Unit 1-7 Flashcards
(144 cards)
1
Q
Big Stick
A
The idea is negotiating peacefully but also having strength in case things go wrong. Simultaneously threatening with the “big stick”, or the military
1
Q
Roosevelt Corollary
A
Roosevelt claimed the right to colonize and police anywhere in Latin America
2
Q
Great White Fleet
A
American fleet parading around the world to display dominance
3
Q
Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy
A
Designed to encourage U.S. investments in South and Central American, the Caribbean, and the Far East.
4
Q
Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy
A
The principle of “self-determination,” the moral right of people to choose their form of government and leaders by democratic elections.
5
Q
Hawaii
A
Queen Liliuokalani removed from power by coup to gein sugar production
6
Q
Policy with China pre WWII
A
Open door policy with China
7
Q
Cuba/Spanish-American War
A
The Spanish–American War began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence
8
Q
Zimmerman Note
A
Intercepted messages from Germany telling Mexico to fight against America in return for their land back when Axis powers won
9
Q
Lusitania
A
British cruise liner traveling from New York to Liverpool, England. Attacked and americans died (Excuse to support Britain)
10
Q
Armistice
A
An agreement made by opposing sides in a war to stop fighting for a certain time; a truce.
11
Q
Treaty of Versailles
A
End of WWI and blame Germany
12
Q
Ratification Debate
A
The focus was whether the constitution would be accepted or not. It was a debate between federalists and anti-federalist.
13
Q
American Markets in 1900-1918
A
America needed raw materials to make goods and tariffs to get people to buy american things (Industrialization)
14
Q
Muckrakers
A
Journalists who went out to expose corrupt businesses and governments
15
Q
Yellow Journalism
A
Almost fake news used to catch the attention of readers (Example: Spanish American War)
16
Q
Role of Women 1900-1918
A
Largely limited to home and domestic work
17
Q
Social Darwinism
A
Survival of the fittest (The belief that white, wealthy Americans were biologically superior to other groups) + weak countries deserve to die
18
Q
Military Segregation 1900-1918
A
The American military was completely segregated throughout WWI
19
Q
Isolationism
A
Staying out of shit (America in WWI)
20
Q
Nationalism
A
Supporting your home country (Go america etc.)
21
Q
War propaganda
A
Art, Adds, Songs, to make enemy look bad and distribute a message
22
Q
War Expansion
A
Governments take advantage of war and expand their governments influence
23
Q
Selective Service
A
Gathering troops from around the country to fight in WWI
24
Japanese-US Relations 1853-1941
Japan and the United States were in conflict regarding China. Japan invaded China in 1931 and was beginning to act on expansionist ambitions. The United States was concerned about continuing to trade with China and protect its access
25
Pearl Harbor
The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service upon the United States against the American naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii, just before 8:00 a.m. on Sunday, December 7, 1941
26
D-Day
June 6, 1944: The World War II D-Day invasion of Normandy, France.
27
Quarantine Speech
The speech called for an international "quarantine" against the "epidemic of world lawlessness" by aggressive nations
28
Manhattan Project
Top-secret World War II government program in which the United States rushed to develop and deploy the world's first atomic weapons before Nazi Germany
29
Atlantic Charter
It publicly affirmed the sense of solidarity between the U.S. and Great Britain against Axis aggression(Plans for post WWII)
30
Consumerism
Must buy newest and latest "thing"
31
Causes of Great Depression
The stock market crash of 1929; the collapse of world trade due to the Smoot-Hawley Tariff; government policies; bank failures and panics; and the collapse of the money supply
32
Hoover's Economic Policies
Emergency Relief Construction Act, which allowed the RFC to lend $300 million to the states for relief programs and $1.5 billion for public works projects
33
New Deal 3 R's
Relief for the unemployed and for the poor, recovery of the economy back to normal levels, and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression
34
Deficit Spending
A deficit occurs when the federal government's spending exceeds its revenues
35
Hundred Days Battles
The Hundred Days Offensive (8 August to 11 November 1918) was a series of massive Allied offensives that ended the First World War
36
Cash and Carry
A retail model where customers must pay for their items upfront at the point of sale system without using a store account, layaway, or another payment scheme where the merchant issues credit
37
Lend Lease
Promote the Defense of the United States, was a policy under which the United States supplied the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, France, Republic of China, and other Allied nations with food, oil, and materiel between 1941 and 1945
38
Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was an intellectual and cultural revival of African American music, dance, art, fashion, literature, theater, politics and scholarship centered in Harlem, Manhattan, New York City, spanning the 1920s and 1930s
39
Legacy of the New Deal
Significantly changed American government. It caused a shift in government philosophy causing Americans to believe that the federal government has a responsibility to ensure the nation's economy and the welfare of its citizens.
