Unit 1 - Health, Lifestyle and Diet Flashcards
(29 cards)
What food groups do we need in our diet?
Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein
Fibre
Vitamins and Mineral ions
What is the carbohydrates use in the body?
To release energy
What is the use of fats in the body?
To keep warm and release energy
What is the use of protein in the body?
For growth, cell repair and cell replacement
What is the use of fibre in the body?
To keep everything moving smoothly through the digestive system
What is the use of vitamins and mineral ions in the body?
To keep skin, blood and everything else healthy
Why do we need energy?
To fuel the chemical reactions int he body (that keep you alive)
What are the chemical reactions in your body called? What is the speed at which they occur?
They’re called your metabolism, the speed at which they occur is your metabolic rate
How and why are their variations in the resting metabolic rate?
Muscle needs more energy than fatty tissue, which means (if all else is equal) people with a higher proportion of muscle to fat in their bodies will have a higher metabolic rate
Why are physically bigger people more likely to have a higher metabolic rate than smaller people?
Because the bigger you are, the more energy your body needs to be supplied with (becaus you have more cells)
Why do men tend to have a slighlty bigger metabolic rate than women?
They’re slightly bigger and have a larger proportion of muscle
→ Other genetic factors may also have some effect
What can boost your resting metabolic rate? Why?
Regular excercise - because it builds muscle
What happens to your metabolic rate when ypu excercise?
When you excercise you need more energy so your metabolic rate goes up during excercise and stays high for some time after you finish
What affects the amount of energy your diet should contain? What does this mean your diet should contain?
Your activity level, therefore if you do little excercise (eg office worker, just lazy) you’re going to need less energy, so less fat and carbohydrate is needed in your diet
What is your health affected by? 3 things
Diet - if your malnourished
Not getting enough excercise
Inherited factors
What is malnourishment?
When your diet is not balanced
What things can lead to obesity?
- By excess carbohydrate/fat in the diet
- Hormonal problems
- Overeating
- Lack of excercise
What health problems can obesity lead to?
- Arthiritis
- Type 2 diabetes
- High blood pressure
- Heart disease
- Some kinds of cancer
What can too much saturated fat in your diet lead to?
Increase your bood cholesterol level
What can eating too much salt cause?
High blood pressure and heart problems
What problems can eating too little cause?
The effect of malnutrition vary depending on what foods are missing from the diet.
Common problems are
- Slow growth (in children)
- Fatigue
- Poor resistance to infection
- Irregular period in women
Eating too little: What are deficiency diseases caused by?
A lack of vitamins or minerals
eg a lack of Vitamin C can cause scurvy
How does excercise effect your body?
It increases the amount of energy used by the body and decreases the amount stored as fat
It also builds muscle so it helps to boost your metabolic rate
→ So people who excercise are less likely to suffer from health problems such as obesity
How can some people be fit but not healthy?
You can be physically fit and slim, but malnourished at the same time because your diet isn’t balanced
