here

Answer 10

Cellular Mechanism

Question 11

Process of Phagocytosis

Answer 11

• Initiation
• Chemotaxis
• Engulfment
• Degranulation

Question 12

under Humoral, what are the substances that have a crucial role in destroying antigen?

Answer 12

• Complement System
• Acute Phase Reactants

Question 13

protein substances that would be activated by the presence of antigen or antigen-antibody complex which could lead to the destruction of antigen by lysis.

Answer 13

Complement System

Question 14

• a group of substances which are responsible for producing chemical reactions in response to the presence of antigen.

Answer 14

Acute Phase Reactants (APRs)

Question 15

End result of APRS

Answer 15

formation of Inflammation or simply fever

Question 16

Antibodies have a crucial role here

Answer 16

Third Line of Defense (Anamnestic Response)

Question 17

How can our body remember the antigen?

Answer 17

• Memory B-cells can remember the antigen that caused the disease before.

Question 18

● binding when you are exposed to a disease the 2nd time around
● activates the Complement System through the alternative pathway in order to finalize the
antigen-antibody reaction.

Answer 18

Antigen-Antibody COmplex

Question 19

Why is there no accumulation of antigen-antibody complex in the body?

Answer 19

The action of Complement System: It will complete the antigen-antibody complex and eliminate the microorganism through cell lysis.

Question 20

talks about the study if serum, laboratory application

Answer 20

Seology

Question 21

Three Population of Lymphocytes

Answer 21

• B Lymphocytes
• T Lymphocytes
• NK Cells

Question 22

under Humoral Response, responsible in production of antibodies

Answer 22

B Lymphocytes

Question 23

Cell- Mediated Immunity, under Cytotoxicity

Answer 23

T Lymphocytes

Question 24

nonspecific Immunity, neutrophil that can interact

Answer 24

NK Cells

Question 25

All of the Lymphocytes came from _________

Answer 25

Bone Marrow

Question 26

categorizes WBCs based on the presence of Secondary Granules. - All WBCs are granulated so all of them have Primary Granules.

Answer 26

Paul Ehrlich

Question 27

2 Tertiary Granules Of Neutrophil:

Answer 27

○ Gelatinase ○ Gelatinase with tissue plasminogen activator

Question 28

All WBCSs are phagocytes except ____________ because it can not digest antigen as it does not contain secondary granules (digestive granules) but has a role in immunity.

Answer 28

lymphocytes

Question 29

site of B cells and T cells production

Answer 29

Bone Marrow

Question 30

B cells mature here

Answer 30

Bone marrow

Question 31

B cells is derived from

Answer 31

Bursa of Fabricius

Question 32

T cells mature here

Answer 32

Thymus

Question 33

Secondary Immune Organs

Answer 33

- Spleen - Lymph Nodes - Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue - Cutaneous Associated Lymphoid Tissue - Peyer's Patches of the Intestine - Tonsils

Question 34

grave yard of RBC, filters blood to remove antigens

Answer 34

Spleen

Question 35

a part of spleen where RBCs are broken down when they reach the end of their lifespan (120 days), plays a crucial role in RBC senescence

Answer 35

Red Pulp

Question 36

a part of spleen used for immune defense, spleen filters blood to neutralize or kill antigens

Answer 36

White Pulp

Question 37

- Filters tissues through lymphatic fluids of the presence of antigens.

Answer 37

Lymph Nodes

Question 38

inflammation of the lymph node (kasi nagkakaroon ng lymphocyte traffic shutdown)

Answer 38

Lymphadenopathy

Question 39

Phagocytes that can be antigen presenting cells (APCs). - most potent phagocyte and the most effective APCs - Nucleus at the center, Tentacles at the side

Answer 39

Dendritic Cells

Question 40

- classified before as macrophage in skin, now categorized as dendritic cells

Answer 40

Langerhan Cells

Question 41

from Monocytes (blood) and become _________ in tissues

Answer 41

macrophage

Question 42

Pseudopods that can devoured the antigen