Unit 1- Constitution And Federalism

Question 1

Pluralism

Answer 1

Political theory that says groups compete for power so none dominates

Question 2

Elitism

Answer 2

The political theory that dives society along class lines

Question 3

Majority

Answer 3

Democracy lies on the notion that majority rules

Question 4

Hyperpluralism

Answer 4

When special interest groups take control and the government serves them

Question 5

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 5

Wrote the deceleration of independence

Question 6

Articles of confederation

Answer 6

The first constitution of the USA, VERY VERY WEAK

Question 7

James Madison

Answer 7

Father of the constitution, federalist papers

Question 8

New Jersey plan

Answer 8

Called for equal representation in both houses of congress

Question 9

Constitutional amendments

Answer 9

27 have been made

Question 10

3 branches of government

Answer 10

Legislative
Executive
Judicial

Question 11

Which philosopher influenced the founding fathers with his ideas on natural law

Answer 11

John Locke

Question 12

How to amend articles of confederation

Answer 12

All 13 states were needed to amend the articles

Question 13

Bicameral legislature

Answer 13

Two- house legislature, current system created under the Connecticut compromise (GREAT compromise)

Question 14

Federalist 10

Answer 14

Explained a republics advantage in dealing with factions, by Madison

Question 15

Supremacy clause

Answer 15

Article 6 of the constitution states that the federal government is supreme in conflicts with state governments

Question 16

“Marble cake” cooperative federalism

Answer 16

Predominant government model since the 1930s, makes it jmpossible to seperatley

Question 17

Institutions that make public policy decisions for a society

Answer 17

Government

Question 18

Gibbons v Ogden

Answer 18

Supreme Court case that asserted federal power over interstate commerce - over rights to have a ship in NY waters

Question 19

Concurrent powers

Answer 19

Powers the federal government and states share under federalism

Question 20

Devolution

Answer 20

Shifting go federal powers and responsibilities to the states since the 90s

Question 21

Federalism

Answer 21

A government system with powers distributed between a federal government and states

Question 22

“Layer cake” dual federalism

Answer 22

Powers of state and national government are easily seperated, older model

Question 23

Unfunded mandate

Answer 23

An order from the federal government requiring states to do something but without providing the funds to do it

Question 24

Enumerated powers

Answer 24

Article I section 8 of the constitution gives the government it’s enumerated powers, which are the porwers that are expressly states in the constitution

Question 25

Fiscal federalism

Answer 25

Block grants cross cutting measures and cross over regulations

Question 26

Inherent powers

Answer 26

Powers of the government that it has simply because it is a government

Question 27

Federalist

Answer 27

Supporters of the ratification of the constitution, Alexander Hamilton, John jay, James Madison

Question 28

McCullouch v Maryland

Answer 28

1819 Supreme Court case that affirmed federal supremacy, said Maryland couldn't tax federal banks

Question 29

Elastic Clause/ necessary and proper clause

Answer 29

Clause of the constitution that empowers congress to make laws that are not specifically listed

Question 30

Full faith and credit clause

Answer 30

Clause that holds judicial decrees and contracts of one state are binding in all the others

Question 31

US v Lopez

Answer 31

Changed decade old pattern of expanding congressional commerce powers - revoked SOME of the federal power by saying the no guns in school zones didn't count under commerce

Question 32

Ex post facto laws

Answer 32

Laws that take effect before they're passed

Question 33

How to amend the constitution

Answer 33

One way to amend the constitution is that 2/3 are needed to propose and 3/4 to ratify

Question 34

Reserved powers

Answer 34

Powers reserved to the states

Question 35

Fiscal federalism

Answer 35

When the government influences state governments by giving money to states in grants or aide

Question 36

Categorical grants

Answer 36

Congress appropriates funds for specific purposes, states must comply with federal standards if they take the grant money

Question 37

Block grants

Answer 37

Granted to support general programs, they give states more leeway in spending Acosiated with devolution

Question 38

Project grants

Answer 38

Money states apply for by submitting project proposals

Question 39

Formula grants

Answer 39

Money given to states according to a mathematical formula

Question 40

Direct orders

Answer 40

State or local governments must act under the threat of criminal or civil penalties

Question 41

Cross cutting requirements

Answer 41

Conditions of one grant extend to all federally supported activities, requirements imposed in virtually all grants to further national policies

Question 42

Cross over sanctions

Answer 42

Permit use of federal dollars in one program to influence stages and local policies in another

Question 43

Partial preemption

Answer 43

Federal law establishes basic policies but requires states to administer them without any funding

Question 44

Total preemption

Answer 44

National governments power under supremacy and commerce clauses to preempt conflicting state and local governments