unit 1-microscopes & cells

Question 1

what are the eight characteristics of life?

Answer 1

• life is made up of cells
• life must use dna
• must reproduce
• must maintain “internal consistency” (homeostasis)
• must respond to its environment
• must grow and develop
• must obtain materials and energy somehow
• must evolve over time

Question 2

cell theory?

Answer 2

1) all living things are made up of cells
2) all living things come from cells
3) cells are the basic units for structure and function in a living thing

Question 3

prokaryotes

Answer 3

no nucleus to hold dna

ex.bacteria

Question 4

eukaryotes

Answer 4

has a nucleus to contain dna
has many internal structures(organelles)
ex. people, animals, plants etc

Question 5

levels of organization

Answer 5

biosphere- entire planet where life is
ecosystem- and area where many living things interact with their living and non living environment
community- a collection of different populations
population- a group of one living thing
individual-a single living thing

Question 6

TEMs

Answer 6

transmission electron microscopes

allows you to see inside a cell

Question 7

SEMs

Answer 7

scanning electron microscope

allows you to take 3D pictures of cells

Question 8

magnification and field diameter of microscope lenses

Answer 8

low-40x-4400um
med-100x-1800um
high-400x-440um

Question 9

field calculation formulas

Answer 9

field diameter/actual size x number across the field

drawing size/ magnification x actual size

Question 10

organelle

Answer 10

a structure inside a cell that performs a specific task

Question 11

mitochondria

Answer 11

THE POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL!!
makes chemicals into usable “food” for the cell
in both plant and animal cells

Question 12

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 12

network of channels involved in transport, storage, making and modifying proteins
rough ER he’s ribosomes attached to it
smooth ER has no ribosomes

Question 13

Golgi apparatus

Answer 13

modifies, collects, packages, and distributes proteins made in the cell

Question 14

vacuole

Answer 14

storage 
plants- one big one
only holds water
animals- many small ones 
holds all type of crap. food, water, enzymes

Question 15

chloroplasts

Answer 15

traps suns energy and makes it into usable energy for the cell
only in plants
make it look green
where photosynthesis happens

Question 16

lysosome

Answer 16

a type of vacuole
in an animals but rarely plants
contains digestive enzymes that help to clean up the the cell

Question 17

ribosomes

Answer 17

makes proteins
ribosomes are made in the nucleolus then leave
either float around or attach to ER

Question 18

cell wall

Answer 18

only in plants
rigid non living layer
protects cell

Question 19

centrioles

Answer 19

in animals
not in plants
used in cellular reproduction

Question 20

cytoplasm

Answer 20

goo inside cell that suspends organelles within it