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Folk and Myth Flash Cards > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Zeus (Jupiter)

A
  1. Supreme ruler of the Gods
  2. God of the Sky, Rain-God, and Cloud-Gatherer
  3. Wielded the thunderbolt
  4. Associated with the Iliad
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2
Q

Hera (Juno)

A
  1. Zeus’s wife and sister
  2. Ocean and Tethys created her
  3. Quest for the Golden Fleece, protector
  4. Argos was her favorite city. Cow and peacock were sacred.
  5. Protector of marriage
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3
Q

Poseidon (Neptune)

A
  1. Ruler of the sea
  2. Zeus’s brother
  3. Husband of Amphitrite
  4. Called “Earth-shaker”
  5. Carried a trident
  6. Connected with bull and horses
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4
Q

Hades (Pluto)

A
  1. Ruler of the underworld and the dead
  2. God of wealth
  3. “Dis” = rich
  4. Third brother of Olympians
  5. Husband of Persephone (Queen of the Lower World)
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5
Q

Pallas Athena (Minerva)

A
  1. Daughter of Zeus (no mother)
  2. Seen in the Iliad
  3. Goddess of the City, civilized life, or handicrafts and agriculture
  4. Zeus’s favorite child
  5. “gray-eyed”
  6. Associated with Athens, olive trees, and owls
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6
Q

Phoebus Apollo

A
  1. Son of Zeus and Leto
  2. Born in Delos
  3. “Most Greek of all the gods”
  4. Golden lyre
  5. Archer-god, the Healer, God of Truth and Light
  6. Mentioned in Iliad
  7. Direct link to Gods and men.
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7
Q

Artemis (Diana)

A
  1. Apollo’s twin sister, daughter of Zeus and Leto.
  2. Lady of Wild Things, Huntsman-in-chief, the Moon
  3. “goddess of three forms”
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8
Q

Aphrodite (Venus)

A
  1. Goddess of Love and Beauty.
  2. Daughter of Zeus and Dione in the Iliad
  3. “foam-risen”
  4. Wife of Hephaestus
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9
Q

Hermes (Mercury)

A
  1. Son of Zeus and Maia
  2. Extremely quick
  3. Wore winged sandals
  4. Zeus’s messenger
  5. Master Thief
  6. Appears more often in tales
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10
Q

Ares (Mars)

A
  1. God of War
  2. Son of Zeus and Hera
  3. Iliad
  4. Called murderous and blood-stained
  5. Romans like Mars more
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11
Q

Hephaestus (Vulcan and Mulciber)

A
  1. God of fire
  2. Son of Zeus and Hera
  3. Iliad and Odyssey
  4. Lives in a volcano
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12
Q

Hestia (Vesta)

A
  1. Zeus’s sister
  2. Virgin goddess
  3. Plays no parts in myth
  4. Goddess of the Hearth
  5. Vestals, priestesses that cared for her fire in Rome.
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13
Q

Eros

A
  1. Cupid in Latin
  2. God of Love
  3. Aeneid
  4. makes his home in men’s hearts
  5. Cannot do wrong
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14
Q

Hebes

A
  1. Goddess of Youth
  2. Daughter of Zeus and Hera
  3. Cupbearer to the Gods
  4. Married to Hercules
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15
Q

Iris

A
  1. Goddess of the rainbow
  2. messenger of the Gods
  3. Iliad
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16
Q

Graces

A
  1. Aglaia (Splendor), Euphrosyne (Mirth), and Thalia (Good Cheer)
  2. Daughters of Zeus and Eurynome
  3. Queens of Song
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17
Q

Muses

A
  1. Nine of them
  2. Daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne
  3. Originally not distinguished
  4. Had specific fields
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18
Q

Ocean

A
  1. Titan, lord of the river ocean (river that encircled the Earth)
  2. Husband of Tethys
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19
Q

Triton

A
  1. Trumpeter of the Sea
  2. Trumpet was a great shell
  3. Son of Poseidon and Amphitrite
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20
Q

Nereus

A
  1. Old man of the sea
  2. “A trusty god and gentle”
  3. Husband of Doris
  4. 50 daughters, nymphs of the sea
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21
Q

Naiads

A
  1. Water nymphs

2. Dwelled in brooks, springs, and fountains

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22
Q

Rivers of the Underworld

A
  1. Acheron, River of woe
  2. Acheron pours into Cocytus, River of lamentation
  3. Charon ferries souls across the rivers
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23
Q

