Unit 1-Introduction & Fundamentals Flashcards
The process of drug movement throughout the body necessary to achieve drug action.
Pharmacokinetics 
The movement of the drug into the bloodstream after administration.
Absorption
Two processes, diffusion and facilitated diffusion.
Passive transport
Drugs move across the cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration
Diffusion
Relies on a carrier protein, to move the drug from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Facilitated diffusion
Requires a carrier, such as an enzyme, a protein, to move the drug against a concentration gradient.
Active transport
A process by which cells carry a drug across the membrane, spy, engulfing the drug particles in a vesicle.
Pinocytosis
In the liver, some drugs are metabolized to an inactive form, and are excreted, thus reducing the amount of active drug available to exert a pharmacologic effect.
First pass effect or first pass metabolism 
Refers to the percentage of administered drug availability for activity
Bioavailability 
The movement of the drug from the circulation to body tissues.
Distribution
Are able to exit blood vessels and reach their side of action, causing a pharmacologic response.
Free drugs
The lining of parcels in the brain have a special endothelial lining, or the cells are pressed tightly together.
Blood brain barrier
The process by which the body chemically changed his drugs into a form that can be excreted.
Metabolism or biotransformation
Is a compound that is metabolized into an active pharmacologic substance.
Prodrug
Is the time it takes for the amount of drug in the body to be reduced by half.
Half life
Occurs when the amount of drug being administered is the same as the amount of the drug being eliminated.
Steady state
A large initial dose
Loading dose
Elimination of drugs from the body
Excretion
The study of the effects of drugs on the body
Pharmacodynamics
The bodies physiological response to changes in drug concentration at the site of action.
Dose response relationship
The amount of drug needed to Alyssa a specific physiologic response to a drug.
 Potency
The point at which increasing a drugs dosage no longer increases the desired therapeutic response.
Maximal efficacy
The relationship between the therapeutic dose of a drug and the toxic dose of a drug
Therapeutic index
Arrange of doses that produce a therapeutic response, without causing significant adverse effects and patience. Also known as therapeutic window.
Therapeutic range
