Unit 1 - Anesthesia Intro

Question 1

General description of anesthesia

Answer 1

• Loss of feeling or sensation (including pain)
• Intentional
• Reversible
• Local, regional, general

Question 2

Local anesthesia

Answer 2

• loss of feeling or sensation to a specific area due to local desensitization
• freezing / line blocks

Question 3

Regional anesthesia

Answer 3

• loss of feeling or sensation to a large part of the body (limb, abdomen)
• due to desensitization of SPINAL NERVES and/or PERIPHERAL NERVE BUNDLES
• spinal block, epidural

Question 4

General anesthesia

Answer 4

• anesthetics due to depression of the CNS
• affects entire body
• “coma-like state”
• patient neither perceives nor recalls noxious stimuli
• increased risk for adverse effects

Question 5

Tranquilization

Answer 5

• reduces anxiety and produces sense of tranquility
• “antianxiety” “calm”
• reduces ability to respond to stimuli
• no change in ability to perceive pain

Question 6

Sedation

Answer 6

• more profound than tranquilization and produces drowsiness and/or hypnosis
• reduce anxiety, reduce ability to respond to stimuli
• decrease pain sensation
• animal is conscious
• 3 levels

Question 7

1st level of sedation

Answer 7

light sedation

Question 8

2nd level of sedation

Answer 8

• moderate sedation

Question 9

3rd level of sedation

Answer 9

• heavy sedation

Question 10

Hypnosis, Narcosis

Answer 10

• greater degree of CNS depression
• consciousness affected (entering unconscious state)
• overlaps with stage 1 and 2 of GA

Question 11

Surgical anesthesia

Answer 11

• patient unconscious
• no pain perception
• significant CNS depression

Question 12

Analgesia

Answer 12

• relief of pain without loss of consciousness

Question 13

Analgesic

Answer 13

• a drug that relieves pain

Question 14

Multimodal anesthesia/analgesia

Answer 14

balanced anesthesia

Question 15

Balanced anesthesia

Answer 15

• using multiple drugs in a combination
• in smaller doses than if only using 1 drug
• obtain appropriate CNS depression to perform a specific procedure

Question 16

Balanced anesthesia includes

Answer 16

• pre-med
• induction agent
• maintenance anesthetic
• analgesics (pre and intra operative)

Question 17

Benefits of balanced anesthesia

Answer 17

• limits adverse effects of each drug
• maximizes the benefits of each drug
• accounts for motor, sensory (PAIN), reflex and mental aspects of NS

Question 18

Balances anesthesia protocol must take into account:

Answer 18

• the patient
• procedure
• facilities available

Question 19

True or false: your anesthetic protocol changes between every patient

Answer 19

• true
• sometimes for the same patient

Question 20

RVT’s role

Answer 20

• prep, operation, and maintenance of anesthetic equipment
• administration of anesthetic agents
• endotracheal intubation
• patient monitoring
• planning

Question 21

RVT’s role: patient assessment

Answer 21

• weight
• TPR
• assess pre-procedure mentation and pain
• any preanesthetic diagnostics (blood, rads)

Question 22

RVT’s role: premed

Answer 22

• calculate dosages, administering medication
• assessing degree of sedation after administration
• responding to adverse reactions to sedation/premed

Question 23

RVT’s role: surgical fluids

Answer 23

• setting up fluids
• catheter placement
• calculating fluid rates based on fluid plan

Question 24

RVT’s role: induction

Answer 24

• calculating and administering anesthetic dose
• endotracheal intubation
• assessing anesthetic depth
• patient monitoring