Unit 1 Flashcards
How many North Americans can’t see the Milky Way?
80%
According to the article by Kelly and Kelly (2010), which of the following attributes is NOT associated with
a love of watching the night sky?
Greater understanding of the universe.
Which of the following elements are present in the Process of Native Science according to Cajete’s
Philosophy of Native Science book?
Observations
Experiments
Models
Anthropologist Franz Boas and his student Margaret Mead believed that cultures could be classified within an
evolutionary hierarchy in which “savage” cultures were the most primitive, “barbarian” cultures somewhat
more advanced, and “civilized” cultures embodied the pinnacle of cultural progress.
False
According to Unit 1 Slides (which defined by Tylor 1873), which of the following is not part of the definition
of Culture?
Natural Environment
According to Gregory Cajete and his interpretations of the eco-philosophy of Henryk Skolomowski, Native
Science has the potential to revitalize a modern world view. Which of the following is NOT associated with this
world view?
Emphasizing human control over a mechanical universe
For Robert Yazzie of the Navajo Nation, as quoted in the reading by Cajete, what is a key attribute of Navajo
philosophy that differs from western thought?
Connectivity, relationship, and responsibility to elements of the natural world, including animals, plants,
minerals, and other natural phenomena.
According to Unit 1 Slides, which word best describes a perspective in which one is unable to see from any
point of view other than that of their own culture?
Ethnocentric
According to Iaccorino (2003)’s article Science and culture, “modern” science began when?
Half a millenium ago at the time of the Renaissance
According to Iaccorino (2003)’s article “Science and culture”, which of the following is NOT common to all
scientists?
They explain the fundamental nature of reality.
In the McCluskey (1996) reading, science is defined as having four aspects. Which of the following is NOT
one of them?
A well-developed body of mathematical techniques to optimally describe nature.
According to McCluskey (1996)’s article, which of the following astronomical events was used by the
Pawnee to identify discrete times in a calendar?
The motion of stars during the night.
According to McCluskey (1996)’s article, scientific activity has been intimately enmeshed with activities
like religion throughout most of human history.
True
According to “Animism Revisited” by Nurit Bird-David (2011), what is problematic about continued
reference to Tylorian “animism”?
It assumes a 19th-century spiritual/material dichotomy in opposition to materialist science.
It assumes that “animists” understood the world childishly and erroneously, even though the concept still
persists in modern philosophical circles.
It doesn’t accurately describe indigenous beliefs in modern ethnographic terms.
According to the section “Animism in the Modernist Mirror” in “Animism Revisited” by Nurit Bird-David
(2011), what late 19th century English practice influenced Tylor’s ideas about animism?
Seances and spiritualism.
Beliefs of Franz Boas and his student Margaret Mead
The beliefs, values, and practices of a culture must be regarded from the viewpoint of that culture itself
Beliefs of Edward Tylor and Lewis Henry Morgan
Cultural evolution has 3 stages: savagery -> barbarianism -> civilization (old views, no longer correct)
Ethnicity
Cultural characteristics that connect people together
Archeoastronomy
Study of the apparent use of by prehistoric civilizations of astronomical techniques
Ethnoastronomy
Study of knowledge, interpretations, and practices of cultures regarding celestial objects or phenomena
What is the scientific explanation for the North Star, Polaris, being fixed in the sky?
because it is positioned close to the line of Earth’s axis
