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Texas History > Unit 1 Natural Texas and Its People > Flashcards

Unit 1 Natural Texas and Its People Flashcards

Understand the geography, regions and early native American cultures in the Era: Natural Texas and Its People (Unit 1:Chapters 1-3)

0
Q

Absolute Location

A

Exact position of a place on the earth’s surface (latitude and longitude).

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1
Q

Place

A

Features and characteristics that give as area it’s own identity or personality (landforms, climate, plants, animals).

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2
Q

Relative Location

A

Position of a place in relationship to other places (next to, south of).

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3
Q

Location of Texas to the US

A

South and central part of the US

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4
Q

4 Border States to Texas (west to east)

A

New Mexico, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana

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5
Q

3 Border Rivers of Texas

A

Rio Grande, Red and Sabine

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6
Q

Body of water that borders the southeastern part of Texas

A

Gulf of Mexico

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7
Q

Country to the south of Texas

A

Mexico

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8
Q

“wrong way”rivers of Texas

A

Most Texas rivers take water from dry to wet areas

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9
Q

Physical Characteristics

A

Aspects or traits of our environment: landforms, water, climate and resources.

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10
Q

Ecosystem

A

Community of plants and animals in an area that depend on each other.

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11
Q

3 Natural Vegetations of Texas

A

savanna, grassland and forest

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12
Q

Rainfall pattern of Texas

A

Driest in the western mountains (10 inches or less) to wettest in the eastern part (50 or more inches) of the state a year.

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13
Q

Lakes in Texas

A

Only one natural lake, Caddo Lake, all others are man made large bodies of fresh water.

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14
Q

Aquifer

A

Underground fresh water

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15
Q

Aquifers in Texas

A

Edwards Aquifer, under the Edwards Plateau

Ogallala Aquifer, under the Panhandle part of the Great Plains

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16
Q

Escarpment

A

Long steep cliff

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17
Q

Escarpments of Texas

A

Caprock Escarpment, divides the higher Great Plains from the lower plains called the North Central Plains
Balconies Escarpment, divides the North Central Plains from the lowest plains called the Coastal Plains

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18
Q

Minerals in Texas

A

Petroleum (OIL), natural gas, coal and wind for energy.

Sand, gravel, limestone, granite, gypsum and clay also.

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19
Q

Ranching in Texas

A

CATTLE, sheep, goats and horses.

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20
Q

Farming in Texas

A

COTTON, wheat, corn and rice.

21
Q

Agriculture

A

Farming (growing of crops) and ranching (raising animals)

22
Q

Climate of Texas

A

continental Climate with mild winters and definite seasons

Violent storms such as thunderstorms, tornadoes and hurricanes

23
Q

Northers

A

Cold arctic air from the north

24
Q

Plateau

A

Large flat area of land with steep sides, table top land

25
Q

Plateaus of Texas

A

Edwards Plateau, eastern part is also referred to as the Hill Country because of its pretty landscape and flowers in the spring
Stockton Plateau, west of the Edwards Plateau

26
Q

Mountains of Texas

A

Guadalupe, Chisos, Davis and Stockton mountain ranges

27
Q

Mountain

A

Land with large steep sides usually coming to a point

28
Q

Plain

A

Flat land

29
Q

Highest plain in Texas

A

High Plains in the western half of the Panhandle, also the most northern part of the state.

30
Q

Barrier Islands

A

Long thin strip of land covered in sand dunes, protects the mainland shore from ocean waves

31
Q

Name some barrier islands of Texas

A

Padre Island, Mustang Island and Galveston Island

32
Q

The water way protected between the barrier islands and the mainland of Texas is called

A

Laguna Madre

33
Q

Regions

A

Places grouped together that share one or more common characteristics.

