Unit 1

Question 1

What is the pH range of a base?

Answer 1

More than 7.

Question 2

Which ion is common to all acids?

Answer 2

Hydrogen/ H+

Question 3

Which ion is common to alkalis?

Answer 3

Hydroxide/ OH-

Question 4

State the four ways to speed up a chemical reaction?

Answer 4

Add a Catalyst.
Decrease the particle size.
Increase the temperature.
Increase the concentration.

Question 5

Describe how a salt is formed.

Answer 5

When an acid an alkali react a salt and water are formed.

Question 6

What is a precipitate?

Answer 6

A powdery solid formed in a chemical reaction.

Question 7

When an acid and base react, what name is given to this type of reaction?

Answer 7

A neutralisation reaction.

Question 8

What is a catalyst?

Answer 8

A substance that can speed up a chemical reaction but can be recovered at the end.

Question 9

What is an exothermic reaction?

Answer 9

When heat energy is given out.

Question 10

What is an endothermic reaction?

Answer 10

When heat energy is taken into a reaction.

Question 11

What type of ions do metals form?

Answer 11

Positive ions.

Question 12

What are spectator ions?

Answer 12

Ions that are not involved in a reaction but can be recognised by appearing on both sides of the equation unchanged.

Question 13

Describe the separation technique-distillation.

Answer 13

Liquids can be separated by boiling points. The mixture is heated and the liquid with the lowest boiling point will turn into a gas. This has then passes along a cool condenser, turns back into a liquid and can then be collected at the end.

Question 14

What is the charge on an electron?

Answer 14

Negative

Question 15

What is the mass of an electron.

Answer 15

0

Question 16

What is the charge of a proton?

Answer 16

Positive

Question 17

What is the mass of a proton?

Answer 17

1

Question 18

What is the charge of a neutron?

Answer 18

0-neutral.

Question 19

What is the mass of a neutron?

Answer 19

1

Question 20

Where in the atom are the electrons found?

Answer 20

Moving around the outside of the nucleus.

Question 21

Name the 7 diatomic elements.

Answer 21

Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Fluorine
Chlorine
Iodine
Bromine

Question 22

What is the pH range of an acid?

Answer 22

Less than 7

Question 23

Give examples of different shapes of molecules.

Answer 23

Tetrahedral, pyramidal,bent and linear.

Question 24

What does effervescence mean?

Answer 24

Bubbling and fizzing.

Question 25

As particle size decreases what happens to the rate of reaction?

Answer 25

The rate increases as the surface area has been increased and there is more space for reactions to occur.

Question 26

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 26

When two non-metals share electrons.

Question 27

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 27

When a electrons are transferred between a metal and non metal. The metal forms a positive ion and the non metal forms a negative ion. The opposite charged ions are attracted to each other (electrostatic attraction) and this force of attraction is the ionic bond.

Question 28

What is the formulae to calculate the average rate of reaction?

Answer 28

Change in quantity divided by change in time. This is in your data book.

Question 29

What is the centre of the atom called?

Answer 29

The nucleus.

Question 30

Name a separation technique to remove a precipitate from a liquid.

Answer 30

Filtration.

Question 31

To measure the rate of a reaction what do we measure?

Answer 31

The change in volume/concentration etc of either the products or reactants of a chemical reaction with time.

Question 32

What is one Gram Formulae Mass of a substance the same as?

Answer 32

It is the same as 1 mole of a substance.

Question 33

Explain what happens to ions during electrolysis.

Answer 33

Positive ions would be attracted to the negative electrode. Negative ions will be attracted to the positive electrode.

Question 34

Why can't Ionic compounds conducts as solids?

Answer 34

Their ions are bonded together in a lattice so they are not free to move.

Question 35

What are the products of electrolysis of Sodium Chloride?

Answer 35

Sodium and Chlorine

Question 36

Why is a D.C. current used in electrolysis?

Answer 36

Because it keeps one electrode positive and the other negative, allowing compounds to be split into their elements.