unit 1

Question 1

hcooh iupac name

Answer 1

methanoic acid

Question 2

ch3cooh ethanoic acid common name

Answer 2

acetic acid

Question 3

ch3(ch2)14cooh

Answer 3

palmitic acid

Question 4

18 carbon carboxylic acid

Answer 4

stearic acid

Question 5

20 carbon carboxylic acid

Answer 5

arachidic acid

Question 6

ends in -al

Answer 6

aldehyde r-c=0

Question 7

a hydroxly group attached to the cyclic aromatic structure

Answer 7

phenol and catecholamine

Question 8

a cyclic =o

Answer 8

quinone

Question 9

ubiquinone is coQ and is a component of electron transport chain in?

Answer 9

mitochondria

Question 10

formed by carboxylic acids and amines

Answer 10

amide

Question 11

fromed by replacing 1 or more H of NH3 with alkyl or derivative

Answer 11

amine

Question 12

oxygen btwn alkyl groups

Answer 12

ether

Question 13

vesicle structures containing oxidases

Answer 13

peroxisome

Question 14

vesicles with hydrolytic enzymes

Answer 14

lysosomes

Question 15

glycosylation of proteins

Answer 15

golgi apparatus

Question 16

contains enzymes for phospholipd steroid and proteoglycan synthesis

Answer 16

er

Question 17

polymers of these carboxylic acids form amide bonds

Answer 17

amino acids, peptide bonds, proteins

Question 18

primary functional group is aldehyde and ketone

Answer 18

carbs

Question 19

heterogenous fxn group are in what two substances

Answer 19

lipids and vitamins

Question 20

polymers are phosphodiesters

Answer 20

nucleic acids

Question 21

primary functional group of amino acids, peptides and proteins is?

Answer 21

cooh

Question 22

name 3 aliphatic side chains

Answer 22

val, leu, Ile

Question 23

name 3 hydroxyl side groups

Answer 23

tyr, hyl, hyp

Question 24

name 2 sulfur side groups

Answer 24

cys met

Question 25

name 2 carboxyl/ amide side groups

Answer 25

asp, glu/asn, gln

Question 26

name 2 aromatic side groups

Answer 26

phe, tyr

Question 27

what are 3 intermediates in the synthesis of ureas?

Answer 27

citrulline, arginosuccininc acid, and ornithine

Question 28

most amino acids in nature are in what form?

Answer 28

L-alpha

Question 29

when 4 groups on a carbon are different= chiral carbons | two of these structures are known as?

Answer 29

enantiomers

Question 30

if something rotates polarized light to the right it is ?

Answer 30

d | its l if it rotates to left

Question 31

a molecule with both positive and negative charges is

Answer 31

zwitterion

Question 32

what r group absorbs uv light?

Answer 32

aromatic

Question 33

a protein with a carb covalently attached is?

Answer 33

glycoprotein

Question 34

what kind of bonds are formed btwn carbs and amino acids

Answer 34

glycosidic bonds

Question 35

what are 2 enkaphalins we should know?

Answer 35

leu-enkaphalin and met-enkaphalin

Question 36

what are the 2 components of heme?

Answer 36

fe2+ and porphyrin

Question 37

in the synthesis of collagen, what happens to proline and lysine?

Answer 37

they are hydroxylated

Question 38

the genetic mutation in which gly turns to cys, results in bone bending

Answer 38

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 39

deforemd spine, bone demineraliztion and joint dislocation due to deficiency of lysl oxidase is?

Answer 39

lathyrism

Question 40

a conjugated protein contains what 2 things?

Answer 40

a base protein= apoprotein | conjugated pair= prostethic group

Question 41

where are antibodies and glycophorin from?

Answer 41

glycoproteins

Question 42

where are hb, and cytochromes from?

Answer 42

hemoproteins

Question 43

where are chylomicrons, ldl, hdl, vldl, found

Answer 43

lipoproteins

Question 44

casein is found?

Answer 44

phosphoproteins

Question 45

protease and some hemoproteins (ferredoxin) are from

Answer 45

metalloproteins

Question 46

a carb that is less than 6 monosaccharide units?

