Unit 1

Question 1

Squamous epithelial cells :

Answer 1

• Used for rapid diffusion
• Present in the alveoli
• Have cilia on the surface

Question 2

Columnar epithelial cells:

Answer 2

• Are 1 cell thick
• Present in the trachea
• Have goblet cells

Question 3

Endothelial tissue is found in the:

Answer 3

Blood vessels

Question 4

Atheromas can be formed in:

Answer 4

Endothelial tissue

Question 5

What type of tissue lines the trachea:

Answer 5

Columnar epithelial tissue

Question 6

What type of tissue is one cell thick:

Answer 6

Squamous epithelial tissue

Question 7

What is the refractory period:

Answer 7

Sodium channels are inactive

Question 8

What is the tail of a bacteria cell called:

Answer 8

Flagella

Question 9

What raethe hairs coming out of a bacteria cell called

Answer 9

Pilus

Question 10

What is the squiggly thing inside of a bacteria cell called

Answer 10

Plasmid / DNA Region

Question 11

What is the capsule looking thing inside of the bacteria cell called

Answer 11

Capsule

Question 12

What is a Eukaryotic cell

Answer 12

A cell without a nucleus

Question 13

What is a prokaryotic cell

Answer 13

A cell without a nucleus

Question 14

The first person to describe cells was

Answer 14

Robert Hooke

Question 15

Electron microscopes have

Answer 15

High Magnification, High Resolution, Cannot see things in colour

Question 16

Light microscopes have

Answer 16

Low Magnification, Low resolution, See things in colour

Question 17

What is the equation for Magnification

Answer 17

Magnification = Image size / Actual size

Question 18

What is the equation for Image size

Answer 18

Image size = Actual size * Magnification

Question 19

What is the equation for Actual Size

Answer 19

Actual size = Image size / Magnification

Question 20

The resolution is

Answer 20

Distinguishing between 2 objects close together

Question 21

What is the role of the cytoplasm

Answer 21

Reactions take place

Question 22

What is the role of the Golgi Apparatus

Answer 22

Packages proteins

Question 23

What is the role of the Nucleolus

Answer 23

Makes ribosomes

Question 24

What is the role of the Centrioles

Answer 24

Form spindle fibres

Question 25

What is the role of Lysosomes

Answer 25

They break down waste material.

Question 26

What are the 4 steps of Gram staining ?

Answer 26

- Application of Crystal Violet (purple dye) - Application of Iodine (Mordant) - Wash of Alcohol (colourisation) - Application of safranin (Counterstain)

Question 27

What are the 6 specialised cells ?

Answer 27

- Root hair Cell - Sperm Cell - Egg Cells - Palisade Mesophyll Cells - White Blood Cells - Red Blood Cells

Question 28

What are the 3 types of muscles?

Answer 28

- Cardiac - Muscle tissue in heart - Skeletal - these are controlled by the autonomic nervous system. These are under Conscious control - Smooth - These are controlled by the autonomic nervous system.

Question 29

What are muscle cells made of?

Answer 29

They are made up of lots of myofibrils. They are made up of lots of muscle tissue.

Question 30

What are myofibrils made of?

Answer 30

They make up muscle cells and they are made up of 2 filliamants

Question 31

What is a sarcomere made of ?

Answer 31

This is a section of myofibrills

Question 32

What is a actin

Answer 32

the thin fillamant

Question 33

What is myosin

Answer 33

the thick filament

Question 34

What is a sarcolemma

Answer 34

Cell membrane (envelope) of muscles. This wraps everything together.

Question 35

What is in the middle of a sarcomere (the gap)

Answer 35

A band

Question 36

What is the middle line called in a sarcomere and what is the bit going through the middle of it called

Answer 36

myosin M Line

Question 37

What band is going from left to right on a sarcomere

Answer 37

I band

Question 38

what is the I band made of

Answer 38

Actin

Question 39

What is the side line called

Answer 39

Z line

Question 40

What is the gap betwenn the 2 sides bits on a sarcomere called

Answer 40

H zone

Question 41

What is the resting potential

Answer 41

-70

Question 42

What is the acting potential

Answer 42

+30

Question 43

What happens at depolarisation

Answer 43

Na+ channels open and moves into axon but only when past the threshold limit

Question 44

what happens at repolarisation

Answer 44

Na+ channels close and K+ open | This makes axon more negative.