40
Four Freedoms
Freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear.
41
View on Homefront WWII
People agreed and supported joining the war for the most part
42
FDR executive order 9066
Executive Order 9066 was signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942. The order led to the incarceration of 120,000 Japanese Americans during World War II.
43
Role of Women WWII
Taking over labor jobs of men who were at war and were gaining mroe rights and responsibilities
44
Immigration Quotas
The Immigration Act of 1990 establishes an annual limit of 700,000 visas for quota-restricted immigrants.
45
Prohibition
Ban on alcohol that failed cause people are addicts
46
Fundamentalism
a form of a religion, especially Islam or Protestant Christianity, that upholds belief in the strict, literal interpretation of scripture (KKK, Scopes Trial)
47
First Red Scare
Fear of communists (Palmer Raids, Sacco and Vanzetti)
48
Bonus Army
The Bonus Army was a group of 43,000 demonstrators – 17,000 veterans of U.S. involvement in World War I, their families, and affiliated groups – who gathered in Washington, D.C., in mid-1932 to demand early cash redemption of their service bonus certificates.
49
Palmer Raids
The Palmer Raids were a series of raids conducted in November 1919 and January 1920 by the United States Department of Justice under the administration of President Woodrow Wilson to capture and arrest suspected socialists, especially anarchists and communists, and deport them from the United States
50
Sacco and Vanzetti
Sacco and Vanzetti were charged with committing robbery and murder at the Slater and Morrill shoe factory in South Braintree.
51
Opposition to the New Deal
South in congress disagreed with new deal and kept pushing against it(Should government step in to help economy?)
52
Marshall Plan
Proposed that the United States provide economic assistance to restore the economic infrastructure of postwar Europe.
53
Containment
Keeping communism from spreading any farther than it already has
54
Truman Doctrine
Guaranteed immediate economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey
55
NATO/Warsaw Pact
The names of either sides in the war
56
Domino Theory
One country falls to communism then the countries next to it will also fall
57
United Nations
World government for all countires
58
Berlin Airlift
The Berlin Blockade was one of the first major international crises of the Cold War. During the multinational occupation of post–World War II Germany, the Soviet Union blocked the Western Allies' railway, road, and canal access to the sectors of Berlin under Western control.
59
CIA
The Central Intelligence Agency, known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States
60
Korean War
The Korean War was fought between North Korea and South Korea from 1950 to 1953. The war began on 25 June 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea. The war ceased with an armistice on 27 July 1953.
61
Space Race
The Space Race was a 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the United States and the Soviet Union, to achieve superior spaceflight
62
Brinkmanship
Go as far as possible so the other side breaks
63
Bay of Pigs Invasion
On April 17, the Cuban-exile invasion force, known as Brigade 2506, landed at beaches along the Bay of Pigs and immediately came under heavy fire.
64
Cuban Missile Crisis
Soviets put missiles in cuba and world almost ended cause brinkmanship
65
Plans for containment
Supporting non democratic regimes cause it's at least not communism
66
Communist China
China was taken over by the People's Liberation Army and the Nationalist government retreated to Taiwan
67
Arms Race
ICBM's and nuclear weapons were being developed by both the U.S. and the USSR to have more than the other
68
Military Industrial Complex
Military outsourcing construction contracts to other private companies (NASA, Raytheon, Lockheed Martin)
69
GI Bill
A law that provided a range of benefits for some of the returning World War II veterans.
70
Interstate Highway System
Advanced network of highway systems to help people evacuate populated areas in case of nuclear attacks
71
Levitowns
Copy and pasted houses in almost fake looking towns because of mass production
72
Baby Boom
Lots of babies being made cause of post war economy
73
Affluent Society
Rapid growth in manufacturing and consumption of luxury consumer goods,
74
New Frontier
John F. Kennedy in his acceptance speech in the 1960 United States presidential election to the Democratic National Convention at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum as the Democratic slogan to inspire America to support him.
