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Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Geography

A

The study of where things are found on Earth’s surface and the reasons for the locations

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2
Q

Place

A

A specific point on Earth, distinguished by a particular characteristic

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3
Q

Region

A

An area of Earth defined by one or more distinctive characteristics

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4
Q

Scale

A

The relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole

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5
Q

Space

A

The physical gap or interval between two objects

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6
Q

Connection

A

Relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space

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7
Q

map

A

two dimensional or flat scale model of Earth’s surface, or a portion of it

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8
Q

cartoraphy

A

the science of map making

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9
Q

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A

a system that determines the precise position of something on Earth

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10
Q

geotagging

A

identification and storage of a piece of info by its precise latitude and longitude coordinates

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11
Q

Geographic Information Science (GIScience)

A

analysis of data about Earth acquired through satellite and other electronic information technologies

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12
Q

geographic information system (GIS)

A

captures, store, queries, and displays the geographic data

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13
Q

remote sensing

A

the acquisition of data about Earth’s surface and transmit images in digital form to a receiving station on Earth’s surface

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14
Q

Volunteered geographic information (VGI)

A

the creation and dissemination of geographic data contributed voluntarily and for free by individuals

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15
Q

citizen science

A

scientific research by amateur scientists

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16
Q

participatory GIS (PGIS)

A

community-based mapping

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17
Q

mashup

A

a map that overlays data from one source on top of a map provided by a mapping service

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18
Q

map scale

A

the relationship of a feature’s size on a map to its actual size on Earth

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19
Q

projection

A

the scientific method of transferring locations on Earth’s surface to a flat map

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20
Q

meridian

A

an arc drawn between the North and South poles

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21
Q

longitude

A

the numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distances east and west of the prime meridian

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22
Q

parallel

A

a circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians

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23
Q

latitude

A

the numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator

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24
Q

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

A

the time at the prime meridian and the master reference time for all points on Earth

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25
International Date Line
an arc that for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas. When the International Date Line is crossed heading east, the clock moves back 24 hours, or one entire day. When it is crossed going west, the calendar moves ahead one day.top
26
toponym
the name given to a place on Earth
27
site
the physical character of a place
28
situation
the location of a place relative to other places
29
cultural landscape
a combination of cultural features such as agriculture and industry, and physical features such as climate and vegetation
30
formal region/uniform region
an area within which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics
31
functional region/nodal region
an area organized around a node or focal point
32
vernacular/perceptual region
an area that people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity
33
culture
the body of customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms that together constitute the distinct tradition of a group of people
34
spatial association
occurs within a region if the distribution of one feature is related to the distribution of another feature
35
globalization
a force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope
36
transnational corporation
conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters and principal shareholders are located
37
distribution
the arrangement of a feature in space
38
density
the frequency with which something occurs in space
39
concentration
the extent of a feature's spread over space
40
pattern
the geometric arrangement of objects in space
41
potstructural geography
examines how the powerful in a society dominate, or seek to control
42
humanistic geography
a branch of human geography that emphasizes the different ways that individuals form ideas about place and give those places symbolic meanings
43
Behavorial geography
emphasizes the importance of understanding the psychological basis for individual human actions in space
44
uneven development
the increasing gap in economic condition between regions in the core and periphery that results from the globalization of the economy
45
assimilation
the process by which a group's cultural features are altered to resemble those of another group
46
acculturation
the process of changes in culture that result from the meeting of two groups
47
syncretism
the combination of elements of two groups into a new cultural feature
48
relocation diffusion
the process by which a feature spreads across space from one place to another another over time
49
expansion diffusion
the spread of a feature from one place to another in an additive process
50
Hierarchical diffusion
the spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places
51
contagious diffusion
a rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population
52
stimulus diffusion
the spread of an underlying principle even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse
53
network
a chain of communication that connects places
54
distance decay
the diminished importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin
55
space-time compression
the reduction in time it takes for something to reach another place
56
resource
a substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use
57
sustainability
the use of Earth's resources in ways that ensure their availability in the future
58
climate
the long-term average weather condition at a particular location
59
cultural ecology
the geographic study of human-environment relationships
60
Environmental Determinism
a doctrine that claims that cultural traits are formed and controlled by physical environment
61
Possibilism
the physical environment may limit some human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to their environment
62
Polder
a piece of land that is created by draining water from an area
63
Globalization
a force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope
64
Transnational Corporation
a company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located
65
Distribution
the arrangement of a feature in space
66
density
the frequency with which something occurs in space
67
concentration
the extent of a feature's spread over space
68
pattern
the geometric arrangement of objects in space

APHUG (1 decks)

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