Cerberus

A
  1. Guards the underworld’s gates
  2. three-headed, dragon-tailed dog.
  3. Spirits pass, but none return
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24
Q

Erinyes (Furies)

A
  1. Punish evildoers (Virgil)
  2. Ministers of justice
  3. Tisiphone, Megaera, and Alecto
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25
Demeter (Ceres)
1. Goddess of Corn 2. Daughter of Cronus and Rhea 3. Supreme deity of the Earth
26
Dionysus (Bacchus)
1. God of the Vine | 2. Supreme deity of the Earth
27
Pan (Faunus)
1. Hermes' son 2. noisy 3. Part animal (goat horns and hoofs_ 4. goatherds' and shepherds' god 5. Musician
28
Silenus
1. Pan's son or brother (depending on story) 2. Fat old man who rode an ass 3. Was too drunk to walk
29
Castor
1. Brother of Pollux 2. Half life in both Heavens and mortal world 3. Son of Leda 4. Protector of Sailors 5. Was a mortal who won half immortality due to his brother's love.
30
Pollux
1. Brother of Castor 2. Son of Leda 3. Protector of sailors 4. Held to be divine
31
Sileni
1. Part man, part horse 2. two legs, but hoofs instead of feet 3. Seen on Greek vases, no stories
32
Satyrs (Fauns)
1. Goat-men | 2. Like Pan
33
Oreads
1. Nymphs of the mountains | 2. Maiden forms
34
Dryads (Hamadryads)
1. Nymphs of trees | 2. life was bound up to a tree
35
Centaurs
1. Half-men, half-horse 2. Savage creatures 3. Chiron was known as being good and wise
36
Gorgons
1. Three in total, two were immortal 2. Dragon-like creatures with wings 3. Look turned men into stone
37
Graiae
1. Lived on an island | 2. Enchanting voices that led sailors to their death
38
Fates
1. Moirae in Greek, Parcae in Latin | 2. Clotho, the spinner; Lachesis, Disposer of Lots; Atropos, she who could not be turned.
39
Pomona
1. Began as a numina | 2. Fell in love with Vertumnus
40
Vertumnus
1. Began as a numina | 2. Fell in love with Pomona
41
Cronus (Saturn)
1. Ruled over the titans until Zeus overthrew him | 2. fled to Italy, bringing the Golden Age
42
Tethys
1. Wife of Ocean
43
Mnemosyne
1. Meaning memory
44
Themis
1. Meaning Justice
45
Atlas
1. Bore the world on his shoulders | 2. Son of Iapetus
46
Prometheus
1. Savior of mankind | 2. Son of Iapetus
47
Hymen
1. God of the Wedding Feast | 2. Accompanied by Eros
48
Nemesis
1. Personified emotion from Homer 2. Righteous anger 3. Will be a god only if all men become wicked
49
Tartarus/Erebus
1. Tartarus = deeper and prison of the Sons of Earth (typically used) 2. Erebus = where the dead pass as soon as they die.
50
Elysian Fields
1. Where the good are sent 2. Place of blessedness 3. Decided by judges
51
Boreas (Aquilo)
1. North Wind | 2. Controlled by Aeolus
52
Zephyr (Favonius)
1. West Wind | 2. Controlled by Aeolus
53
Eurus
1. East Wind | 2. Controlled by Aeolus
54
Persephone
1. Wife of Hades 2. Dual deity 3. Example of youth and beauty 4. Symbol: scepter, torch, seed, and wheat 5. Taken by Hades
55
Io
1. Naiad Nymph 2. Zeus's affection 3. Zeus wrapped the sky with a heavy cloud to protect Io from Hera 4. Tormented by Argus's spirit 5. Turned into a cow
56
Psyche
1. born with overwhelming beauty 2. Travelled to Venus, gave her 4 tasks. 3. Married Cupid 4. Worshipped for her beauty 5. Goddess of the soul 6. Symbol: Butterfly wings
57
Europa
1. "Wide face" 2. Cretan moon goddess 3. Represents feminine beauty 4. Married king of Crete (1st queen)
58
Polyphemus
1. Cyclops 2. Odysseus travels to Sicily and explored a cave 3. Stabbed in the eye and blinded 4. Son of Poseidon (asked him to take revenge on Odysseus)
59
Narcissus
1. Huntsman (son of Cepheus and Liriope) 2. Many fell in love with him but he rejected all of them 3. Fell in love with his own reflection in a body of water 4. Narcissus flower took his place
