Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AP HUG > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Map Scale

A

The relationship between the size of an objects on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth’s surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Projection

A

The system used to transfer locations from Earth’s surface to a flat map

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Types of distortion

A

Shape, distance, relative size and direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Meridian

A

An arc drawn on a map between the North and South poles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Longitude

A

The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Parallel

A

A circles drawn around the earth parallel to the eaquator and forming right angles with the meridians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Latitude

A

The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels and measuring distance North and South of the eaquator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Prime Meridian

A

The meridian designated at 0 degrees longitude
Passes through the royal observatory at Greenwich England

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Equator

A

An imaginary circle around the middle of the earth halfway between the North and South pole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Equator

A

An imaginary circle around the middle of the earth halfway between the North and South Pole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Greenwhich mean time (GMT)

A

The time in the zone encompassing the prime meridian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

International date line

A

An arc that follows 180 degrees longitude although it deviates in several places as to not divide land areas
When you cross this going east towards America the clock moves back 24hrs
Going west the clock moves forward 24hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Location

A

The position of anything on Earth’s surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Toponym

A

The name given to a portion of Earth’s surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Site

A

The physical character of a place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Situation

A

The location of a place relative to another place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cultural landscape

A

An approach to geography that emphasizes the relationship among social and physical phenomena in a particular study area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Formal region/uniform region

A

An area in which everyone shares 1+ distinctive characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Functional/nodal region

A

An area organized around anode or focal point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Vernacular/perceptual

A

An area that people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Culture

A

The body of customary belief is, social forms and material traits that together constitute a groups distinct tradition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Spatial Association

A

The relationship between the distribution of 1 feature and the distribution of another feature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Globalization

A

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Transnational corporation

A

A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Distribution
The arrangement of something across Earth’s surface
26
Density
The frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area
27
Concentration
The spread of something over a given area
28
Pattern
The geometric or regular arrangement of something in a particular area
29
Postrstructuralist geography
The study of space as the product of ideologies or value systems of ruling elites
30
Uneven development
The increasing gap in economic condition between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy
31
Assimilation
The process by which a groups cultural features are altered to resemble those of another more dominant group
32
Acculturation
The process of changes in culture that result from the meeting of 2 groups each of which retains distinct culture features
33
Syncretism
The combining of elements of 2 groups into a new cultural features
34
Diffusion
The process of the spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time
35
Hearth
The region from which innovative ideas originate
36
Relocation diffusion
The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another
37
Expansion diffusion
The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in an additive process
38
Hierarchical diffusion
The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places
39
Contagious diffusion
The rapid widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population
40
Stimulus diffusion
The spread an underlying principle even through a specific characteristic is rejected
41
Networks
A chain of communication that connects places
42
Distance decay
The diminished importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increased distance from its origin More distance=less interaction
43
Space time compression
The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communication and transportation systems Causes relative distance to shrink Ex: phone
44
Resource
A substance in the environment that is useful to people is economically and technologically feasible to access and is socially acceptable to use
45
Sustainability
The use of earths renewable and no renewable natural resources in ways that do not constrain resource use in the future
46
Renewable resources
Something produced in a nature more rapidly that its consumed by humans
47
Nonrenewable resources
Something produced in nature more rapidly that its consumed by humans
48
Conservation
The sustainable management of a natural resources
49
Preservation
The maintenance of resources in their present condition with as little human impact as possible
50
Climate
Long-term average weather condition in a particular location
51
Ecosystem
A group of living organisms and the abiotic spheres with which they interact
52
Cultural ecology
Geographic approach that emphasizes human environment relationships
53
Environmental determinism
Argues that the general laws sought by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences Human behavior is mostly controlled by physical environment (I.e climate and soil fertility)
54
Possibilism
The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives Individuals are active and environment simply provides advantages and challenges
55
Physical geography
Study of distribution of natural environment Study of Movement or change
56
Human geography
Study of events and processes that shape earth Study of People
57
Spatial perspective
Where something happens
58
Ecological perspective
Relationship between living things
59
Absolute location
Exactly where something is by latitude and longitude
60
Relative location
Where something is in relation to other things or places
61
Theory
A system of ideas intended to explain certain phenomenon
62
World system theory
Describes spatial and functional relationships between coutneries in the world economy Explains history of unequal development among countries Based on the idea that interdependence betweeen countries has created a world system with an economy that is a single entities with a single market and division of labor Core, periphery and semi-periphery
63
Topography
Elevation
64
Absolute distance
Distance that is measured in a standard unit of measurement for length
65
Relative distance
Distance measured by nontraditional units of measurements of length Ex: hours for flights
66
Absolute direction
Cardinal directions
67
Relative direction
Based on perception Ex: up, down, left, right etc.
68
Mercator map projection
+ shows true direction + good fro navigation - distorts area - size distortion is worse by the poles
69
Gall-Peter’s map projection
+ shows true direction + area is relatively precise - distorts shape - continents are elongated
70
Robinson map projection
+ globe like appearance + not too much distortion - imprecise measurements - extreme distortion at poles
71
Azimuthal map projection
+ preserves direction - distorts shape and area - only shows 1/2 of earth
72
Reference maps
Generalized sources of geographic data Focuses on location
73
Thematic map
Have a theme/ specific purpose and focus on the relationship between geographic data Focuses
74
Isoline map
Lines connect data points of the same value Shows particular characteristics of an area
75
Graduated symbols map
Differently sized symbols are used to indicate quantitative data used for population, earthquake magnitude and gas consumption
76
Cartogram
Statistical data and geographic location are combined to communicate info Shows relative size of an area based on a particular attribute
77
Dot map
Dots are used to show locations of specific observations or events Shows: crimes, births, car accidents etc.
78
Chloropleth map
Thematic map Uses color/shading to represent categories of data fro predetermines geographic areas Communicates quantitative data
79
Geography
The study of wher things are found on earth surface and the reason fore their location
80
Place
A specific point on Earth’s surface distinguished by a particular characteristic
81
Region
An area of Earth defined by 1+ distinctive characteristics
82
Scale
the relationship between a place on a map and the earth as a whole
83
Space
Refers to the physical gap or interval between 2 objects
84
Map
A two dimensional model of earths surface distinguished
85
Cartography
The study of making maps
86
Global Positioning System (GPS)
A system that shows exact location through satellites, tracking stations and receivers
87
Mental map
Personal representation of Earth’s surfac
88
Geotagging
Identification and storage of a peice of information by precise latitude and longitude coordinates
89
Geographic information science (GIscience)
The development and analysis of data about EArth acquired through satellite and other electronic information technologies
90
Geographic information system (GIS)
A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes and displays geographic data
91
Remote sensing
The acquisition of data about Earth’s surface form a satellite orbiting the plant or from other long distance methods
92
Volunteered geographic information (VGI)
Creation and dissemination of geographic data voluntarily and for free by individuals

AP HUG (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions