Unit 1 Flashcards
(90 cards)
1
Q
What are types of assessment?
A
- initiative/comprehensive
- ongoing/partial
- problem focused
- emergency
2
Q
When/where does teaching occur?
A
Throughout the whole nursing process
3
Q
What does learning depend on?
A
- environment
- motivation
- learning style
- ability
4
Q
What does psychomotor learning entail?
A
Involves inquiring skills that require the integration of mental and muscular activity
5
Q
What does affective learning entail?
A
Deals with expression of feelings and acceptance of attitudes, opinions or values
6
Q
What does cognitive learning entail?
A
Includes all intellectual behaviors and requires thinking
7
Q
What are the domains of learning
A
Cognitive
Affective
Psychomotor
8
Q
What do patients need to know?
A
What’s expected of them
9
Q
What are some ways to cope with impaired functions?
A
Diet Activity Medications Home care PT Speech therapy
10
Q
What are some topics of restoration of health?
A
Disease/condition
Cause of disease
Expected effects on other body systems
Medications
11
Q
What are some topics of health promotion?
A
Stress management Immunizations Screenings Prenatal care Safety checks
12
Q
What are three purposes of client education?
A
- health maintenance and promotion and illness prevention
- restoration of health
- coping with impaired functions
13
Q
What reduces health care costs?
A
Client education
14
Q
What’s a standard for professional nursing?
A
Client education
15
Q
What is one of the most important roles for a nurse?
A
Client education
16
Q
What is the goal for client education?
A
To assist individuals, families or communities in achieving optimal levels of health
17
Q
What does the joint commission require?
A
Documentation of client education
18
Q
What are five challenges for today’s nurses?
A
- pressure to deliver high quality
- time constraints
- cost constraints
- technological advances
- limited autonomy
19
Q
What are five parts to Leininger’s theory?
A
- human trait
- transcultural perspective
- personal
- goal is to improve a human condition
- caring=nursing
20
Q
What did Madeleine Leininger say?
A
Caring is the essence and central, unifying, and dominant domain that distinguishes nursing from other health disciplines. It is also an essential human need necessary for the health and survival of all individuals.
21
Q
What are four parts of Patricia Benner’s theory?
A
- caring is primary because it sets up giving/receiving help
- interpersonal interaction
- specific and relational
- emphasis on disease orientation to health care
22
Q
What did Patricia Bennett say?
A
Caring means that persons, events, projects, and things matter to people
23
Q
What is a therapeutic intervention?
A
Performed by nurses to achieve goals and outcomes
24
Q
What is affect?
A
A feeling that you have/get about someone in a given moment
25
What is a moral imperative?
A right vs wrong decision-nurture
26
What is a human trait?
Born with the ability to care
27
What are five perspectives on caring?
- human trait
- moral imperative
- affect
- interpersonal interaction
- therapeutic intervention
28
What are some signs of caregiver stress?
```
Denial
Anger
Social withdrawal
Anxiety
Depression
Exhaustion
Irritability
Sleeplessness
Lack of concentration
Health problems
```
29
What are six caring behaviors?
```
Providing presence
Touch
Listening
Knowing the client
Spiritual caring
Family care
```
30
Types of touch?
Task oriented
Caring
Protective
31
What's the nursing process?
Work we do as nurses
| ADPIE
32
What's an interdisciplinary theory?
Used between disciplines
33
What's a prescriptive study?
Tells us what to do
34
What's a descriptive theory?
Describe what's happening
35
What's an example of a mid range theory?
Caring
36
What is a grand theory?
Very abstract and almost impossible to test
37
What are three applications of theory?
- framework for decision making and organization
- guides nursing assessments of clients to identify problems nurses can treat
- use findings of research based on theory of nursing to improve practice
38
What does theory enable us to do?
Answer the all important why question
39
What is the nursing paradigm?
Nursing
Person
Situation/environment
Health
40
What are the three areas of agreement in nursing theories?
Nursing paradigm
Holistic approach to nursing
Set distinct values
41
5 characteristics of a theory?
- logical and simple
- generalizable across the care continuum
- describe a particular phenomena
- explain relationships
- predict the effects of one phenomenon on another
42
3 components of a theory?
Concepts
Definitions
Assumptions
43
What is the general purpose of a theory?
To establish a foundation for the profession
- guide research
- improve nursing practice
44
What is theory validated through?
Research
45
What is theory?
Set of interrelated concepts that explain and predict phenomena in nursing
46
What is a phenomenon?
