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Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

The view about him changed dramatically en the 20th century from grave hero to racist villain

A

Cristopher Columbus

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2
Q

The most important event of 15th century

A

Columbus’ voyage

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3
Q

Other significant events of the 15th century

A

1 Last major nomadic invasion (Turkic warrior Timur)
2 Russia’s empire-building began
3 The Renaissance took over European culture
4 Chinese fleet explored Indian Ocean, then stopped
5 Islamic Ottoman Empire crushed Constantinople
6 Spanish Christians “re conquered” Iberia from Muslims
7 Aztec/Inca Empires shined brightly like a meteor, then were swallowed by Europe’s imperialism

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4
Q

Paleolithic groups in 1400’s

A

Australia, Siberia, Arctic Coasts, parts of Africa and Americas

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5
Q

Paleolithic. 250 groups, Had some cultural practices from outsiders. Agriculture. Fire stick Farming.

A

Australia

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6
Q

Controlled burns to make hunting easier

A

Fire stick farming

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7
Q

Chinookan, Tulalip. Skagit peoples. Complex hunting/gathering cultures. 300 edible animal species (salmon)

A

Northwest Coast, North America

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8
Q

Differences between Australia and elsewhere

A

(Elsewhere) Permanent villages, large homes, economic specialization, slavery, chiefdoms, ranked society, storage of food

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9
Q

Fully agricultural, but not Empires and not part of city-based societies

A

Agricultural Village Societies

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10
Q

Two examples of agricultural village societies

A

Igbo in West Africa and Iroquois in eastern North America

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11
Q

Igbo and Iroquois victims of…

A

Burgeoning empires

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12
Q

A stateless society. No kings. Title societies with balance of power in kinship groups. Traded with kingdom of Songhai. Changed to patrilineal system. Transatlantic slave trade altered their lives.

A

Igbo

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13
Q

Recently agricultural. Frequently warfare among tribes.

A

Iroquois

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14
Q

Warfare triggered political innovation

A

An alliance among 5 Iroquois-speaking tribes (5Nations)

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15
Q

Clear gender equality in Iroquois society

A

Women selected political leaders

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16
Q

Nomadic group that controlled Persia in the 15th century

A

Pastoral people’s

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17
Q

Turkic warrior that attacked Russia, Persia, India in the 1400s

A

Timer

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18
Q

Ancient Chinese civilization was disrupted by century of…

A

Mongol rule

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19
Q

Chinese civilizations had a smaller population because of the

A

Plague

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20
Q

China recovered in…

A

Mint Dynasty

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21
Q

Emperor Yongle

A

Sponsored massive Encyclopedia.
Relocated capital to Beijing.
Built forbidden city and Temple of Heaven.

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22
Q

China “turned back the clock” culturally to…

A

Confucian learning

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23
Q

Chin’s exam system was…

A

Renewed

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24
Q

Who commissioned an enormous fleet from Chinese dynasty

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A

Emperor Yongle

25
The Chinese voyages went throughout...
The Indian and Pacific Oceans
26
The Chinese voyages were captained by...
A Muslim eunuch named Zheng He
27
Why does ness voyages stopped?
Death of Yongle Fleet seen as waste of resources Danger from Northern nomads Voyages viewed as project of eunuchs
28
Which were the Chinese voyages goals?
To gather states into China's tribute system Bring order to the world DID NOT TRY TO CONQUER OR SPREAD CULTURE
29
Similarity between China and Europe in the 14th century
Recovering from the Plague
30
Differences between China and Europe in the state building
China was centralized while Europe was fragmented | China didn't have wars while Europe had the Hundred Years War
31
Where started Europe's Renaissance?
Italy
32
Fostered a new era in art literature politics...
Renaissance
33
The renaissance brought Europe back in contact with the original...
Greco-Roman world
34
Who where the heroes of the European Renaissance?
Painters, sculptors, humanists...
35
Wrote The Prince, prescription for political success in real world of Italy's city-states
Niccolo Machiavelli
36
Which were Niccolo Machiavelli's two main phrases
Much safer to be feared than loved. | The end justifies the means
37
Daughter of Venice official, lived mostly in Paris. Anti-misogyny in writings. Wrote in City of Ladies that women deserved equal education.
Christine de Pizan
38
Key trait of Renaissance
More focus on worldly affairs than religious truth. | The dawn of commercial explosion and capitalist economy
39
Where did the European exploration start?
Portugal- Columbus leaving Spain arrive to the Americas Vasco da Gama rounded Africa and made it to India Both in the 15th century
40
A positive consequence for Columbus mistake
Opened the door for massive Spanish colonization of the New World
41
How many ships did Columbus have?
3- La Niña, La Pinta y la Santa Maria | Crew of 90 people
42
What were Europe motivations in their voyages?
Wanted wealth (gold), goods, land, Christian converts
43
What were China's motivation for their voyages?
They needed no allies, had no unifying religion, wanted no "colonies". (They led nowhere)
44
Which was China and Europe common problem?
Growing population and land shortage China expanded by land Europe by oceanic expansion
45
Which were the new four Islamic states?
Ottoman Empire,
46
Which was the most powerful of the four Empires?
The Ottoman Empire
47
Which parts did the Ottoman Empire occupy?
Anatolian peninsula and SE Europe
48
Where did the Ottoman Empire extended after?
Middle East/N Africa
49
How were the Ottomans called after taking Constantinople?
The terror of the Turk
50
Which was the Ottoman's official religion?
Sunni
51
Which was the Safavid's official religion?
Shia
52
Where was the Safavid Empire located?
Persia
53
Songhay Empire urban elite city
Timbuktu
54
Which Empire became the major center of Islamic learning and commerce?
Songhay Empire
55
The Mughal Empire represented interactions between which two civilizations?
Islamic and Hindu civilizations
56
Which peninsula did the Mughals controlled?
Indian peninsula
57
What positive consequences did the 4 Empires bring to the Islamic world?
Political coherence, military power, economic prosperity, cultural brilliance
58
Transformed from fishing village to major Muslim port-city. City known from "rough behavior"
Malacca
59
Which was the Aztec empire's capital city?
Tenochtitlan

WHistory (8 decks)

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