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Child Development > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q 
The study of how children grow in different ways
Physically 
Intellectually 
Emotionally 
Socially
A

Child development

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2
Q

A way of acting and responding that is common at each stage of childhood

A

Typical behavior

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3
Q

Any activity that arouses a baby’s senses

A

Stimulation

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4
Q

Biological transfer of certain characteristics from earlier generations

A

Heredity

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5
Q 
The people, places, things that surround and influence a person
Family
Home
School
Community
A

Environment

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6
Q

Believed that the personality developes through stages
Adult life is affected by childhood experiences
Significance= childhood is more important and longer lasting than we thought

A

Sigmund Freud

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7
Q

First to study children scientifically
Focused on how children learn
Children go through 4 stages of learning
Significance= learning tasks should be age and level of development appropriate

A

Jean Piaget

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8
Q

Biological development and cultural experiences influence children’s ability to learn
Social interaction is important for intellectual development
Significance= children should have the opportunity to socialize with kids their own age

A

Len Vygotsky

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9
Q

Personality developes in stages
Each stage has a crisis
Crisis handled positively then development occurs normally
Significance= parents should be aware of the children’s needs during each stage and support them through the crisis

A

Erik erickson

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10
Q

If children act a certain way and something good happens then they will keep doing that action but if the result is bad then the action will stop
Significance= parents can affect a child’s behavior through positive and negative feedback

A

B. F skinner

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11
Q

Outlined layers of environment that affects child’s development
Significance= relationship with parents should be stable, loving, lasting

A

Urie bronfenbrenner

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12
Q

Children learn through imitation
Environment shapes behavior
Behavior affects the environment
Significance= parents should set good examples for kids to follow

A

Albert Bandura

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13
Q

To rely on personal opinions and feelings rather than facts to judge an event

A

Subjective

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14
Q

Something is factual, leaves aside personal feelings and prejudices

A

Objective

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15
Q

A record of everything observed for a set period

A

Running record

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16
Q

A report of a child’s actions that concentrates on a specific behavior or area of development

A

Anecdotal record

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17
Q

A tally of how often a certain behavior occurs

A

Frequency count

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18
Q

A list of skills or behaviors kids should show at a certain age

A

Developmental checklist

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19
Q

Analysis an observer forms and expresses about what was observed

A

Interpretation

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20
Q

The protection of another person’s privacy by limiting access to personal information

A

Confidentiality

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21
Q

The process of caring for children and helping them to grow and develop

A

Parenting

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22
Q

Your beliefs and values about sexual behavior

A

Sexuality

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23
Q

Chemical in the body that controls the changes that occur as teens become sexually mature

A

Hormones

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24
Q

The decision to not have sex

A

Abstinence

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25
Q

Sexually transmitted infections

A

Stis

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26
Q

An adoption in which the birth parents don’t know anything about the adoptive parents

A

Confidential adoption

27
Q

An adoption where the birth parents and adoptive parents know some things about each other

A

Open adoption

28
Q 
Image making
Nurturing 
Authority 
Interpretive 
Interdependent 
Departure
A

Galinsky’s stages of parenthood

29
Q

Includes a mom, dad, at least one child

A

Nuclear family

30
Q

Either a mom or dad and at least one kid

A

Single parent family

31
Q

Family that is formed when a person marries a person and there are kids

A

Blended family

32
Q

Includes mom and or dad, at least one kid, and relative

A

Extended family

33
Q

Authoritarian
Assertive- democratic
Permissive

A

3 parenting styles

34
Q

Using firmness and understanding to help children learn how to behave

A

Guidance

35
Q

The ability of children to control their own behavior

A

Self discipline

36
Q

A response that encourages a particular behavior

A

Positive reinforcement

37
Q

Response that encourages a behavior to stop

A

Negative reinforcement

38
Q 
Couple stage
Expanding stage
Developing stage
Launching stage
Middle stage 
Retirement stage
A

Family life cycle

39
Q

Marriage
Adoption
Abortion
Single parenthood

A

Options for teen parents

40
Q

Pregnancy

Begin to imagine themselves as parents

A

Image making

41
Q

Birth to age two

Become emotionally attached to child

A

Nurturing

42
Q

Age two years to 4-5 years
Determine rules
Clarify authority

A

Authority

43
Q

Ages 4-5 to age 13
Rethink role as parents
Decide what knowledge, skills, values kids need

A

Interpretive

44
Q

Adolescence
Establish boundaries
Find disciplinary methods

A

Interdependent

45
Q

Child leaves home

Evaluate parenting

A

Departure

46
Q

Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete operational
Formal operational

A

Piaget’s stages

47
Q

Birth to 2 years

Understands 5 senses

A

Sensorimotor

48
Q

2-7 years

Understands through language

A

Preoperational

49
Q

7-11 years

Understands other view points

A

Concrete operational

50
Q

11- adult

Understands abstract thinking

A

Formal operational

51
Q 
Trust vs mistrust
Autonomy vs doubt
Initiative vs guilt
Industry vs inferiority 
Identity vs role confusion
A

Erik erikson’s stages

52
Q

Birth to 18 months

Learns to trust parents

A

Trust vs mistrust

53
Q

18 months- 3 years

Learns to be independent

A

Autonomy vs doubt

54
Q

4-6 years

Learns to think independently

A

Intiative vs guilt

55
Q

7-12 years

Learns to think about others

A

Industry vs inferiority

56
Q

12-18 years

Combines previous learning into identity

A

Identity vs role confusion

57
Q 
Physiological 
Safety and security
Love and belonging
Esteem
Self actualization
A

Maslow hierarchy of needs

58
Q 
Emotional maturity 
Health considerations 
Financial considerations 
Resource management skills 
Parenting skills
A

Parenthood readiness

59
Q

89% of teens

A

Are unmarried

60
Q

50% of teen parents get a high school diploma by age

A

22

61
Q

1.5 graduate from colleges by

A

30

62
Q

80% of teen parents end up on

A

Welfare

63
Q

1 in 5 people

A

Have stis

Child Development (3 decks)

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