Event, situation or area of reality
47
What is a concept?
Ideas or mental images that describe phenomena
48
What is a theoretical model? Example?
Symbolic depictions of reality showing relationships among concepts
Ex:Maslow triangle
49
What directs the activity of the nursing profession?
Paradigms
50
What is a paradigm?
Explains the linkages between nursing science, philosophy and theory
51
Why we're professional nursing organizations created?
To deal with issues of concern to those practicing in the profession
52
What does a manager do?
Priority setting
Making clinical decisions
Time management
Resource utilization
53
Difference between responsibility and accountability?
You can't transfer accountability
54
What are six responsibilities and roles of a professional nurse?
```
Advocate
Manager
Communicator
Educator
Autonomy and accountability
Caregiver
```
55
What does the joint commission do?
They require written nursing policies and procedures. They're built on quality
56
What is a nurse practice act?
Every state has one because it's a regulated profession. It gives the definition of nursing and policies and procedures
57
What happens during implementation?
Addressing the problem (nursing focus)
58
What happens during planning?
Planning specifically for the problem
| Patient focus
59
What are the standards of care?
ADPIE
60
What's an example of quality of practice?
Document like required
61
What are some behaviors expected of a nurse?
```
Quality of practice
Evidence based practice
Education
Professional practice evaluation
Collaboration
Ethics
Leadership
Resources
Environmental health
Communication
```
62
What are five characteristics of a professional nurse?
```
Theory
Ethics
Education
Autonomy
Specificity
```
63
What is altruism?
Unselfish concern for the welfare of others
64
What is advocacy?
Supporting the cause
65
Why is there a code of ethics for nurses?
To perform safe and compassionate care, a requirement of professionalism
66
What is a nursing diagnosis?
A clinical judgement about individual, family or community responses to actual and potential health problems or life processes
67
What does nursing diagnosis require?
Critical thinking
| Good clinical judgement
68
A problem is related to a?
A cause that the nurse can impact
69
What are three purposes of nursing diagnoses?
- to offer a standardized language to promote understanding between nurses about clients health problems so as to facilitate communications and care planning
- distinguish the nurses role from that of the physician
- help nurses to focus on the role of nursing in client care
70
What is the purpose of NANDA?
To develop, refine and promote a language for nursing problems for use by professional nurses
71
What are four components of a nursing diagnosis?
Diagnostic label
Related factor
Secondary to
Definitely characteristics
72
What can the related factor not be?
Piece of equipment
| Blameful
73
Secondary to can include?
Medical diagnosis
74
What are defining characteristics of a diagnosis?
Exceptional data that led to problem
75
Can risk for diagnoses having definitely characteristics?
No
76
What is a fidelity example?
Agreement to keep promises
| -pain control
77
What is nonmaleficence?
Avoidance of harm/hurt
| -five rights of medication administration
78
What is beneficence? Example?
Doing good for others
- patient advocate
- promote independence
- listen to concerns
79
What is bioethics?
Healthcare ethics?
80
What are some impacts of illness on client and family?
Body image
Self concept
Family roles
Family dynamics
81
What can you do to help your client's family?
- counsel
- listen to what they have to say
- let family know what they can do to help
- work to reduce problems
82
What is tertiary prevention?
Interventions are aimed at disability limitation and rehab from disease, injury, or disability
Ex:medical treatment
83
What is secondary prevention?
Interventions are aimed at increasing the probability that a person with a disease will have that condition diagnosed at a stage when treatment is likely to result in cure
Ex:screening
84
What is primary intervention?
Interventions aimed at preventing diseases, injury or disability
Ex:health promotion and illness prevention
85
External variables influencing health and illness beliefs?
```
Family practices
Socioeconomic factors
Cultural background
Visibility of symptoms
Social group and support
Accessibility of health care system
```
86
Internal variables influencing health and illness beliefs?
```
Developmental stage
Intellectual background
Perception of functioning
Nature of the illness
Emotional factors
Spiritual factors
```
87
What are some interview techniques?
Open ended questions
Back channeling
Close ended questions
88
What're the interview phases
Introductory
Working
Closing
89
How do you process an ethical dilemma?
1. Is this ethical dilemma?
2. Gather info relaxant to the case
3. Determine and examine your own values on the issue
4. verbalize the problem
5. Consider all possible course of action
6. Negotiate the outcome
7. Evaluate the action
90
Five rights of delegation?
```
Right task
Right circumstances
Right person
Right directions
Right supervision
```