75
Age of Conformity
A result of consumerism where you had to have the latest fashion item/ blend in with everyone else cause otherwise people looked at you funny
76
Rebellion against conformity
People ended up going against the trends and created their own rebellious trends
77
Teen Subculture
Teens started to distance themselves from normal culture to create their own
77
Early Civil Rights
Early protests and movements for civil rights and is where the movement really gained traction
78
Second Red Scare
people got scared of communism again (McCarthyism, HUAC, Alger Hiss, Rosenbergs, Hollywood 10, Loyalty Oaths)
79
Desegregation of the Military
Order 9981 desegregated the military as ordered by Truman
80
Cointelpro
Secret government program meant to infiltrate and take down anti government views in political groups
81
KKK
Pro white christian group who went way way way way way to far with violence while bribing police
82
Urban Riots
Police abuse and opposing opinions created riots throughout america (Watts, etc.)
83
Kerner Commission
The National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders
84
Johnson's Great Society
Johnson's agenda for Congress in January 1965: aid to education, attack on disease, Medicare, urban renewal, beautification, conservation, development of depressed regions, a wide-scale fight against poverty, control and prevention of crime and delinquency, removal of obstacles to the right to vote
85
Non violent resistance
Proving something is unfair or unjust by using people's emotions to indirectly force change
86
Brown vs. Board of Education
U.S. Supreme Court which ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality
87
Thurgood Marshall
American civil rights lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1967 until 1991. He was the Supreme Court's first African-American justice
88
Martin Luther King Jr.
American Christian minister, activist, and political philosopher who was one of the most prominent leaders in the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968
89
SCLC
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (Mobilizing non violent resistance)
90
De Jure vs. De Facto
When discussing a legal situation, de jure designates what the law says, while de facto designates what actually happens in practice
91
SNCC
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (Black college students, who practiced peaceful, direct action protests)
92
Fannie Lou hamer
American voting and women's rights activist, community organizer, and a leader in the civil rights movement
93
March on Washington
March on Washington or The Great March on Washington, was held in Washington, D.C., on August 28, 1963. The purpose of the march was to advocate for the civil and economic rights of African Americans
94
Civil Rights Act
civil rights and labor law in the United States that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin
95
Voting Rights Act
Federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting
96
Loving v. Virginia
U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that laws banning interracial marriage violate the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
97
Emmett Till
African American boy who was abducted, tortured, and lynched in Mississippi in 1955 at the age of 14, after being accused of offending a white woman, Carolyn Bryant, in her family's grocery store
98
Rosa Parks
Sat in the front of the bus to protest seating regulations against the colored (Later used as the image for the civil rights movement)
99
Black Power Movement
A branch or counterculture within the civil rights movement of the United States, reacting against its more moderate, mainstream, or incremental tendencies and motivated by a desire for safety and self-sufficiency
100
Fred Hampton
Prominence in his late teens and very early 20s in Chicago as deputy chairman of the national Black Panther Party and chair of the Illinois chapter
101
Nation of Islam/Malcolm X
Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a prominent figure during the civil rights movement (Use a bit more force to make a seperate black community in America)
102
SEATO
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
103
Dien Bien Phu
Dien Bien Phu, fought from March 13 to May 7, 1954, was a decisive Vietnamese military victory that brought an end to French controlled Vietnam
104
Gulf of Tonkin
Gulf of Tonkin incident was an international confrontation that led to the United States engaging more directly in the Vietnam War
105
My Lai
Massacre, mass killing of as many as 500 unarmed villagers by U.S. soldiers in the hamlet of My Lai on March 16, 1968, during the Vietnam War
106
Tet Offence
North Vietnamese and communist Viet Cong forces launched a coordinated attack against a number of targets in South Vietnam
107
Guerilla Warfare
Operations carried on by small independent forces, generally in the rear of the enemy, with the objective of harassing, delaying, and disrupting military operations of the enemy
108
Viet Cong
The military branch of the National Liberation Front (NLF), and were commanded by the Central Office for South Vietnam, which was located near the Cambodian border
109
Royal Dutch (Shell)
Major supplier of oil during the vietnam war
110
Television
Television was being advanced and was being used more in political aspects since most houses now had a television
111
News Coverage of War
News reporters took cameras onto the battlefields to record what was actually happening in the wars for people back at home to see
112
Army Nurse Corps
Formally established by the U.S. Congress in 1901. It is one of the six medical special branches of officers which – along with medical enlisted soldiers – comprise the Army Medical Department.
