Unit 1 Chapter 1

Question 1

Anything that occupies space

Answer 1

matter

Question 2

The quantity of matter as described by its energy equivalence

Answer 2

mass

Question 3

the force exerted on a body under the influence of gravity

Answer 3

weight

Question 4

weight can change between the moon and the earth, however_______ remains unchanged

Answer 4

mass

Question 5

the ability to do work

Answer 5

energy

Question 6

ability to do work by virtue of position

Answer 6

potential energy

Question 7

energy of motion

Answer 7

kinetic energy

Question 8

energy released by chemical reaction

Answer 8

chemical energy

Question 9

work that can be done when an electron moves through an electric potential difference

Answer 9

electrical energy

Question 10

Heat…Energy of motion at the molecular level

Answer 10

thermal energy

Question 11

energy contained within the nucleus of an atom

Answer 11

nuclear energy

Question 12

a form of energy that is reflected or emitted from objects in the form of electrical and magnetic waves that can travel through space

Answer 12

electromagnetic energy

Question 13

matter that absorbs all or part of the electromagnetic energy (aka exposed)

Answer 13

irradiated

Question 14

radiation that is capable of removing an orbital electron

Answer 14

ionizing radiation

Question 15

orbital electron and the atom from which it was removed

Answer 15

ion pair

Question 16

a unit used to express radiation exposure

Answer 16

mSv

Question 17

average annual dose from the natural environment

Answer 17

3mSv

Question 18

average annual dose from manmade radiation

Answer 18

3.2mSv

Question 19

particulate and electromagnetic radiation from the sun and other stars

Answer 19

cosmic rays

Question 20

Cosmic radiation varies with

Answer 20

altitude and latitude

Question 21

results from deposits of uranium, thorium, and other radionuclides

Answer 21

terrestrial radiation

Question 22

intensity depends on what

Answer 22

the geologic area

Question 23

natural metabolites present within our bodies

Answer 23

internally deposited radionuclides

Question 24

the largest source of natural ionizing radiation

Answer 24

radon

Question 25

radioactive gas produced when uranium decays

Answer 25

radon

Question 26

the largest manmade source of radiation

Answer 26

diagnostic x-rays

Question 27

the percentage of our populations approximate annual dose that comes from medical imaging

Answer 27

51%

Question 28

when were x-rays discovered

Answer 28

November 8, 1895

Question 29

Who discovered x-rays

Answer 29

Wilhelm C. Roentgen

Question 30

what type of tube was Roentgen using when he discovered x-rays

Answer 30

Crooks tube

Question 31

what did Roentgen call the x-rays

Answer 31

x-light

Question 32

what was the first published x-ray of

Answer 32

his wife's hand

Question 33

what award did Roentgen receive

Answer 33

the nobel prize

Question 34

what year did Roentgen receive his award

Answer 34

1901

Question 35

static image pictures

Answer 35

radiography

Question 36

dynamic moving images

Answer 36

fluoroscopy

Question 37

sliced images that can be reconstructed on any plane

Answer 37

computed tomography

Question 38

invented in 1907 creating high power voltage which exceeded the capabilities of the currently used Crook's tube

Answer 38

Snook transformer

Question 39

who invented the hot cathode x-ray tube

Answer 39

Coolidge

Question 40

what year was the hot cathode x-ray tube invented

Answer 40

1913

Question 41

the first x-ray fatality in the United States occurred in what year

Answer 41

1904

Question 42

who was the first known x-ray related death

Answer 42

Clarence Dally, assistant to Thomas Edison

Question 43

early reports of radiation injuries

Answer 43

skin damage, loss of hair and anemia

Question 44

ALARA

Answer 44

As Low As Reasonably Achievable

Question 45

removes x-rays of low energy which contribute little to medical imaging

Answer 45

filters

Question 46

reduces the size of the x-ray beam and therefore the area exposed

Answer 46

collimation

Question 47

create light from x-rays reducing the amount of radiation necessary in film imaging

Answer 47

intensifying screens

Question 48

lead aprons, thyroid shields and gloves worn by technologists, radiologists and patients

Answer 48

protective apparel

Question 49

lead shields used to block radiation from reaching the patients gonads during an examination

Answer 49

gonadal shielding

Question 50

this is where you stand during the exam, behind the lead wall

Answer 50

protective barriers

Question 51

Meter. Distance between two lines engraved on a bar at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures

Answer 51

Length

Question 52

Kilogram. Mass of 1000 cm^3 of water at 4* celsius

Answer 52

Mass

Question 53

Second. Based on the vibration of atoms of cesium

Answer 53

Time

Question 54

Speed. How fast the object is moving

Answer 54

Velocity

Question 55

formula for velocity

Answer 55

V=d/t

Question 56

rate of change of velocity over time

Answer 56

acceleration

Question 57

formula for acceleration

Answer 57

a=(v2-v1)/t

Question 58

unit for velocity

Answer 58

m/s

Question 59

unit for acceleration

Answer 59

m/s^2

Question 60

A body will remain at rest or will continue to move with constant velocity in a straight line unless acted on by an external force.

Answer 60

Newton's First Law of Motion- INERTIA

Question 61

the force (F) that acts on an object is equal to the mass(m) of the object multiplied by the acceleration (a)

Answer 61

Newton's Second Law of Motion -FORCE

Question 62

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Answer 62

Newton's Third Law of Motion- ACTION/REACTION

Question 63

the product of mass and velocity

Answer 63

momentum(p) (p=mv)

Question 64

force applied x distance over which it is applied

Answer 64

Work (W) (W=Fd)

Question 65

the unit for work

Answer 65

Joule (J)

Question 66

the rate of doing work

Answer 66

Power (P)

Question 67

Formula for Power(P)

Answer 67

P=work/t which is also P=Fd/t

Question 68

The unit for power is

Answer 68

horsepower or watt (W)

Question 69

the kinetic energy of the random motion of molecules

Answer 69

heat

Question 70

unit for heat

Answer 70

Calorie

Question 71

three ways heat transfer can occur

Answer 71

convection, conduction, or radiation

Question 72

transfer of heat by touching

Answer 72

conduction

Question 73

transfer of heat in gas or liquid from one place to another

Answer 73

Convection

Question 74

transfer by emission of infrared radiation

Answer 74

thermal radiation

Question 75

10^-3 on thousandth of an amp.

Answer 75

milliampere. (1000 milliamperes=1 amp)

Question 76

10^3, 1000 volts

Answer 76

kilovolts (kV)

Question 77

the unit of radiation exposure or intensity

Answer 77

Air Kerma

Question 78

the unit of radiation absorbed dose (rad)

Answer 78

The gray

Question 79

unit occupational radiation exposure and effective dose

Answer 79

Sievert (Sv)

Question 80

unit of radioactivity

Answer 80

Becquerel (Bq)