unit 1 aos 1 - psychological development

Question 1

what is the biopsychosocial model

Answer 1

The biopsychosocial model is a holistic, interdisciplinary framework for understanding the human experience in terms of the influence of biological, psychological, and social factors

Question 2

what is emotional development?

Answer 2

Emotional development refers to the continuous, lifelong development of skills that allow individuals to control, express, and recognise emotions in an appropriate way

Question 3

what are the 4 ccharacteristics of strong attachment

Answer 3

Proximity maintenance
Desire to stay near their attachment target
Safe haven
Ability to return to attachment target for safety when scared or feeling unsafe
Secure base
Sees the attachment target as a safe point from which to explore their environment
Separation distress
Anxiety is felt when attachment target leaves

Question 4

what is the Attachment Theory?

Answer 4

Main idea is that infants need a secure relationship with an adult caregiver in order for healthy emotional development

Question 5

what is cognitive development?

Answer 5

Cognitive development refers to the continuous, lifelong development of the ability to think, comprehend, and organise information from the internal and external environment

Question 6

what are some characteristics of the Sensorimotor Stage?

Answer 6

0-2 years
Children develop object permanence, meaning they understand that an object continues to exist even if it cannot be seen.
Children will begin to perform goal-directed behaviour, which involves engaging in behaviour to meet a goal that has been purposefully planned.

Question 7

what are some characteristics of the Pre-Operational Stage?

Answer 7

2-7 years
At the beginning of this stage, children are egocentric, meaning that they cannot understand the perspectives of others. In such a way, children may believe that the way in which they think about the world is exactly the same as how everyone else does. By the end of this stage, children should overcome this egocentrism.
Children learn to understand reversibility (the knowledge that objects are able to change and then return to their original form). An example of this is playdough, which you can roll out into a long, thin line and then return it to its original shape as a round ball.

Question 8

what are some characteristics of the Concrete Operational stage?

Answer 8

7-12 years
Children develop the understanding of conservation, which is the knowledge that the properties of an object remain consistent even when the object’s appearance is altered.

Children are able to perform simple mental operations, such as mathematical skills, including addition and subtraction.

Question 9

what are some characteristics of the Formal Operational stage?

Answer 9

12+ years
Children develop the ability to produce abstract thought, which involves the consideration of concepts that are not tangible and therefore require imagination rather than senses.

Children develop the ability to use reason and logic.

Question 10

what are the eriksons stages?

Answer 10

1. trust vs mistrust (infant)
2. autonomy vs shame and doubt (toddler)
3. initiative vs guilt (pre-schooler)
4. industry vs infuriation (primary school)
5. identity vs role confusion (adolescent)
6. intimacy vs isolation (young adult)
7. generatively vs stagnation (middle age)
8. integrally vs despair (older adult)