Unit 1

Question 1

What are the sides or aspects of stats?

Answer 1

Theoretical/Mathematical and Applied

Question 2

What are theoretical/mathematical statistics?

Answer 2

The development, derivation and proof of statistical theorems, formulas, rules and laws

Question 3

What is applied statistics?

Answer 3

The application of theorems, rules and laws to solve real world problems

Question 4

What is the common meaning of statistics?

Answer 4

Numerical facts

Question 5

What is the proper definition of statistics?

Answer 5

Statistics is the science of collecting, analyzing, presenting, interpreting data and decision making based on that data analysis

Question 6

What types of statistics are there?

Answer 6

The two types of stats are descriptive and inferential

Question 7

What are descriptive statistics?

Answer 7

Methods for organizing, displaying and describing data by using tables, graphs and summary measures. Data sets are too large in original form to make sense of so they are reduced to a manageable size using tables etc so conclusions can be drawn from them

Question 8

What are inferential statistics?

Answer 8

Inferential statistics are methods that use sample results to help make decisions or predictions about a population e.g. look at a sample and generalize the results to the rest of the population

Question 9

What does probability measure?

Answer 9

Probability measures the likelihood that a certain outcome will occur

Question 10

Probability links what types of stats?

Answer 10

Probability is a link between descriptive and inferential stats

Question 11

What does probability make statements about?

Answer 11

Probability is used to make statements about the occurrence or non occurrence of an event under uncertain circumstances

Question 12

What is a “population” in statistics?

Answer 12

A population in statistics includes all elements (individuals, items or objects) whose characteristics are being studied

Question 13

The population being studied is also called the …..

Answer 13

Target population

Question 14

What is a sample?

Answer 14

A sample is a portion of the population selected for study

Question 15

Are decisions usually based on populations or samples?

Answer 15

Decisions are usually based on samples or portions of the population. For example, to estimate the number of voters who favour a certain candidate they will pole a sample (e.g. 2000 voters) and infer vs. calling every voter

Question 16

Why are decisions usually based on samples?

Answer 16

It is less expensive and more manageable to get information from a sample vs an entire population

Question 17

All registered voters would make up a ________

A few thousand voters in an opinion pole would make up a __________

Answer 17

All registered voters would make up a __population______

A few thousand voters in an opinion pole would make up a ____sample______

Question 18

What is a survey?

Answer 18

A survey is a collection of info from he elements of a population or sample

Question 19

What is a census?

Answer 19

A census is a survey that includes EVERY element of the target population (rarely done - very expensive and time consuming)

Question 20

What is a sample survey?

Answer 20

A sample survey collects info from a portion of the population (a sample of the population)

Question 21

What is applied statistics?

Answer 21

The application of theorems, rules and laws to solve real world problems