34
Q

4 Regions of Texas

A

Mountains and Basins, Great Plains, North Central Plains, and Coastal Plains

35
Q

Mountains and Basins

A

Smallest region of Texas and least populated
Highest and driest part of Texas, part of the Rocky Mountains

Land forms: mountains, basins and plateau
Rivers: Rio Grande and Pecos
El Paso is the largest city
Savanna

36
Q

Great Plains

A

Most northern and highest plains region of Texas.
3 sub-regions: Edwards Plateau, Llano Basin and High Plains

Land forms: High Plains, Palo Duro Canyon, Llano Estacado, Permian Basin, Edwards Plateau and divided by the Caprock Escarpment from the lower plains.
Rivers: Canadian, Red, Brazos, Colorado, Pecos and Rio Grande

Largest cities: Amarillo, Lubbock, Midland and Odessa

Farming: North Plains-wheat, South Plains-cotton
Permian Basin is a major petroleum center

37
Q

North Central Plains

A

North central part of state with gently rolling plains and savannas
3 sub-regions: Cross Timbers, Grand Prairie, and Rolling Plains
Divide from the other regions by the Caprock Escarpment and the Balcones Escarpment

Rivers: Red, Trinity, Brazos, and Colorado
Largest cities: Forth Worth, Arlington, Abilene, Brownwood, San Angelo, Killeen, Denton and Witchita Falls
Southern part is mostly goat and sheep raising
Northern part is mostly cattle raising

38
Q

Coastal Plains

A

The largest region of Texas and the most populated.
5 sub-regions: Blackland Prairie, Post Oak Belt, Piney Woods, Gulf Coast Plain and South Texas Plain
savanna, grassland and forest

Largest cities: Houston, Dallas, San Antonio, and Austin (capital)
Contains the most rivers, lowest plains and receives the most rainfall
Commercial fishing, shipping and possible hurricanes along the coast

39
Q

Top 5 largest cities in Texas

A 
Houston
Dallas
San Antonio
Austin, our capital
Fort Worth

Ft. Worth and Dallas make up an over 20 city area known as the Metroplex

40
Q

Human Characteristics

A

Aspects or traits of people

41
Q

Nomad

A

A person that moves from place to place

42
Q

Adobe

A

Houses made of sun dried mud and straw bricks

43
Q

Culture

A

Way of life developed by by a group of people. Their traditions, language, religion, and customs.

44
Q

Cultural diffusion

A

A blending of cultures in a new location that changes the original culture.

45
Q

4 Culture Groups of Native Americans

A

Pueblo, Plains, Southeastern, and Gulf

46
Q

Pueblo Culture Group

A

Sedentary tribes that lived mainly in adobe pueblos in the Mountains and Basins region.
Mainly traders and farmers.

Tribes: Jumanos, Tiguas, and Concho

Native American reservation today in Ysleta part of El Paso.

47
Q

Plains Culture Group

A

Nomadic tribes that lived in teepees, hunted buffalo and war with other tribes within the high and low plains of today’s Great Plains and North Central Plains regions. Part of the larger Plains groups of the US.
Mainly hunters and warriors.

Tribes: Comanche, Kiowas, Apaches (Lipan and Mescalero), Tonkawas, and Kickapoo.

Plains groups, the Comanche, were the last reigning and most fierce tribe of Texas.
Native American, Kickapoo, reservation along Rio Grande near Eagle Pass, Texas.

48
Q

Southeastern Culture Group

A

Sedentary tribes living in large round homes of timber and thatch in the most northeastern part of Texas but part of the larger Southeatern tribes of the US.
Mainly craftsman, traders, fisherman and farmers. Made dug-out canoes and trot-lines.
Formed friendships and trade with groups in their confederacy, traced families through the mother-matrilineal, and women could be leaders. Referred to as the “Tejas” meaning friendly.

Tribes: Caddo, Wichita, Cherokee and Alabama-Coushatta

Native American reservation today in Livingston, Texas.

49
Q

Gulf Culture Group

A

Nomadic tribes living in smaller wigwams or short tips in small villages along the many rivers and coast line of Texas.
Mainly smaller game hunters, gatherers, fisherman, traders and some farming.

Tribes: Karankawas, Atakapans and Coahuilttecans

50
Q

Eras

A

Periods of time grouped together by things, events and/or persons of the time that are similar.

Texas History (3 decks)

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