60
Echo
1. Oread nymph 2. Fairest nymph 3. Favored by Artemis 4. Cursed by Hera to repeat the last thing she heard 5. Infatuated with Narcissus but was rejected and ran into a cave 6. Wasted away and repeated Narcissus
61
Semele
1. Princess of Thebes 2. Daughter of Cadmus and Harmonia 3. God of Concord and Harmony 4. Zeus fell in love and she became pregnant 5. Hera becomes jealous and tricks her 6. Saw true form of Zeus and dies 7. Mother of Dionysus
62
Jason
1. Son of Aeson and heir to Iolcus 2. Sent on a suicide mission by Pelias 3. Athena gave him a branch as a warning 4. Killed Pelias
63
Harpies
1. Gluttonous half-women, half-bird 2. Punish the guilty 3. Punished Phineas for misusing the gift 4. Chased to Strophades Isles
64
Medea
1. Daughter of Aeetes 2. Fell in love with Jason 3. Changed name to Medes and lived in Iran with locals 4. Killed the king to give her father the throne
65
Helios
1. Titan god of the sun 2. Guardian of the Oath and God of Sight 3. Son of Hyperion 4. Symbols: Rooster, white horse, black poplar, heliotrope, and frankincense
66
Chiron
1. Eldest and wisest of the centaurs 2. Son of Cronus 3. Became Sagittarius
67
Heracles
1. Son of Zeus and Alcmene | 2. Performed 12 labors to make amends for his crimes
68
Orpheus
1. Best musician 2. Worshipped no gods except Apollo 3. Killed by Maenads for being an infidel to Dionysus
69
Pyramus and Thisbe
1. Romeo and Juliet equivalent 2. Communicated through a crack in a wall 3. Killed themselves thinking they were both dead
70
Eurydice
1. Nymph 2. Married to Orpheus 3. Bitten by a viper and died 4. Knew that Orpheus loved her unconditionally 5. Hades said that they couldn't look at each other in the underworld
71
Pygmalion
1. Sculptor that hated women 2. Created a sculpture that he fell in love with 3. Cyprus 4. Wife = Galatea 5. Father of Paphos
72
Galatea
1. Made of ivory 2. symbol: a blooming flower 3. Rarely talked and didn't have opinions
73
Baucis and Philemon
1. Old couple that lived in poverty (peaceful) 2. Lived in Phrygia 3. hospitable to Zeus and Hermes when no one in the city helped them 4. Made them temple priests and died together at the same time. 5. Became intertwining trees
74
Endymion
1. Handsome shepherd who was loved by Selene 2. Son of Kalkye and Aethlios 3. Symbol: youth
75
Alpheus
1. River god of Eponymous river 2. son of Oceanus and Tethys 3. Married Telgone and birthed Kind Orsilochous
76
Arethusa
1. Naiad nymph of the sacred spring | 2. Appeared on coins around Ortygia
77
Phaethon
1. Son of Helios 2. Tried to ride chariot across the sky to prove that he was the son of Helios. 3. Couldn't control it and incinerated half of the Earth. 4. Zeus struck him down and died in the river Po
78
Otus and Ephialtes
1. Children of Poseidon and Iphimidea 2. Twin giants 3. Thought they were superior 4. Angered the gods 5. Tried to kidnap Hera and Artemis 6. Killed each other accidentally.
79
Pegasus
1. Immortal winged horse 2. Born by Medusa's blood 3. Belonged to Belephron 4. Zeus took him
80
Bellerophon
1. Son of Poseidon and Eurynome 2. Killed his brother accidentally 3. Defeated chimera 4. Husband of Philonoe 5. Believed he was worthy of Mt. Olympus but was killed
81
Midas
1. King of Phrygia 2. Known for greed and foolishness 3. Turned everything he touched into gold (Dionysus 4. Midas Star
82
Daedalus
1. Inventor, architect, and craftsman 2. Descendant of Hephaestus 3. Father of Icarus 4. Constructed labyrinth 5. Imprisoned in the labyrinth but escaped by making wings but fell into the sea 6. Killed by Minos
83
Icarus
1. Father made him wings out of feathers and wax 2. Warned to not fly too high 3. Fell into the sea 4. Ikarian sea
84
Minotaur (Astenio)
