Unit 1 and 2

Question 1

What is the definition of ecology?

Answer 1

Ecology is the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment.

Question 2

True or False: A biome is a large geographical area characterized by specific climate and ecosystems.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The ___________ is the region of the Earth where life exists.

Answer 3

biosphere

Question 4

What are the two main components of an ecosystem?

Answer 4

Biotic and abiotic factors.

Question 5

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a biotic factor? A) Temperature B) Water C) Plants D) Sunlight

Answer 5

C) Plants

Question 6

What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?

Answer 6

The Sun.

Question 7

True or False: The nitrogen cycle includes processes such as nitrogen fixation and denitrification.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is a keystone species?

Answer 8

A species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance.

Question 9

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a density-dependent factor? A) Natural disasters B) Disease C) Temperature D) Habitat destruction

Answer 9

B) Disease

Question 10

Fill in the blank: In a food chain, ___________ are organisms that produce their own food.

Answer 10

producers

Question 11

What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?

Answer 11

Primary succession occurs on previously uninhabited land, while secondary succession occurs in areas where a disturbance has destroyed a community but left the soil intact.

Question 12

True or False: Invasive species can disrupt local ecosystems.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What is biodiversity?

Answer 13

The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

Question 14

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a major threat to biodiversity? A) Pollution B) Deforestation C) Climate change D) All of the above

Answer 14

D) All of the above

Question 15

Fill in the blank: The ___________ cycle describes the movement of water through the environment.

Answer 15

hydrologic

Question 16

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

Answer 16

Decomposers break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil.

Question 17

True or False: A trophic level represents the position an organism occupies in a food chain.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

What is the greenhouse effect?

Answer 18

The warming of the Earth due to the trapping of heat by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Question 19

Multiple Choice: Which gas is most associated with climate change? A) Oxygen B) Carbon Dioxide C) Nitrogen D) Helium

Answer 19

B) Carbon Dioxide

Question 20

Fill in the blank: ___________ refers to the gradual increase in Earth’s average surface temperature due to human activities.

Answer 20

Global warming

Question 21

What is sustainable development?

Answer 21

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 22

True or False: Renewable resources are resources that can be replenished naturally over time.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What is an ecosystem service?

Answer 23

The benefits that humans receive from ecosystems, such as clean water, pollination, and climate regulation.

Question 24

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of biodiversity? A) Genetic B) Species C) Ecosystem D) Industrial

Answer 24

D) Industrial

Question 25

Fill in the blank: ___________ is the process by which organisms best suited to their environment survive and reproduce.

Answer 25

Natural selection

Question 26

What is the difference between weather and climate?

Answer 26

Weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions, while climate refers to long-term patterns and averages.

Question 27

True or False: Habitat fragmentation can lead to increased biodiversity.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

What is a carbon footprint?

Answer 28

The total amount of greenhouse gases emitted directly and indirectly by an individual or organization.

Question 29

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a consequence of deforestation? A) Increased biodiversity B) Climate change C) Soil erosion D) Both B and C

Answer 29

D) Both B and C

Question 30

Fill in the blank: ___________ refers to the variety of ecosystems within a given area.

Answer 30

Ecosystem diversity

Question 31

What is a renewable resource? Give an example.

Answer 31

A renewable resource is a resource that can be replenished naturally; for example, solar energy.

Question 32

True or False: The ozone layer protects the Earth from harmful UV radiation.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

What is the primary cause of ocean acidification?

Answer 33

Increased carbon dioxide absorption by the oceans.

Question 34

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a nonrenewable resource? A) Wind B) Coal C) Solar D) Biomass

Answer 34

B) Coal

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The ___________ is the maximum population size that an environment can sustain.

Answer 35

carrying capacity

Question 36

What is biomagnification?

Answer 36

The process by which the concentration of toxic substances increases in organisms as they move up the food chain.

Question 37

True or False: Eutrophication occurs when water bodies receive excess nutrients, leading to algal blooms.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What is the role of photosynthesis in the carbon cycle?

Answer 38

Photosynthesis absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and converts it into organic matter.

Question 39

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a method of reducing waste? A) Recycling B) Incineration C) Landfilling D) All of the above

Answer 39

A) Recycling

Question 40

Fill in the blank: ___________ is the study of how humans interact with their environment.

Answer 40

Environmental science

Question 41

What is the significance of the 1970 Clean Air Act?

Answer 41

It established regulations to control air pollution in the United States.