Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYC290 > Unit 1: Evolution of Psychology > Flashcards

Unit 1: Evolution of Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

Who is the founder of modern psychology?

A

William Wundt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Explain Theme 1: Psychology is empirical.

A

one can acquire knowledge through systemic observation through intuition, common sense, speculation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Explain Theme 2: Psychology is theoretically diverse

A

Psychology is not black and white, one of several theories can be correct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain Theme 3: Psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context

A

one must understand the concept of behaviourism and its once dominant position. One single theory cannot explain behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Explain Theme 4: behaviour is determined by multiple causes

A

multiple causations which are complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Explain Theme 5:

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Explain Theme 6:

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Explain Theme 7:

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Applied psychology

A

Practical application of the principles, theories, and research findings from the study of psychology.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Behaviour

A

range of actions, emotions, responses that are displayed by humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Behaviourism

A

the psychological approach that focuses on studying and understanding human behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who came up with Behaviourism?

A

B.F. Skinner and John B. Watson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Biological psychology

A

relationship between biology and psych (ie: neurology, genetics, cognition, mental processes).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Clinical psychology

A

assessing, diagnosing, treating disorders.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cognition

A

mental processes and activities related to acquiring, processing, storing, and using information.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Counselling Psychology

A

helping individuals, couples, families to address emotional, personal, social, psychological challenges.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Critical Thinking

A

process of skillfully analyzing, evaluating, and synthesizing information and arguments, to make reasonable judgements and decisions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Developmental psychology

A

area studying the development of humans across the lifespan.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Empiricism

A

philosophical approach that emphasizes the importance of sensory experience and empirical evidence in gaining knowledge and understanding of the world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Functionalism

A

views society as a system composed of interrelated parts working together to maintain stability and achieve specific functions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Humanism

A

value and agency of humans at the centre of attention. focuses on inherent worth, dignity, and potential of individuals.

22
Q

Industrial/Organizational psychology

A

workplace/industry setting, behaviour in the context of work

23
Q

Introspection

A

process of examining and reflecting upon one’s own thoughts, feelings, mental experiences. “Turning inward.”

24
Q

Positive Psychology

A

seeks to understand the factors that contribute to a fulfilling and meaningful life.
Character strengths, virtues, positive emotions, resilience, positive relationships.

25
Q

Structuralism

A

analyzing the structure of conscious experiences through systemic introspection and identifying basic elements of consciousness.
*Gave way to functionalism and behaviourism

26
Q

Who is the founder of psychoanalysis?

A

Sigmund Freud

27
Q

How did Freud structure the mind? (3 parts)

A
  1. conscious mind
  2. preconscious mind
  3. unconscious mind
28
Q

What is the Opedipus complex?

A

during phallic stages, children develop unconscious desires for their opposite sex parent and view their same-sex parent as a rival. Freud thought this was crucial in the development of healthy adult relationships.

29
Q

How Freud viewed dreams?

A

dreams provide insight into unconscious desires

30
Q

Who was influential in developmental psychology?

A

G. Stanley Hall

31
Q

G. Stanley Hall was influential in the development of what association?

A

APA

32
Q

Where did G. Stanley Hall establish psychology labs?

A

Johns Hopkins and Clark University

33
Q

Who was influential in neurology and understanding brain development?

A

Donald Hebb

34
Q

What is Hebbian learning?

A

“Cells that fire together, wire together”
studied the strengthening of neuron connections.
also studied brain injuries and their influence on cognition and behaviour

35
Q

Who was influential on the creation of functionalism?

A

William James

36
Q

What is the James-Lange theory?

A

emotions are a result of physiological responses to stimuli
*belief that emotions stem from one’s interpretation of physical sensations
Ex:heart beating fast and strong leads you to realize you are scared

37
Q

what refers to the continuous flow of thoughts, sensations, experiences, that make up our conscious experience?

A

the Stream of Consciousness

38
Q

Who was the founder of humanistic psychology?

A

Carl Rogers

39
Q

Who developed person-centred therapy?

A

Carl Rogers

40
Q

Who believed in empathy, active listening, unconditional positive regard, personal growth through self-exploration

A

Carl Rogers

41
Q

Who founded positive psychology?

A

Martin Seligman

42
Q

What type of psychology emphasizes the research on helplessness, optimism, well-being, human flourishing, resilience?

A

Positive Psychology

43
Q

What does the PERMA model stand for and what is it?

A

Positive emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, Accomplishments model: these feelings lead to increased well-being and increased quality of life.

44
Q

Who believed in operant conditioning?

A

B.F Skinner

45
Q

Who rejected free will?

A

B.F Skinner

46
Q

Who believed that reinforcement and punishment drive behaviour?

A

B.F Skinner

47
Q

Who is considered “the father of behaviourism?”

A

John B. Watson

48
Q

Who advocated for a change from studying mental processes to observational behaviour?

A

John B. Watson

49
Q

Who is the father of experimental psychology?

A

Wilhelm Wundt

50
Q

Who created introspection?

A

Wilhelm Wundt

PSYC290 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions