Unit 1--Fall Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Unit 1--Fall Deck (35)
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1
Q

change of position and direction

A

motion

2
Q

total length of path

A

distance

3
Q

distance and direction of an object’s change in position from the starting point, reference point

A

displacement

4
Q

distance an object travels per unit time; distance divided by time

A

speed

5
Q

total distance traveled divided by the total time of travel

A

average speed

6
Q

speed at a given point in time

A

instantaneous speed

7
Q

speed of object and direction of motion

A

velocity

8
Q

rate of change of velocity; difference between ending velocity and beginning velocity divided by the time taken to make the change
CAN BE constant speed with change in direction

A

acceleration

9
Q

speeding up; ending velocity is higher than initial velocity

A

positive acceleration

10
Q

slowing down; final velocity is lower than initial velocity

A

negative acceleration

11
Q

two or more forces act on an object at the same time; combined forces

A

net force

12
Q

push or pull

A

force

13
Q

equal forces that act in opposite direction; net force of zero

A

balanced forces

14
Q

tendency of an object to resist a change in motion

A

inertia

15
Q

motion of an object does not change unless an unbalanced net force acts on the object; object in motion stays in motion and/or object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by outside force

A

Newton’s First Law of Motion

16
Q

acceleration of an object is in the same direction as net force on object; acceleration can be calculated by dividing force by mass.

A

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

17
Q

force opposes sliding motion of two surfaces in contact with one another

A

friction

18
Q

frictional force that prevents two surfaces from sliding past each other; force isn’t large enough to break microwelds

A

static friction

19
Q

force that opposes the motion of two surfaces sliding past one another; microwelds are breaking and reforming as object slides along

A

sliding friction

20
Q

forces opposes motion of objects that move through air; causes objects to fall at differenct speeds

A

air resistance

21
Q

highest speed a falling object will reach

A

terminal velocity

22
Q

attractive force between all objects with mass

A

gravity

23
Q

gravitational force exerted on an object

A

weight

24
Q

net force exerted toward the center of a curved path

A

centripetal force

25
Q

one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts a force of equal size and opposite direction as the first object

A

Newton’s Third Law of Motion

26
Q

mass times velocity of an object

A

momentum

27
Q

energy of moving object due to motion

A

kinetic energy

28
Q

stored energy due to position

A

potential energy

29
Q

unit energy is measured in

A

joule

30
Q

ability to cause change; to do work

A

energy

31
Q

energy stored in an object that can stretch or compress

A

elastic potential energy

32
Q

energy stored in chemical bonds

A

chemical potential energy

33
Q

energy stored by objects due to position above Earth’s surface

A

gravitational potential energy

34
Q

sum of potential and kinetic energy in a system

A

mechanical energy

35
Q

energy can be cannot be created nor destroyed; it can only change form

A

Law of Conservation of Energy