UNIT 1: Intro Flashcards
(106 cards)
1
Q
Define Superior
A
Higher or upper; situated above
2
Q
Define Inferior
A
Lower or below; situated below
3
Q
Define Anterior
A
Front or forward part of the body
4
Q
Define Posterior
A
Back or rear part of the body
5
Q
What does Dorsal refer to?
A
Referring to the back or upper side
6
Q
What does Ventral refer to?
A
Referring to the front or lower side
7
Q
Define Lateral
A
Towards the side; away from the midline
8
Q
Define Medial
A
Towards the midline; closer to the center
9
Q
What does Proximal mean?
A
Closer to the point of attachment or origin
10
Q
What does Distal mean?
A
Farther from the point of attachment or origin
11
Q
Define Superficial
A
Located near the surface
12
Q
Define Deep
A
Situated further inside, away from the surface
13
Q
What does Cephalon/Cephalic refer to?
A
Referring to the head
14
Q
What does Cervicis/Cervical refer to?
A
Referring to the neck
15
Q
What is the Cranium?
A
The skull, enclosing the brain
16
Q
What does Gluteal pertain to?
A
Pertaining to the buttocks
17
Q
What does Oculus refer to?
A
Referring to the eye
18
Q
What does Oris refer to?
A
Referring to the mouth
19
Q
What does Otic/Auris relate to?
A
Relating to the ear
20
Q
What does Planta/Plantar refer to?
A
Sole of the foot
21
Q
What does Axilla/Axillary refer to?
A
Armpit region
22
Q
What does Brachium/Brachial mean?
A
Upper arm
23
Q
What does Antebrachium/Antebrachial refer to?
A
Forearm
24
Q
What is the Carpus?
A
Wrist
25
What does Palma/Palmar refer to?
Palm of the hand
26
What is the Pollex?
Thumb
27
What is the Olecranon?
Point of the elbow
28
What does Bucca/Buccal mean?
Cheek
29
What does Mentis refer to?
Chin
30
What is the Umbilicus?
Navel or belly button
31
What does Mamma refer to?
Breast
32
What does Thoracis/Thorax refer to?
Chest
33
What does Lumbus/Lumbar refer to?
Lower back or loin
34
What does Dorsum refer to?
The back
35
What does Inguen refer to?
Groin
36
What is the Femur?
Thigh bone
37
What does Crus refer to?
Lower leg; occurs in a pair
38
What is the Patella?
Knee cap
39
What is the Pelvis?
Hip region
40
What is the Tarsus?
Ankle
41
What does Pes refer to?
Foot
42
What is the Popliteus?
Back of the knee
43
What does Sura/Sural refer to?
Calf of the leg
44
What is the Hallux?
Big toe
45
What does Frons/Frontal Region refer to?
The forehead area
46
What does Nasus/Nasal Region refer to?
The nose area
47
Where is the Abdomen located?
Between the chest (thorax) and pelvis
48
What is the Trunk?
Central part of the body
49
What does Antecubitis/Antecubital refer to?
Inner elbow or cubital fossa
50
What are Digits?
Fingers and toes; numbered 1 to 5 starting with the thumb (pollex or hallux)
51
What is Manus?
The hand
52
What does Pubis/Pubic Region refer to?
Area located at the front of the pelvis
53
What does Acromial refer to?
The highest point of the shoulder
54
What is the Upper limb?
Entire arm from the shoulder to the fingers
55
What is the Lower limb?
Entire leg from the hip to the toes
56
What is the Calcaneus?
The heel bone
57
What does the Midsagittal Plane do?
Divides the body into equal left and right halves
58
What does the Parasagittal Plane do?
Divides the body into unequal left and right portions
59
What does the Frontal/Coronal Plane do?
Divides the body into front and back portions
60
What does the Transverse Plane do?
Divides the body into upper and lower portions
61
What does the Cranial Cavity house?
The brain
62
What does the Spinal Cavity house?
The spinal cord
63
What does the Thoracic Cavity contain?
Heart and lungs
64
What does the Pleural Cavity surround?
The lungs
65
What does the Pericardial Cavity surround?
