Unit 1: Bonding

Question 1

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 1

strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions held in a giant regular lattice structure

Question 2

What is the strength of ionic bonding given by?

Answer 2

lattice enthalpy

Question 3

How do you test for ions?

Answer 3

the solution/liquid will conduct a current, ions will migrate to electrodes, there is no single line in electron density maps

Question 4

What colour are the cations and anions of copper (II) chromate (VI) (olive green)?

Answer 4

cation: blue, Cu2+
anion: yellow, CrO4[2-]

Question 5

What colour are the cations and anions of potassium manganate (VII) (purple)?

Answer 5

cation: colourless
anion: MnO4-, purple

Question 6

What are covalent bonds?

Answer 6

the strong electrostatic attraction between protons and shared electron pairs

Question 7

What is a dative covalent bond and how is it indicates?

Answer 7

indicated by an arrow, one species donates the bonding electron pair

Question 8

What is metallic bonding?

Answer 8

the strong electrostatic attraction between cations and delocalised electrons in a giant lattice

Question 9

How do you produce a pure sample of crystals of a soluble salt?

Answer 9

Add insoluble base to the appropriate acid, remove excess/unreacted base by filtration, heat filtrate to evaporate most of the water, leave some water as water of crystallisation, leave to cool and crystallise, filter to remove excess water, dry crystals between paper towels