Unit 1

Question 1

Simple steps of CPU

Answer 1

Fetch, Decode, and Execute.

Question 2

Two types of memory

Answer 2

Hard drives and Random Access Memory

Question 3

What type of storage is Ram?

Answer 3

Short term

Question 4

What type of storage is hard drives and disks?

Answer 4

Long term

Question 5

Ram is permanently stored

Answer 5

False

Question 6

What are some examples of removable storage media? Does this type of media lose its memory when removed or swapped?

Answer 6

USB sticks and removable hard drives; No

Question 7

What are some other formats of Input and output?

Answer 7

IO and I/O

Question 8

Input and output are relatively separate

Answer 8

True

Question 9

There are multiple different types of IO

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What is an OS?

Answer 10

is a special system program that manages the software and hardware of a computer, tablet, or smartphone.

Question 11

Do handheld gaming consoles have their own os?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

OS needs to be suitable for the hardware it is running on(For example, a 15-year-old laptop may be capable of running an operating system like Windows XP, but it would struggle to start up a brand new version of Windows 10)

Answer 12

True

Question 13

An operating system is simply a backdrop to any further software that a machine uses

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Main tasks of an OS:

Answer 14

Provides and Interface

Manages Memory

Manages the CPU

Maintains the file system

Provides Basic Security

Question 15

For mobile apps, there is no large computer, or full-size CPU to process information

Answer 15

True( software must be coded on lower specs)

Question 16

Touchscreen controls are easy to interact with

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What are web browsers?

Answer 17

It is software specifically designed to let you view and interact with online content

Question 18

How do web browsers communicate across the Internet?

Answer 18

They use rules called protocols

Question 19

What is an example of a protocol?

Answer 19

HTTP or hypertext transfer protocols(the foundation of data communication in the world wide web)

Question 20

All browsers perform the same basic functions

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What is the difference between Microsoft word and a plain text editor?

Answer 21

Microsoft word is used to edit, format, and style pieces of text, while a plain text editor can also type and edit text, there is no styling like fonts, and there aren’t preformatted options like footnotes and headings.

Question 22

What are some uses of different text editors?

Answer 22

Some are shipped with an OS to allow users to edit configuration files or can be embedded online to make them useful for web development

Question 23

Text Editors are always individual pieces of software

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Essentially, what are compilers?

Answer 24

Translators

Question 25

When a compiler is run...

Answer 25

you will see it taking text from the editor and running through each line as it changes into something useful that a machine can execute

Question 26

Instructions in programming will often be written as a high-level programming language

Answer 26

True

Question 27

In order for a computer to follow the instructions, the instructions need to be translated to

Answer 27

Machine Code(This is the job of the compiler)

Question 28

Linkers are similar to compilers

Answer 28

True

Question 29

. Once a compiler has created a set of executable instructions, a linker will chain them together and combine them into a single executable file

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Linkers are treated as afterthoughts

Answer 30

True

Question 31

What is a loader?

Answer 31

a loader is a slightly different kind of linker(both are advanced tools) that takes a single instruction provided by a compiler and turns it into an executable file.

Question 32

What do APIs contain?

Answer 32

Subroutines, communication protocols, and software building tools that allow for complex pieces of code

Question 33

APIs don't come with disadvantages

Answer 33

True

Question 34

This means that a suitable API can really make developing software easier, while choosing an unsuitable one can drag things out and make them unnecessarily complicated.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What are examples of popular APIs?

Answer 35

Skyscanner Flight Search, Open Weather Map, API-Football, and Yahoo Finance

Question 36

There is no overlap between APIs and Libraries. Neither provides helpful resources.

Answer 36

False

Question 37

Where an API may contain a ready-made set of security protocols that help keep a piece of software safe, a good library may contain help data or message templates that help the programmer create their own protocols.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What is an application of a library?

Answer 38

A library can be a shortcut to insert definitions or functions

Question 39

There are hundreds, maybe thousands of APIs and libraries.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Once a programmer has written a code, it is important to make sure it’s error free and will run properly when compiled

Answer 40

True

Question 41

What does a debugger do?

Answer 41

To put it simply, a debugger tests your program by simulating it from start to finish in order to see if it can work. It won’t catch all errors, but it’s a key tool for developers. It uses instruction-set simulators

Question 42

If it fails the test, basic error codes may be provided

Answer 42

True

Question 43

What will debuggers sometimes do?

Answer 43

Sometimes it will simply stop running at a certain point though, and it will be up to the programmer to figure out why things went wrong.

Question 44

On what line are errors and problems identified?

Answer 44

the line in code in which the problem occurs

Question 45

A good idea is to generate and simulate a bunch of tests, where you can set the parameters and define events or actions that might happen

Answer 45

True

Question 46

What does a test generator do?

Answer 46

These utilities will look at the source code and language used and, from this, generate numerous tests that will go through all of the available functionality and generate simulated inputs.

Question 47

Test generators don't run faster than human testers

Answer 47

False

Question 48

Test generators don't require additional resources, so they are cost effective

Answer 48

True

Question 49

What does a code analyzer do?

Answer 49

A code analyzer takes an in-depth look at the code and employs wider-reaching analysis to look at the structure of the program as a whole. A good code analyzer is the difference between a script that runs and one that is clean and likely to run wherever it’s implemented. It will review source code and look for known, common errors that are important to find and fix. Code analyzers will also look at the programming context and, with all of this information, make assessments and reports on not just the functionality but also the security of the code.

Question 50

What does the output of a code analyzer look like?

Answer 50

it is usually presented in the form of easily understandable, yet detailed graphs or tables.

Question 51

It can be used to pick apart and fix individual problems, as well as make a more robust application all-round.

Answer 51

True