1. Son of Pasiphae and Poseidon 2. Minos prayed to Poseidon for a sacrifice 3. Poseidon cursed Minos's wife to fall in love with a bull 4. Ate people since that was his only food source.
85
Theseus
1. Greatest Athenian hero 2. Son of Aegeus and Aethra 3. Married Adriadne 4. Killed minotaur 5. Symbol: Sword and sandals
86
Aegeus
1. Son of Pandion and grandson of Cecrops 2. Married Aethra 3. Founder of Athens 4. Killed himself since he believed that Theseus was killed. 5. Sea named Aegean
87
Phaedra
1. Sister of Ariadne and half-sister to Minotaur 2. Killed herself because Hippolytus didn't like her 3. Wrote a suicide letter that got Hippolytus killed
88
Amazons
1. Warrior women 2. Daughters of nymph 3. Ares was the father 4. Penthesilea and Hippolyta were the queens of the Amazons
89
Arachne
1. Skilled weaver who challenged Athena | 2. Lost and turned into a spider
90
Callisto
1. Daughter of Lycaon 2. Attendant of Artemis 3. Vow of chastity 4. Transformed into a bear 5. Constellation Arctophylax (Ursa Major and Ursa Minor)
91
Hecate
1. Daughter of Perseus and Asteria 2. Scylla, Circa, Aeetes, and Pasiphae 3. Triple bodied
92
Circe
1. Vengeful lover 2. Goddess of magic, a specialist in herbs and potions 3. Turned enemies into animals 4. Symbols: lions, pigs, mandrake, and nightshades
93
Atlanta
1. Daughter of Schoeneus 2. Abandoned in woods and found by Artemis 3. Huntress 4. Sailed with Argonauts 5. Married Hippomenes after losing a foot race 6. Turned into a lion by Aphrodite as punishment for desecrating a temple.
94
Pleiades
1. Seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione 2. Had children with gods except for Merope who married king Sisyphus 3. Zeus protects them from Orion and makes the stars
95
Orion
1. Son of Poseidon and Euryale 2. Walked on water 3. Giant hunter with an unbreakable club made of bronze 4. Hunted for the Pleiades
96
Perseus
1. Son of Danae and Zeus 2. Reduced Andromeda from a sea serpent, fell in love with her and married her 3. Accidently killed his grandfather in a discus competition 4. Killed Medusa 5. Used head to kill king
97
Medusa
1. Mortal gorgon 2. Punished by Athena to become a gorgon 3. Killed by Medusa
98
Maenads
1. Female followers of Dionysus | 2. Chaotic
99
Ariadne
1. Daughter of King Minos
100
Gaea
1. Wife and mother of Uranus | 2. Mother to all
101
Rhea
1. Titan 2. Sister of Cronus 3. Gives birth to Zeus and many of the Gods
102
Pandora
1. A mortal made by Zeus to punish Prometheus for stealing fire 2. Opens Pandora's box and releases horrors into the world
103
Aeneas
1. Survivor of the Trojan War 2. Son of Venus and Anchises 3. Found Rome
104
Dido
1. Queen of Carthage 2. Lover of Aeneas 3. Kills herself with his sword when he leaves
105
Sibyl
1. Priestess of Apollo 2. Guides Aeneas through the underworld 3. Commanded him to find a golden branch to test his fate
106
Lavinia
1. Latinus's daughter 2. Turnus and Aeneas fight on who will marry her 3. Aeneas marries her and she gives birth to Silvius who becomes the ruler of the Alba Longa
107
Turnus
1. Commander of Latium's army 2. Killed by Aeneas 3. Son of Daunus and Venilia
108
Hyacinthus
1. Lover of Apollo | 2. Attempted to impress him but was killed in the process with a discus
109
Adonis
1. God of Beauty and Desire | 2. Son of Thesias
110
Ceyx
1. Son of Hesperus 2. King of Trachis 3. Died due to a storm
111
Alcyone
1. Daughter of Aeolus | 2. Killed herself after she learned of her husband's death
112
Morpheus
1. Dispatched to Alcyone of Ceyx's death
113
Tantalus
1. Eternal Punishment in Tartarus 2. Punished by Zeus to be forever hungry and thirsty 3. Killed his son

Folk and Myth Flash Cards (1 decks)

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