Unit 1: Ideologies

Question 1

self-reliance, freedom from authority

Answer 1

Individualist

Question 2

a set of principles or ideas that explain your world and your place in it

Answer 2

simple definition of Ideology

Question 3

what creates an ideology? (4 of them)

Answer 3

1. Interpretations of history
2. Beliefs about human nature
3. Beliefs about society
4. Visions of the future

Question 4

a system of ideas and ideals, especially one which forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy

Answer 4

Complex definition of Ideology

Question 5

“are humans inherently good or evil? does DNA determine us? do we behave differently in groups? How much of what we do is acting on emotions?”

Answer 5

examples of Beliefs about Human nature

Question 6

Another societal consideration focuses on how people should best organize and run their communities(i.e living arrangements of people)

Answer 6

examples of Beliefs about society

Question 7

Most ideologies include a vision of what the world should be like in the future(3 of them); 1. Will everyone live in harmony? 2. Will there be class conflict? 3, Are we headed towards an apocalypse and the collapse of all societies?

Answer 7

examples of visions of the future

Question 8

Values and beliefs are the underpinnings ___. They are: subjective, personal, highly influencial, standards by which we judge actions, standards by which we create goals, constantly evolving and non static

Answer 8

Ideologies

Question 9

interdependence, importance of the group over the individual. Government is seen as a positive force that can help by controlling society

Answer 9

collectivist

Question 10

Principles of Individualism (PRICES)

Answer 10

P - Private Property
R - Rule of law
I - Individual rights and freedom
C - Competition
E - Economic freedom
S - Self-interest

Question 11

right to own and hold property, including intellectual property

Answer 11

Private Property

Question 12

do your best, work hard, be the best; producers keep prices down by providing options, being innovative, and creating products that people want to buy

Answer 12

Competition

Question 13

Everyone is answerable to the law and protected by it, including government- laws preserve and enlarge freedom

Answer 13

Rule of law

Question 14

do what is best for you, pursue your own dreams and goals

Answer 14

Self-Interest

Question 15

Key to liberalism is for each individual to have the right to vote, have the freedom of conscience, speech, association, etc.

Answer 15

Individual rights and freedoms

Question 16

laissez-faire and the invisible hand; pursuit of wealth, success, money, and profit

Answer 16

Economic freedom

Question 17

Principles of Collectivism (6 of them) (CCCAPE)

Answer 17

Collective Interest
Collective responsibility
Cooperation
Adherence to collective norms
Public Property
Economic Equality

Question 18

state owned companies/industries, in the interest of the collective society; can include Crown Cooperations

Answer 18

Public Property

Question 19

be a certain way, fit in (don’t stand out); often voluntary, but the ideology pressure encourages people to follow

Answer 19

Adherence to collective norms

Question 20

what is best for the group; unions fighting for better treatment , better wages, the good of all workers

Answer 20

Collective interest

Question 21

working together for the betterment of society, rather than trying to one-up each other

Answer 21

Cooperation

Question 22

could take form of everyone being paid the same salary; can also be about access to good and services.
-Progressive taxation; more you make, more tax you pay

Answer 22

Economic Equality

Question 23

holding whole group responsible for actions of individuals within the group; deterrence

Answer 23

Collective responsibility

Question 24

key values of individualism and liberalism

Answer 24

political, economic, and social values

Question 25

political values

Answer 25

Rule of law & Individual rights and freedom

Question 26

Economic values

Answer 26

Economic freedom, self-interest, competition and private property

Question 27

Social values

Answer 27

Individual rights

Question 28

role of government in classical liberalism = __

Answer 28

Protect (individual rights and freedoms)

Question 29

"Father of Liberalism",born as a blank slate, and they learned everything about right and wrong. fundamental natural rights to life, liberty, and property. Political authority should come from the people

Answer 29

John Locke

Question 30

famous for his views on liberty and human rights.* Father of the philosophy of utilitarianism, or “greatest happiness principle”, a standard of morality that uses happiness as its ultimate goal. everyone has the right to act as he or she pleases as long as their actions do not harm others.

Answer 30

John Stuart Mill

Question 31

*Author of The Communist Manifesto, which outlined his belief that a workers’ revolution was necessary and inevitable. Capitalism inherently leads to exploitation, inequality and alienation.

Answer 31

Karl Marx

Question 32

laissez-faire capitalism; Father of Modern Economics. Markets should have minimal government intervention. Prices should be determined by supply and demand

Answer 32

Adam Smith

Question 33

ideas of the separation of powers. political relativism; form of government should be adapted to the specific needs, culture, and circumstances of each society. despotism and authoritarian rule

Answer 33

baron de Montesquieu

Question 34

Lower taxes, fewer social services, less government intervention, hawkish international relations (force > diplomacy), legislating morality

Answer 34

Right wing

Question 35

ideologies that embrace collectivism are located __

Answer 35

Left of center (left wing)

Question 36

Higher taxes, more social services, more government intervention, dovish internation relations (force < diplomacy), morality left to individual

Answer 36

Left wing

Question 37

Ideologies that embrace individualism are located __

Answer 37

Right of center (right wing)

Question 38

reactionary, counterrevolutionary, dictatorship, Individual anarchy

Answer 38

Facism

Question 39

Revolutionary, radical, dictatorship, social anarchy

Answer 39

Communism

Question 40

political: social justice, environmentalism, international solidarity, exclusivity, minority rights, protection of civil liberties, non interventionism. Economic: high gov. ownership, mixed economy, economic equality, income distribution, progressive taxation, social welfare, workers rights

Answer 40

Socialism