unit 1 concept 1 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Define science.
a particular way of knowing the world / the advancement of knowledge
Give an example of a hypothesis in the correct format.
If “______________”, then “________________”
Differentiate between an observation and an inference.
Observation: DESCRIPTION of something you can see, smell, touch, taste, and hear. Is NOT an opinion. (Ex. The ground is wet.) / Inference: A GUESS about an object based on your observations. (Ex. It rained)
Explain the relationship between independent and dependent variables within a hypothesis
independent variable: what the experimenter will deliberately change or manipulate in the investigation. (Ex. A drink you consume to run faster) / Dependent variable: what changes in response to the independent variable. (Ex. How much faster you run.)
Explain the difference between accuracy and precision, and the significance of having data that is both.
Accuracy: how close your measurement is to the correct/accepted value | Precision: how close your measurements are to each other.
It’s important to have data of both so that your experiment is as accurate as possible.
List the general steps in designing and conducting an experiment.
- Ask a question.
- Conduct background research.
- Construct a hypothesis.
- Test the hypothesis in an expirement.
- Analyze the data.
- Draw conclusions and communicate them.
Give an example of a scientific investigation design, with appropriate constants and variables.
Argenti wants to see if adding more fertilizer will help his roses to grow faster. So he decided to hold an expirement. First, he separates small rose bushes into 3 different pots. The first pot gets no fertilizer, the second pot gets one packet, and the third gets a 3 packets. He gives the flower bushes the same amount of water and the same amount of sunlight every day at the same time. After the week is over, he then checks how much the rose bushes have grown and takes note of which pot has better flowers.
Explain the general steps of the technological design process, and the criteria that must be considered when designing a solution.
- Problem identification: Clearly define the problem or need.
- Solution design: Brainstorm, research, and sketch to narrow down the best design for production or process, all within the constraints such as cost , time, and materials.
- Implementation: Build and test your design and tweak whatever is iffy.
- Evaluation: determine if you source the problem and met all constraints.
Fact
an objective, verifiable observation
Principle
a statement based on repeated experimental observation that describes an aspect of the world
Principle
a statement based on repeated experimental observation that describes an aspect of the world
Law
Broad concept or principle.
HOW: it describes patterns in nature, is often accepted as facts
Theory
An explanation of an observed phenomenon. It organizes facts and research form scientists to explain WHY. Theories never become a fact or law.
Theory
An explanation of an observed phenomenon. It organizes facts and research form scientists to explain WHY. Theories never become a fact or law.
Qualitative
Describes qualities/appearance.
Quantitative
Uses numbers to measure something.
Independent variable
What the experimenter will deliberately change or manipulate in the investigation.
Dependent variable
What changes in response to the independent variable.
Constants/Contorlled variables
Aspects of an experiment that are held consistent/constant. Ensures that all aspects of an expirement are identical EXCEPT for the IV.
Experimental group
Groups that are being tested. (The independent Variable.)
Control group
Group used for comparison. This is the “norm”.
Technology
The application of scientific discoveries to meet human needs and goals through development of products and processes
Engineering
Applies scientific and mathematic principles to solve problems
