Unit 1 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is biology?
The study of life
Hierarchy organization
Atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
What are the three domains?
Bacteria, archaea, eukaryota
Why classify?
To keep track of things
How many species have scientists discovered?
2 million
How do we find new species?
Must be universally accepted and placed in groups that have similar traits
What is the system of naming organisms called?
Binomial nomenclature
Who gave each organism a two part specific name?
Carolus Linnaeus
What must the genus name have?
Capitalized, underlined, italicized, noun
What must the species name have?
Lower case, underlined, italicized, adjective
What are groups of organisms called?
Taxa (taxon)
What is the order of the hierarchy of classification?
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
What is a polygenic tree and what is it for?
Branched diagram used to receipt hypothesis about evolutionary history of species
What is a cladogram?
Diagram used to show shared characteristics among species
What is the function of the cell membrane and what is it found in?
Regulates what enters and exits the cell, adds protection and support. Found in plant and animal
What is the function of the cell wall and where can it be found?
Adds extra support and protection to the cell. Found in plants
What is the function of the nucleus and where can it be found?
Stores DNA and acts as the command center of the cell. Found in plants and animals
What is the function of the SER and where can it be found?
Transports materials around the inside of the cell, stored special enzymes and chemicals. Found in plants and animals
What is the function of the RER and where can it be found?
Transports materials through the inside of the cell, synthesizes proteins. Found in the plant and animal
What is the function of the ribosome and where can it be found?
Structure that makes proteins. Found in plant and animals
What is the function of the mitochondria and where can it be found?
Transfers chemical energy stored in food (glucose) and turns it into compounds to make it more convenient for the cell
