Unit 1: Introduction to Science and Biology Flashcards
(42 cards)
What Is Science
Science is an organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world
What are the goals of science
To provide natural explanations for events in the natural world and to understand patterns in nature and to make useful predictions about natural events
Observation
Process of noticing and describing events
Inference
A logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience
Prediction
An educated guess about a future event
Steps of the experimental design
Observing and asking questions
Forming a hypothesis
Test the hypothesis
Collect and analyze data
Draw a conclusion
Communicate your results
Quantitative data
Obtained by counting or measuring
Qualitative data
Are descriptive and involve characteristics that cannot usually be counted
Control groups
Control groups are exposed to the exact same conditions except for one independent variable
Experimental groups
Are exposed to an independent variable
Independent variable
The one that is deliberately changed and graphed on the X axis
Dependent variable
The one that is observed and changes as a result of the independent variable. Graphed on the Y axis
Microscopy
The technical field of using microscopes to view samples and objects that cannot be seen with the unaided eye
Types of microscopes
Stereo or dissecting microscopes
Compound light microscopes
Electron microscopes
Compound Light microcope
The term light refers to the method by which light transmits the image to your eyes
The term compound deals with the microscopes having more than one lens
Rules of the microscope
Image under microscope is inverted, turned upside down, flipped over, and enlarged
The field of view under the low power (100x) is brighter than the field of view under the high power
The field of view under the high power (400x) is smaller and darker
Only use the fine adjustment knob under high power
If the slide is moved in one direction, the image on the slide moves in the opposite direction
Always start on low power
Always center specimen before moving to high power
Total magnification= Objective magnification X Ocular magnification
The Metric System
The international system of units (SI) is the system used by scientists
Many SI units are units of the metric system
The basic unit of length is
meter
The basic unit of mass is
gram
The basic unit of time is
second
The basic unit of volume is
liter
The basic unit of temperature is
celsius
Characteristics of living organisms
Metabolize
Grow/Develop
Reproduce
Death
Evolve
Graphing rules
2 lined graphs for two dependent variables
Do not start at the origin
Circle the plotted points
Don’t put a zero in the origin
The scale must stay the same, but it can be different on the X and Y axis