Answer 46

oligosaccharide

Question 47

what are the names of some trioses?

Answer 47

glyceraldehyde, glycerose, dhidroxyacetone

Question 48

what are the names of some tetroses

Answer 48

erythrose, erythrulose

Question 49

pentoses?

Answer 49

ribose, xylose, deoxyribose, ribulose, xylulose

Question 50

hexoses?

Answer 50

glucose, galactose, mannose, fructose

Question 51

d-glucose+ d-galactose=

Answer 51

lactose

Question 52

glucose+ fructose=

Answer 52

sucrose

Question 53

dimer of d-glucose=

Answer 53

maltose

Question 54

dimer of d-glucose with beta 1-4 bond=

Answer 54

cellobiose

Question 55

what three compunds does starch break into?

Answer 55

glucose, maltose, and isomaltose

Question 56

xylose is always the sugar present in the largest amount in this mixture of non-carbs and polysachs

Answer 56

hemicellulose | not as strong as cellulose

Question 57

polymers of methoxy phenols such as vanillin are called

Answer 57

lignins

Question 58

extensin is a type of ______ found in dietary fibers

Answer 58

glycoprotein

Question 59

what are sugar phosphates used for in biological systems?

Answer 59

to store and transfer energy

Question 60

waxes contain which functional group

Answer 60

esters

Question 61

_______ is formed from the reduction of carbs?

Answer 61

poyols

Question 62

dihydroxyacetone reduces into ?

Answer 62

glycerol

Question 63

_______ is formed fromt eh oxidation of carbs?

Answer 63

sugar acids

Question 64

what is in the vitreous humor of eyes and joint lube in synovial fluid?

Answer 64

hyaluronic acid

Question 65

unbranched, repeating dissachs, polymers of carb derivatives. has a long name. whats shortened version

Answer 65

GAGS

Question 66

protein backbone for GAGs is?

Answer 66

proteoglycans

Question 67

glyco proteins are proteins with attached?

Answer 67

oligosacchs

Question 68

name 3 types of steroisomers

Answer 68

epimeres (oh), D &L isomers, alpha and beta

Question 69

50:50 of d and l isomers is?

Answer 69

racemic mixture

Question 70

sugars get reduced to

Answer 70

polyols

Question 71

sugars get oxidized to

Answer 71

sugar acids

Question 72

16 chain safa

Answer 72

palmitic acid

Question 73

18 chain safa

Answer 73

stearic acid

Question 74

20 chain safa

Answer 74

arachidic

Question 75

essential fatty acid PUFAs

Answer 75

linoleic acid and alpha linolenic acid

Question 76

conditionally essential fattys

Answer 76

GLA, AA, EPA

Question 77

CONVERSION

Answer 77

LA>GLA>DGLA>AA

Question 78

CONVERSION

Answer 78

ALA>EPA>DHA

Question 79

VIT A, E AND K ARE?

Answer 79

ISOPRENOID LIPIDS

Question 80

hydrophobicity?

Answer 80

c and h bonds do not have polarity so they dont form ionic or h bonds

Question 81

whats an amphipathic lipid?

Answer 81

both hydrophobic and hydrophillic, this forms micelles

Question 82

micelles are?

Answer 82

particles with a hydrophobic core and hydrophillic surface

Question 83

spoilage of lipid foods due to autooxidation

Answer 83

oxidative rancidity

Question 84

due to bacterial hydrolysis

Answer 84

hydrolytic rancidity

Question 85

nucleic acids are composed of what 3 things

Answer 85

heterocyclic nitrogen bases, pentoses, and phosphatte

Question 86

what makes a nucleoside?

Answer 86

nitrogen base + pentose

Question 87

what makes a nucleotide

Answer 87

nucleoside + phosphate

Question 88

what contians the codons for directing the sequence of amino acids of a polypeptide?

Answer 88

mRNA

Question 89

a cloverleaf structure with hairpin loops, transfer amino acids to ribosomal site where protein synth takes place

Answer 89

tRNA