The heart
66
What is the Mediastinum?
Central compartment of the thoracic cavity
67
What is the Abdominopelvic Cavity?
Combined abdominal and pelvic cavities
68
What does the Visceral Pericardium cover?
Inner layer covering the heart
69
What does the Parietal Pericardium form?
Outer layer forming the sac around the heart
70
What does the Visceral Pleura cover?
Inner layer covering the lungs
71
What does the Parietal Pleura line?
Outer layer lining the thoracic cavity
72
What does the Visceral Peritoneum cover?
Inner layer covering abdominal organs
73
What does the Parietal Peritoneum line?
Outer layer lining the abdominal cavity
74
What is the Hair Shaft?
Visible part of a hair strand
75
What is a Hair Follicle?
Structure from which hair grows
76
What does the Sebaceous Gland produce?
Sebum (skin oil)
77
What is the function of the Apocrine Gland?
Sweat gland associated with hair follicles
78
What does the Eccrine Gland do?
Regulates body temperature
79
What are Tactile Corpuscles?
Sensory receptors for touch
80
What are Lamellated Corpuscles?
Sensory receptors for pressure and vibration
81
What does the Arrector Pili Muscle do?
Responsible for hair erection
82
What is the Stratum Basale (Germinativum)?
Deepest layer of the epidermis
83
What does the Stratum Spinosum contain?
Keratinocytes
84
What is the Stratum Granulosum?
Layer of the epidermis with granular cells
85
What is the Stratum Lucidum?
Clear layer found in thick skin
86
What is the Stratum Corneum?
Outermost layer of the epidermis
87
What are Dermal Papillae?
Small, finger-like projections in the dermis
88
What are Epidermal Ridges?
Raised portions of the epidermis; fingerprints
89
Name and describe the planes and how they divide the body
Saggital, Coronal, Transverse
90
Describe the differences between flagella, cilia, and microvilli
cilia and flagella are primarily used for movement, while microvilli are designed to increase surface area for absorption; cilia are typically shorter and more numerous than flagella, which are usually longer and present in smaller numbers on a cell
91
What and where are the 9 abdominal sections?
(Top to Bottom)
Right: right hypochondrial, right lumbar, right iliac
Middle: epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric
Left: left hypochondrial, left lumbar, left iliac
92
What organs are involved in the right hypochondrial?
liver, gallbladder, kidney, small intestine, large intestine
93
What organs are involved in the right lumbar?
right kidney, small intestine, ascending colon
94
What organs are involved in the right iliac?
ascending colon, cecum, small intestine, appendix, A&V
95
What organs are involved in the epigastric region?
liver, stomach + duodenum, pancreas, spleen
96
What organs are involved in the umbilical region?
small intestine, duodenum, transverse colon
97
What organs are involved in the hypogastric region?
small intestine, sigmoid colon, bladder, rectum
98
What organs are involved in the left hypochondrial region?
liver, stomach, spleen, pancreas, left kidney, large intestine, small intestine
99
What organs are involved in the left lumbar region?
left kidney, small intestine, descending colon
100
What organs are involved in the left iliac region?
descending colon, sigmoid colon, small intestine
101
What organs are involved in the RUQ?
liver, stomach + duodenum, gallbladder, right kidney, pancreas, transverse colon, right adrenal gland
102
What organs are involved in the RLQ?
cecum, large intestine, appendix, right ureter, right reproductive organs
103
What organs are involved in the LUQ?
liver, stomach, spleen, pancreas, left kidney, small intestine, transverse colon
104
What organs are involved in the LLQ?
small intestine, large intestine, sigmoid colon, left reproductive organs, left ureter
105
Name the body cavities & describe where they are
Cranial cavity
Vertebral cavity
Dorsal body cavity (cranial + vertebral)
Thoracic Cavity:
- Mediastinum (including super mediastinum)
- Pleural cavity
- Pericardial cavity
Abdominal cavity
Pelvic cavity
Abdomniopelvic cavity (abdominal + pelvic)
Ventral body cavity (thoracic + abdomniopelvic)
106
