Unit 1: AOS 3 - Health and Nutrition

Question 1

What are nutrients?

Answer 1

Nutrients are substances that provide nourishment essential for the maintenance of life & for growth.

Question 2

What are the 6 categories of nutrients?

Answer 2

1. Carbohydrates
2. Fats/Lipids
3. Protein
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
6. Water

Question 3

What are macronutrients?

Answer 3

• Macronutrients are required by the body in large amounts, e.g. carbohydrates, protein, fats/lipids
• These are the only nutrients that provide the body with energy (measured in kilojoules)

Question 4

What are micronutrients?

Answer 4

• Micronutrients are required by the body in small amounts, e.g. Vitamins and Minerals

Question 5

What is the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating (AGHE)?

Answer 5

• A food selection model that is a visual representation of the Australian Dietary Guidelines.
• It is divided into portions from each of the five food groups:
  *Fruit
  *Vegetables and legumes
  *Grains, mostly wholegrain
  *Lean meats, poultry, seafood, eggs, tofu, nuts and seeds
  *milk, yoghurt and cheese products (or alternatives)
• Each wedge reflects the proportion that each food group should contribute to our daily food consumption

Question 6

What are the strengths of the AGHE?

Answer 6

• Pictorial
• Minimal language skills needed
• Easy to understand
• No foods are banned
• Encourages to drink water

Question 7

What are the limitations of the AGHE?

Answer 7

• Difficult to classify compound foods
• No amounts are specified, or serving sizes
• Cultural diversity in foods is limited

Question 8

What is the Healthy Eating Pyramid?

Answer 8

The pyramid represents foods from the basic food groups and arranges them into four levels, indicating the proportion of different types of food that should be consumed.

Question 9

What is the Health Star Rating System?

Answer 9

• Rates the overall nutritional profile of the packaged food from ½ star to 5 stars.
• Is a quick and easy way to compare similar foods.
• It is voluntary and companies do not have to pay a fee to apply for the health star rating.

Question 10

What is Nutritional Imbalance?

Answer 10

Also known as malnutrition, occurs when there’s a lack of essential nutrients or an excessive intake of certain nutrients.

Question 11

What are the short-term effects of Nutritional Imbalance?

Answer 11

• Hypertension
• Dehydration
• Constipation
• Fatigue
• High blood cholesterol

Question 12

What are the long-term effects of Nutritional Imbalance?

Answer 12

• Tooth decay
• Overweight/obesity
• Cardiovascular disease
• Osteoporosis
• Anaemia
• Colorectal cancer