113
(WAC) Women's Army Corps
Their non combat jobs ranged from switchboard operators to mechanics to bakers and beyond
114
Selective Service
Over 18 and a man you must sign up for draft that the government can later call on if more soldiers are needed
115
Nixon to China
Nixon visited China to discuss trade and relations where improvements had been made
116
Iran Hostage Crisis
Diplomatic standoff between Iran and the United States. Fifty-two American diplomats and citizens were held hostage
117
Iran Contra Affair
Political scandal in the United States that occurred during the second term of the Reagan administration (Selling weapons to terrorists and hiding it until proven by documents)
118
Strategic Defence Initiative (Star Wars)
Proposed anti nuclear weapon defence via lasers aka Star Wars weapons
119
Camp David Accords
Political agreements signed by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin on 17 September 1978, following twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David, the country retreat of the President of the United States in Maryland
120
Chernobyl
Nuclear power plant failure spread radiation over multiple countries and was a sign the USSR was falling apart
121
Fall of Berlin wall
Peaceful Revolution, marked the destruction of the Berlin Wall and the figurative Iron Curtain where people joined together to destroy the wall
122
Reaganomics
Cutting federal income taxes, cutting the U.S. government spending budget, cutting programs, scaling down the government workforce, maintaining low interest rates, and keeping a watchful inflation hedge on the monetary supply
123
Silicon Valley
Silicon Valley is a region in Northern California that is a global center for high technology and innovation
124
Oil Embargo
Arab members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) imposed an embargo against the United States in retaliation for the U.S. decision to resupply the Israeli military and to gain leverage in the post-war peace negotiations
125
Forced busing
Failed attempts to diversify the racial makeup of schools in the United States by sending students to school districts other than their own. (Partial cause people lived around segregated schools to start with)
126
New Right
What are the key points of the New Right?
One prominent usage was to describe the emergence of certain Eastern European parties after the collapse of the Soviet Union. In the United States, the Second New Right campaigned against abortion, homosexuality, the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), the Panama Canal Treaty, affirmative action, and most forms of taxation.
127
Roe v. Wade
Court ruled that the Constitution of the United States generally protected a right to have an abortion
128
Silent Majority
The silent majority is an unspecified large group of people in a country or group who do not express their opinions publicly
129
EPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
130
Women's Rights
These include the right to live free from violence and discrimination; to enjoy the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health; to be educated; to own property; to vote; and to earn an equal wage
131
United Farm Workers
The United Farm Workers of America, or more commonly just United Farm Workers, is a labor union for farmworkers in the United States
132
American Indian Movement
American Indian grassroots movement which was founded in Minneapolis, Minnesota
133
LGBTQ Rights
LGBT Americans are explicitly protected from discrimination in employment, housing, and access to public accommodations
134
AIDS epidemic
An ongoing worldwide public health issue. According to the World Health Organization, by 2023, HIV/AIDS had killed approximately 40.4 million people, and approximately 39 million people were infected with HIV globally
135
WaterGate Scandal
The Watergate scandal was a major political scandal in the United States involving the administration of President Richard Nixon from 1972 to 1974 that led to Nixon's resignation
136
Three Mile Island
The Three Mile Island accident was a partial nuclear meltdown of the Unit 2 reactor of the Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station on the Susquehanna River in Londonderry Township, near the capital city of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
137
Oklahoma City Bombing
Domestic terrorist truck bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
138
Waco
Waco massacre, was the siege by U.S. federal government and Texas state law enforcement officials of a compound belonging to the religious cult known as the Branch Davidians
139
911
Large scale terrorist attack on twin towers, pentagon and other possible targets
140
World trae center bombing
Bombing was a terrorist attack carried out on February 26, 1993, when a van bomb detonated below the North Tower of the World Trade Center complex in New York City
141
Rise of Extremist groups
Rise in Far-Right Extremism. Terrorist attacks by right-wing extremists in the United States have increased. Between 2007 and 2011
142
Domestic Security
DHS is committed to adapting and responding to the climate emergency. Addressing Climate Change. Cybersecurity
